- Jan 1 Antoinette du Ligier de la Guard Deshoulieres, French poet/playwright
- Jan 1 Emperor Go-Sai of Japan (d. 1685)
- Jan 11 Nicolas Steno, Danish scientist prominent in anatomy and geology, and later Catholic priest, bishop, and candidate for sainthood, born in Copenhagen, Denmark (d. 1686)
- Jan 12 Ernst R Tarhemberg, Austrian fieldmarshal (Turkish Wars)
- Jan 24 Charles Sackville, 6th Earl of Dorset, English poet (d. 1706)