- Jan 28 John Barclay, Scottish satirist writer and poet (Euphormio's Satyricon), born in Pont-à-Mousson, Lorraine, France (d. 1621)
- Apr 1 Thomas Simpson, English composer who worked in Germany, born in Kent (d. 1628)
- Apr 8 Phineas Fletcher, English poet, born in Cranbrook (d. 1650)
- May 1 Marco da Gagliano, Italian opera composer, born in Florence, Italy (d. 1643)
- May 28 William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele, English statesman, born in Broughton Castle, Banbury, Oxfordshire (d. 1662)
- Jun 26 Johannes Schultz, German composer, born in Lüneburg, Germany (d. 1653)
- Aug 28 Taichang Emperor [Zhu Changluo], 14th Emperor of the Ming dynasty of China, born in Beijing (d. 1620)
- Oct 17 Johann Gerhard, German Lutheran leader (d. 1637)
- Oct 19 Dmitry Ivanovich [Dmitry of Uglich], Russian Tsarevich and son of Ivan IV "the Terrible" (d. 1591)
- Oct 21 John Ernest of Nassau-Siegen, Germany military officer and son of John VII, born in Siegen (d. 1617)
- Nov 27 Pierre Dupuy, French historian and scholar, born in Agen, France (d. 1651)
- Dec 23 Severo Bonini, Italian composer and monk, born in Florence (d. 1663)