- Jan 7 Stephen Groombridge, Goudhurst Kent, English Astronomer (Catalogue of Circumpolar Stars)
Alexander Hamilton
Jan 11 Alexander Hamilton, US Founding Father and 1st United States Secretary of the Treasury (1789-95), born in Charlestown, Nevis, West Indies (d. 1804)
Alexander Hamilton
- Feb 3 Florido Tomeoni, composer
- Feb 11 Albert Christoph Dies, German painter, engraver and biographer, born in Hanover (d. 1822)
- Feb 13 Francois Alexander Sallantin, French composer, born in Paris (d. 1816)
- Feb 19 Pieter G van Overstraten, governor-general of Neth-Indies
- Mar 2 Antoine-Frederic Gresnick, composer
- Mar 10 Philipp Christoph Kayser, composer
- Mar 12 Georges Couthon, French politician
- Mar 14 Pierre-Louis Couperin, French organist and composer (d. 1789)
- Mar 24 Rufus King, American politician and framer of US constitution, born in Scarborough, Massachusetts (d. 1827)
- Apr 1 Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin, French lawyer (Fisiologia del Gusto)
- Apr 4 Vincenc Mašek, Bohemian composer, born in Zvíkovec, Czech Republic (d. 1831)
- Apr 10 Samuel Hahnemann, German physician, originator of homeopathy, born in Meissen, Dresden (d. 1843)
- Apr 11 James Parkinson, English physician (First description of Parkinson's disease) and political activist, born in Shoreditch, London (d. 1824)
- Apr 16 Élisabeth-Louise Vigée Le Brun, French painter, born in Paris (d. 1842)
- Apr 27 Marc-Antoine Parseval, French mathematician (Parseval's theorem), born in Rosières-aux-Salines, France (d. 1836)
- May 19 Gabriele Prota, composer
- May 21 Alfred Moore, American judge (d. 1810)
- Jun 1 Frederico Fiorillo, Italian violist/composer
Nathan Hale
Jun 6 Nathan Hale, American Revolutionary War patriot, "I only regret that I have but one life to give for my country.", born in Coventry, Connecticut, North American Colonies (d. 1776)
Nathan Hale
- Jun 15 Antoine François, comte de Fourcroy, French chemist (d. 1809)
- Jun 25 Princess Natalia Alexeievna of Russia, born in Prenzlau, Brandenburg, Prussia (d. 1776)
- Jun 30 Paul-François-Jean-Nicolas, French politician of the French Revolution, born in Fox-Amphoux, France (d. 1829)
- Jul 5 Sarah Kemble Siddons, English tragic actress (Fatal Marriage), born in Brecon, Wales (d. 1831)
- Jul 6 John Flaxman, English sculptor (Westminster Abbey tomb stones)
- Jul 22 Gaspard de Prony, French mathematician (d. 1839)
- Jul 29 Franz Gotz, Bohemian composer, born in Strašice (d. 1815)
- Aug 1 Antonio Capuzzi, Italian violinist and composer, born in Brescia, Italy (d. 1818)
- Aug 4 Nicolas-Jacque Conte, French painter and inventor (modern pencil), born in Aunou-sur-Orne, France (d. 1805)
- Aug 8 Luigi Marchesi, composer
- Aug 31 Johann Ignaz Walter, German opera singer and composer, born in Perutz, Bohemia (d. 1822)
- Sep 4 Axel von Fersen the Younger, Swedish Army officer, diplomat and statesman, born in Stockholm, Sweden (d. 1810)
- Sep 9 Benjamin Bourne, American politician (Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Rhode Island), born in Bristol, Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, British America (d. 1808)
- Sep 13 Oliver Evans, American inventor who pioneered high-pressure steam engine, born in Newport, Delaware (d. 1819)
John Marshall
Sep 24 John Marshall, 4th Chief Justice of the United States (1801-35), born in Germantown, Virginia (d. 1835)
John Marshall
- Oct 31 Jean Louis van Aelbroeck, Flemish agronomist, born in Zottergem, Belgium (d. 1846)
Marie Antoinette
Nov 2 Marie Antoinette, Queen of France (1774-92) who allegedly uttered the phrase "let them eat cake", born in Vienna, Austria (d. 1793)
Marie Antoinette
Louis XVIII
Nov 17 Louis XVIII, 1st post-revolutionary King of France (1814-24), born in Versailles, France (d. 1824)
Louis XVIII