- Jan 25 Robert Boyle, Anglo-Irish natural philosopher & chemist, born in Lismore, Republic of Ireland (d. 1691)
- Jan 28 Alfonso Marsh, English composer and lutenist, baptized in London (d. 1681)
- Mar 27 Stephen Fox, English politician, born in Farley, Wiltshire (d. 1716)
- Apr 9 Johann Kaspar Kerll, German composer, born in Adorf, Germany (d. 1693)
- May 29 Anne Marie Louise d'Orléans, Duchess of Montpensier (Grand Mademoiselle), born in Palais du Louvre, Paris (d. 1693)
- Jun 13 Fidel Molitor, Swiss composer, born in Wil (d. 1685)
- Aug 2 Samuel Dirksz van Hoogstraten, Dutch painter, born in Dordrecht, Netherlands (d. 1678)
- Aug 26 Thomas Bullis, English composer (baptized) (d. 1708)
- Sep 6 Pierre Verdier, French composer working in Sweden, born in Paris (d. 1706)
Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet (1627-1704)
Sep 27 French bishop and writer (Louis XIV court preacher), born in Dijon, France