- Jan 10 Heinrich Lichtenstein, German physician & explorer, born in Hamburg, Germany (d. 1857)
- Jan 12 Wilhelm Martin Leberecht de Wette, German exegetist and theologist, born in Ulla, Thuringia (d. 1849)
- Jan 14 François Joseph Dizi, Belgian composer, born in Namur, Belgium (d. 1840)
- Jan 28 Giovanni Battista Velluti, Italian castrato singer 'the last great castrato', born in Pausula, Italy (d. 1861)
- Feb 2 Johannes van den Bosch, Dutch colonial administrator (Governor-General of Dutch East Indies 1830-33), born in Herwijnen, Dutch Republic (d. 1844)
- Feb 9 Walenty Karol Kratzer, Polish composer, born in Kraków, Poland (d. 1855)
- Feb 19 Friedrich Heinrich von der Hagen, German philologist (Nibelungenlied), born in Angermünde-Schmiedeberg i (d. 1856)
- Feb 19 Richard McCarty, American politician, born in Coeymans, New York (d. 1844)
- Feb 28 Leonard du Bus de Gisignies, Dutch Governor-General of Dutch East Indies (1826-30), born in Dottignies, Austrian Netherlands (d. 1849)
- Mar 10 Juan José Landaeta, Venezuelan composer, born in Caracas, Venezuela, (d. 1814)
- Mar 17 Thomas Chalmers, Scottish minister and 1st moderator (Free Church of Scotland 1843-47), born in Anstruther, Scotland (d. 1847)
- Mar 18 Milos Obrenovic, Leader of The Second Serbian Uprising and Prince of Serbia (d. 1860)
- Mar 27 August Leopold Crelle, German inventor and mathematician (1st Prussian Railway), born in Eichwerder, Brandenburg, Germany (d. 1855)
- Mar 29 Jørgen Jørgensen, Danish explorer and adventurer (attempted to rule Iceland), born in Copenhagen, Denmark (d. 1841)
- Apr 7 William Ellery Channing, American Unitarian preacher and clergyman, born in Newport, Rhode Island (d. 1842)
- Apr 13 Alexander Mitchell, Irish engineer (inventor of the screw-pile lighthouse), born in Dublin (d. 1868)
Elizabeth Fry (1780-1845)
May 21 English prison reformer, social reformer and Quaker Minister, born in Norwich, England
- May 22 Jan Emmanuel Doležálek, Bohemian organist and composer, born in Chotěboř, Bohemia, Habsburg Monarchy (d. 1858)
- May 28 Franz Joseph Fröhlich, German composer, born in Würzburg, Electorate of Bavaria, Holy Roman Empire (now Germany) (d. 1862)
- Jun 3 William Hone, English author and bookseller (won landmark freedom of the press case against the government), born in Bath, England (d. 1842)
- Jun 18 Michael Henkel, German composer and organist, born in Fulda, Germany (d. 1851)
- Jul 1 Carl von Clausewitz, Prussian general and strategist, born in Burg bei Magdeburg, Prussia (d. 1831)
- Jul 25 Christian Theodor Weinlig, German composer, teacher and choir master, born in Dresden, Saxony (d. 1842)
- Aug 19 Pierre-Jean de Béranger, French poet and songwriter, born in Paris (d. 1857)
- Aug 21 Jernej Kopitar, Slovene philologist and linguist (Slovenian Grammar), born in Repnje, Slovenia (d. 1844)
- Aug 29 Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres, French painter (Valpincon Bather), born in Montauban, France (d. 1867)
- Sep 25 Jason Fairbanks, American murderer, born in Dedham, Massachusetts (d. 1801)
- Sep 28 Élie, Duke Decazes, French Bourbon Restoration politician (4th Prime Minister of France), born in Sainte-Martin-de-Laye, France (d. 1860)
- Oct 10 John Abercrombie, Scottish physician, born in Aberdeen (d. 1844)
- Oct 20 Pauline Bonaparte, Corsican duchess of Parma and Guastalla, sister of Napoleon Bonaparte, born in Ajaccio, Corsica (d. 1825)
- Nov 3 Victor Dourlen, French composer, born in Dunkerque, France (d. 1864)
- Nov 16 Robert Archibald Smith, Scottish composer (d. 1829)
- Nov 22 Conradin Kreutzer, German composer, born in Messkirch, Baden, Germany (d. 1849)
- Nov 22 José Cecilio del Valle, Honduran philosopher and politician, born in Choluteca, Honduras (d. 1834)
- Dec 14 Karl Robert von Nesselrode, German-Russian diplomat, born in Lisbon, Portugal (d. 1862)
- Dec 23 Charles-Louis Panckoucke, French publisher and editor (Bibliothèque latine-française) (d. 1844)
- Dec 26 Mary Fairfax Somerville, British mathematician (d. 1872)