- Jan 11 Robert Devereux, 3rd Earl of Essex, English Civil War general (d. 1646)
- Jan 12 José Ribera/Jusepe de Ribera, Spanish painter and printmaker, nicknamed Lo Spagnoletto (d. 1652)
- Feb 25 Friedrich von Spee, German writer (d. 1635)
- Mar 15 Alexandre de Rhodes, French Jesuit missionary (d. 1660)
- May 26 Dirck Janszoon Sweelinck, Dutch composer, born in Amsterdam (d. 1652) baptism date
- Jun 16 Joseph Solomon Delmedigo, Italian physician, mathematician, and music theorist (d. 1655)
- Aug 24 Robert Herrick, English poet ('Gather ye rosebuds while ye may'), baptized in London (d. 1674)
- Sep 8 Jacqueline-Marie-Angélique Arnauld, French abbess (Port-Royal de Paris), born in Paris (d. 1661)
- Sep 23 Michael Lohr, German composer, born in Marienberg (d. 1654)