- Jan 10 Joshua Barnes, English scholar, born in London, United Kingdom (d. 1712)
- Jan 20 Michiel de Swaen, Dutch physician and poet, born in Dunkirk (d. 1701)
- Jan 22 Richard Blackmore, English physician and writer (d. 1729)
- Mar 11 Heinrich Georg Neuss, German composer, Lutheran theologian, and poet, born in Elbingerode, Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (now Germany) (d. 1716)
- Mar 16 Andreas Acoluthus, German orientalist (d. 1704)
- May 4 Kangxi Emperor of China, 4th Emperor of the Qing Dynasty, born in Jingren Palace, Forbidden City, Beijing, Qing dynasty, China (d. 1722)
- May 11 Cornelis van Alkemade, Dutch historian, author and collector of antiquities, (d. 1737)
- Jul 5 Antonio Maria Pacchioni, Baroque composer, born in Modena, Italy (baptized date) (d. 1738)
- Jul 9 Emperor Reigen, 112th Emperor of Japan, born in Kyoto, Japan (d. 1732)
- Jul 25 Agostino Steffani, Italian-German diplomat and composer, born in Castelfranco Veneto, Italy (d. 1728)
- Jul 31 Jacob Hop, Dutch politician and diplomat
- Aug 10 Bernard Nieuwentyt, Dutch physician/theologist
- Sep 29 Vincenz Lubeck, German composer, born in Padingbüttel (d. 1740)
- Oct 23 Johann Bernhard Staudt, Austrian Jesuit composer, born in Vienna, Austria (d. 1712)
- Nov 5 Christian Liebe, German composer, born in Freiberg, Saxony (d. 1708)
- Dec 27 Jacob Bernoulli, Swiss mathematician known for his contributions to calculus, born in Basel, Switzerland (d. 1705)