- Mar 14 Adam-Nicolas Gascon, composer, born in Liège, Belgium (d. 1668)
- Apr 23 Jan Adam Reincken, Dutch-German composer, born in Deventer, Netherlands (d. 1722)
- Apr 27 Johann Adam Reincken, German organist and composer, born in Deventer, Netherlands (d. 1722)
- Apr 30 François de Laval, French clergyman, 1st Roman Catholic bishop of Québec, and saint, born in Montigny-sur-Avre, Kingdom of France (d. 1708)
- May 26 William Petty, English political economist and statistician (Treatise of Taxes and Contributions), born in Romsey, England (d. 1687)
- May 30 Wallerant Vaillant, French painter and engraver, born in Lille, France (d. 1677)
- May 30 John Egerton, 2nd Earl of Bridgewater, English politician (d. 1686)
- Jun 15 Cornelis de Witt, Dutch statesman (Chatham), born in Dordrecht, Dutch Republic (d. 1672)
Blaise Pascal
Jun 19 Blaise Pascal, French mathematician, physicist and Christian philosopher (Pascal's Law, Pascal's Wager), born in Clermont-Ferrand, France (d. 1662)
