- Feb 10 Henriette Catharina van Nassau, Dutch princess consort of Anhalt-Dessau and daughter of Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange, born in The Hague (d. 1708)
- Feb 12 Jan Swammerdam, Dutch anatomist and entomologist (Bible of Nature), born in Amsterdam (d. 1680)
- Mar 5 Jan van der Heyden, Dutch painter and inventor (fire hose; street lighting), born in Gorinchem, South Holland (d. 1712)
- Mar 12 Anne Hyde, wife of James II of England (d. 1671)
- Apr 15 Valentin Molitor, Swiss composer, born in Rapperswil, Switzerland (d. 1713)
- Apr 26 Philip Julius van Lichtenbergh, Governor of Suriname, born in Heusden, Noord-Brabant, Netherlands (d. 1674)
- Jun 10 Jacques Marquette, French Jesuit missionary explorer (Chicago), born in Laon, France (d. 1675)
- Jun 16 Giovanni Paulo Colonna, Italian composer and organ builder, born in Bologna (d. 1695)
- Jul 8 Johann Georg Ebeling, German composer, born in Lüneburg (d. 1676)
- Aug 16 Emilie Juliane of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt, German countess and poet (d. 1706)
- Aug 20 Cornelis Van Aerssen, Dutch governor of Suriname (1638-88), born in The Hague, Netherlands (d. 1688)
- Aug 27 Charles Calvert, 3rd Baron Baltimore, Governor of the Province of Maryland, born in Salisbury, England (d. 1715)
- Sep 27 Hieronymus Gradenthaler, German composer, born in Regensburg, Bavaria (d. 1700)
- Oct 20 Nicolaas van der Veken, Flemish sculptor (confessional chairs), born in Mechelen (d. 1709)
- Nov 21 Catharina Questiers, Dutch poet (Friend of Abandoned Child), born in Amsterdam (d. 1669)
- Nov 30 Louis-Sébastien Le Nain de Tillemont, French ecclesiastical historian, born in Paris (d. 1698)
- Dec 6 Edmund Andros, English governor in North America, born in London (d. 1714)
- Dec 7 Bernardo Pasquini, Italian composer, born in Massa e Cozzile, Tuscany (d. 1710)