- Jan 24 Johann Chrysostomus Drexel, composer
- Feb 1 Agustín de Betancourt, Spanish civil engineer (steam engines, hot air balloons), born in Puerto de la Cruz, Tenerife (d. 1824)
- Feb 4 Pierre-Gabriel Gardel, French ballet dancer/choreographer
- Feb 7 Benedikt Emanuel Schack, composer
- Feb 12 Christian Ignatius Latrobe, English clergyman and composer (Selection of Sacred Music), born in the Fulneck Moravian Settlement, Yorkshire (d. 1836)
- Feb 17 John Pinkerton, Scottish historian
- Mar 9 Franz Joseph Gall, German-French physician (phrenology), born in Tiefenbronn, Germany (d. 1828)
- Mar 12 Leopold earl of Limburg Stirum, Dutch general and politician [or March 22]
- Mar 26 Johann Daniel Ferstenberg, composer
- Apr 4 John Hoppner, English portrait painter, born in Whitechapel, London (d. 1810)
- Apr 4 Pierre-Paul Prud'hon, French Romantic painter and draughtsman - allegorical paintings and portraits, born in Cluny, Saône-et-Loire (d. 1823)
James Monroe
Apr 28 James Monroe, 5th US President (1817-25), born in Monroe Hall, Virginia (d. 1831)
James Monroe
- Apr 29 Georg Carl von Döbeln, Swedish Lieutenant General and war hero, born in Stora Torpa, Västergötland, Sweden (d. 1820)
Maximilien Robespierre
May 6 Maximilien Robespierre, French revolutionary (President of the National Convention, Member of Committee of Public Safety), born in Arras, France (d. 1794)
Maximilien Robespierre
- May 17 John St Aubyn, British fossil collector, born in Golden Square, London (d. 1839)
- Jun 2 Cornelis R T Krayenhoff, Dutch fortress engineer/cartographer
- Jun 18 Quint Ondaatje, Dutch jurist and politician, born in Colombo (d. 1818)
- Jul 25 Elizabeth Hamilton, Scottish author (The cottagers of Glenburnie), born in Belfast, Ireland (d. 1816)
- Jul 29 Antonius van Gils, Dutch RC theologist (opposed Enlightenment)
- Aug 9 Bruno Dalberg [Petrus the Wacker van Zon], Dutch writer and lawyer, born in Amsterdam (d. 1818)
- Aug 14 Carle Vernet, French painter and lithographer, born in Bordeaux, France (d. 1836)
- Aug 24 Sophia Frederica of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Queen of Denmark and Norway, born in Schwerin, Germany (d. 1794)
- Aug 25 Franz Teyber, Austrian composer, born in Vienna, Austria (d. 1810)
- Sep 1 Wilhelmus Kist, writer/director of Dutch Staatscourant
- Sep 10 Hannah Webster Foster, American author (The Coquette; or, The History of Eliza Wharton), born in Salisbury, Massachusetts (d. 1840)
- Sep 21 Christopher Gore, American lawyer and politician (8th Governor of Massachusetts), born in Boston, Province of Massachusetts Bay (d. 1827)
- Sep 26 Cosme Argerich, Argentine physician and founder of the Medicine School of Buenos Aires, born in Buenos Aires, Argentina (d. 1820)
Horatio Nelson
Sep 29 Horatio Nelson, British admiral and hero of Trafalgar, born in Burnham Thorpe, Norfolk (d. 1805)
Horatio Nelson
Noah Webster
Oct 16 Noah Webster, lexicographer (Webster's Dictionary), born in West Hartford, Connecticut (d. 1843)
Noah Webster
- Oct 26 Louis-Charles-Joseph Rey, French classical cellist and composer, born in Lauzerte, France (d. 1811)
- Nov 7 Edouard viscount de Walckiers, South Netherland banker and politician, born in Brussels, Belgium (d. 1837)
- Nov 16 Peter Andreas Heiberg, Danish author and philologist, born in Vordingborg, Denmark (d. 1841)
- Dec 3 Joseph Gelinek, Czech composer, born in Beroun, Czech Republic (d. 1825)
- Dec 11 Carl Friedrich Zelter, German composer, born in Berlin, Germany (d. 1832)
- Dec 20 Othon Joseph Vandenbroek, composer (d. 1832)
- Dec 23 Nathan Wilson U.S. Representative from New York