- Jan 1 Bartolomé Esteban Murillo, Spanish Baroque artist (The Vision of St. Anthony), born in Seville, Spain (d. 1682) [baptizism date]
- Jan 14 Jan Six, Dutch mayor of Amsterdam, born in Amsterdam, Netherlands (d. 1700)
- Apr 2 Francesco Maria Grimaldi, Italian mathematician and physicist (light defraction), born in Bologna, Italy (d. 1663)
- Apr 13 Roger de Rabutin, Comte de Bussy, French writer, born in Epiry, France (d. 1693)
- Sep 9 Joan Cererols, Catalan musician, composer and monk, born in Martorell (d. 1680)
- Oct 6 Miguel Gomez Camargo, composer
- Nov 1 Johannes Flittner, German composer, born in Suhl, Thuringia, Germany (d. 1678)
- Nov 3 Aurangzeb, 6th Mughal Emperor (1658-1707), born in Dahod, Mughal Empire (d. 1707)
- Dec 26 Elisabeth, Paltsgravin of Rhine/abbess