- Jan 3 [Johann Christian] Friedrich Schneider, German composer and conductor (d. 1853)
- Jan 7 John Catron, American Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, born in Pennsylvania (d. 1865)
- Jan 8 Nicholas Biddle, American financier, born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (d. 1844)
- Jan 11 Joseph Jackson Lister, British optician who perfected the optical microscope by designing the achromatic objective lens, born in London (d. 1869)
- Jan 12 Sir Robert Inglis, Bt, English politician (d. 1855)
- Jan 23 Auguste de Montferrand, French architect, born in Trocadéro, Paris (d. 1858)
- Jan 26 Benjamin Haydon, British painter (Waiting for The Times), born in Plymouth, England (d. 1846)
- Feb 2 Jacques Philippe Marie Binet, French mathematician (d. 1856)
- Feb 16 Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia (d. 1859)
- Feb 24 Martin W. Bates. U.S. Senator from Delaware (d. 1869)
Wilhelm Grimm (1786-1859)
Feb 24 German story teller (Grimm's Fairy Tales), born in Hanau, Hesse-Cassel, Holy Roman Empire
- Feb 28 François Arago, French astronomer, physicist and politician, born in Estagel, France (d. 1853)
- Mar 25 Giovanni Battista Amici, Italian astronomer, physicist and botanist, born in Modena (d. 1863)
- Apr 7 William Rufus DeVane King, American politician, 13th US Vice President (1853), born in Sampson County, North Carolina (d. 1853)
- Apr 15 Walter Channing, American physician who was the first to use anesthesia during childbirth, born in Newport, Rhode Island (d. 1876)
- Apr 16 John Franklin, English rear admiral and explorer (Arctic), born in Spilsby, Lincolnshire, England (d. 1847)
- Apr 18 Franz Xaver Schnyder von Wartensee, Swiss composer, born in Lucerne, Switzerland (d. 1868)
- May 6 Ludwig Borne [Loeb Baruch], German-Jewish writer, born in Frankfurt (d. 1837)
- May 8 Jean Vianney, French Catholic priest, and eventual saint, born in Dardilly, Lyonnais, Kingdom of France (d. 1859)
- May 8 Thomas Hancock, British engineer, founded British rubber industry, born in Malborough, Wilshire (d. 1865)
- May 15 General Dimitris Plapoutas, a Revolutionary in the Greek War of Independence (d. 1864)
- Jun 13 Winfield Scott, American army general (Union) and presidential candidate, born in Petersburg, Virginia (d. 1866)
- Jun 20 Marceline Desbordes-Valmore, French poet (Bouquets et prières), born in Douai, France (d. 1859)
- Jul 9 Sophie Hélène Béatrix, Princess of France, daughter of Louis XVI of France and Marie Antoinette, born in Palace of Versailles, France (d. 1787)
- Jul 24 Joseph Nicollet, French mathematician and explorer, born in Cluses, Savoy, France (d. 1843)
- Jul 25 Giacomo Cordella, Italian composer, born in Naples, Italy (d. 1846)
- Aug 1 Louis C Luzac, Dutch minister of Internal Affairs, born in Leiden, Netherlands (d. 1861)
Davy Crockett (1786-1836)
Aug 17 American frontiersman, adventurer and politician, born in Greene County, Tennessee
- Aug 17 Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, mother of Queen Victoria, born in Coburg, Holy Roman Empire (d. 1861)
- Aug 25 Ludwig I, King of Bavaria (1825-48), born in Strasbourg, France (d. 1868)
- Sep 10 Nicolás Bravo, Mexican politician and soldier, born in Chilpancingo, Mexico (d. 1854)
- Sep 10 William Mason, American politician, born in Lebanon, Connecticut (d. 1860)
- Sep 11 Friedrich Kuhlau, German-Danish opera composer (Elves Hall), born in Lüneburg, Lower Saxony (now Germany) (d. 1832)
- Sep 18 Christian VIII, King of Denmark (1839-1848) and King of Norway (1814), born in Copenhagen, Denmark (d. 1848)
- Sep 18 Justinus Kerner, German physician and medical writer (first detailed description of botulism), born in Ludwigsburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany (d. 1862)
- Sep 27 José Mariano Elízaga, Mexican composer, born in Morelia, Mexico (d. 1842)
- Sep 29 Guadalupe Victoria, Mexican independence leader, 1st President of Mexico (1824-29), born in Tamazula, New Spain (d. 1843)
- Oct 7 Louis-Joseph Papineau, Canadian lawyer and politician (d. 1871)
- Oct 11 Stevenson Archer, American judge and Congressmen from Maryland, born in Churchville, Maryland (d. 1848)
- Oct 30 Philippe-Joseph Aubert de Gaspé, French Canadian writer, born in Quebec City, Quebec (d. 1871)
- Nov 7 Francisco Andrevi y Castellar, Spanish choirmaster and composer, born in Sanaüja, Spain (d. 1853)
- Nov 10 Carl Eberwein, German composer and violinist, born in Weimar, Germany (d. 1868)
- Nov 12 John Burke, Irish genealogist (Burke's Peerage) (d. 1848)
Carl Maria von Weber (1786-1826)
Nov 18 German pianist, romantic composer (Der Freischutz; Oberon), and lithographer, born in Eutin, Bishopric of Lübeck, Holy Roman Empire (now Germany)
- Nov 18 Henry Bishop, British composer and conductor, born in London (d. 1855)
- Dec 5 Henry Drummond, English banker and religious leader, born in The Grange, Hampshire (d. 1860)
- Dec 12 William L. Marcy, American statesman, born in Southbridge, Massachusetts (d. 1857)
- Dec 15 Edward Coles, American anti-slavery advocate and politician (Governor of Illinois, 1822-26), born in Albemarle County, Virginia (d. 1868)
- Dec 20 Pietro Raimondi, Italian composer, born in Rome, Italy (d. 1853)