Famous People Born in 1856

Emil Kraepelin (1856-1926)

Feb 15 German psychiatrist who developed a classification system for mental illness, born in Munich, Germany

Feb 16 Rudolph Karstadt, German entrepreneur and owner of chain of shops (Karstadt Warenhaus AG) (d. 1944)
Feb 16 Willem Kes, Dutch violinist, composer and conductor (Concertgebouw Orchestra), born in Dordrecht, Netherlands (d. 1934)
Feb 21 Hendrik Petrus Berlage, Dutch architect (Stock exchange Amsterdam), born in Amsterdam, Netherlands (d. 1934)
Mar 1 Florimond Fonteyne, Belgian priest and politician (Volkseeuw), born in Houtem (d. 1923)
Mar 4 Alfred William Rich, English painter (d. 1921)
Mar 4 Toru Dutt, English and French poet and author (d. 1877)
Mar 7 Matilde Serao, Italian writer and journalist (Land of Cockayne, 1st woman to edit Italian newspaper), born in Patras, Greece (d. 1927)
Mar 8 Bramwell Booth, 2nd General of The Salvation Army, born in Halifax, England (d. 1929)
Mar 8 Tom Roberts, British-Australian artist (Shearing the Rams), born in Dorchester, Dorset, England (d. 1931)
Mar 9 Eddie Foy Sr. [Edwin Fitzgerald], Irish-American actor, singer and dancer (A Favorite Fool), born in Manhattan, New York (d. 1928)
Mar 16 Napoléon IV, Prince Imperial, Head of the House of Bonaparte (1873-79), born in Paris, French Empire (d. 1879)
Mar 17 Mikhail Vrubel, Russian painter (d. 1910)

Frederick Winslow Taylor (1856-1915)

Mar 20 American mechanical engineer and the father of scientific management, born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Mar 20 Sir John Lavery, Irish artist (d. 1941)

Henry Ossian Flipper (1856-1940)

Mar 21 American soldier, former slave and first African American to graduate from the United States Military Academy at West Point in 1877, born in Thomasville, Georgia

Mar 26 David Alfred Thomas, 1st Viscount Rhondda, Welsh coal-mining entrepreneur, born in Ysgyborwen, Wales (d. 1918)
Apr 1 Acacio Gabriel Viegas, Indian physician who identified the plague in Bombay, born in Apora, Portuguese India (d. 1933)
Apr 2 Tommy Bond, Irish baseball pitcher and right fielder (Triple Crown 1877; Boston Red Caps; first man born in Ireland to play MLB), born in Granard, Ireland (d. 1941)

Booker T. Washington (1856-1915)

Apr 5 American education pioneer and 1st African American on a US stamp, born in Hale's Ford, Virginia

Apr 11 Arthur Shrewsbury, English cricket batsman (23 Tests [7 captain]; 1277 runs @ 35 47; Nottinghamshire), born in New Lenton, England (d. 1903)
Apr 11 Constantly Lievens, Flemish missionary in India, born in Moorslede, Belgium (d. 1893)
Apr 12 William Conway, 1st Baron Conway of Allington, English historian and explorer (Spitzbergen), born in Rochester, Kent (d. 1937)
Apr 14 Therese Zamara, Austrian harpist and music teacher, born in Vienna, Austria (d. 1927)
Apr 22 [Marie] Louise Hens, Flemish actress (Two Orphans) (d. 1939)

Philippe Pétain (1856-1951)

Apr 24 French marshal and Chief of the French State (1940-44), born in Cauchy-à-la-Tour, France

Apr 26 Joseph Ward, 17th Prime Minister of New Zealand (1906-12), born in Melbourne, Victoria Colony (d. 1930)

Robert Peary (1856-1920)

May 6 American arctic explorer who claimed to have 1st reached geographic North Pole (Apr 6 1909), born in Cresson, Pennsylvania

Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)

May 6 Austrian neurologist and father of psychology, born in Freiberg, Austrian Empire

May 13 Peter Henry Emerson, British writer and photographer (1st to promote photography as an independent art), born on La Palma Estate plantation, Cuba (d. 1936)
May 13 Tom O'Rourke, American boxing manager (George Dixon, Barbados Joe Walcott, George Gardner, Tom Sharkey), born in Boston, Massachusetts (d. 1938)
May 15 (Lyman) L. Frank Baum, American children's book author (The Wonderful Wizard of Oz), born in Chittenango, New York (d. 1919)
May 20 Henri E Cross [Delacroix], French painter
May 25 Louis Franchet d'Espèrey, French general during WWI, born in Mostaganem, French Algeria (d. 1942)
May 26 George Templeton Strong, American composer, born in NYC, New York (d. 1948)
Jun 8 Natalia Janotha, Polish pianist and composer, born in Warsaw, Poland (d. 1932)
Jun 14 Andrey Markov, Russian mathematician (Markov Chain), born in Ryazan, Russian Empire (d. 1922)
Jun 19 Elbert Hubbard, American editor, publisher and author (Message to Garcia), born in Bloomington, Illinois (d. 1915)
Jun 22 Henry Rider Haggard, British author (King Solomon's Mines, She, Dawn), born in Bradenham, England (d. 1925)
Jun 30 Gerrit Kalff, Dutch professor (history of Dutch writers), born in Zwolle, Netherlands (d. 1923)
Jul 6 Edward Anseele, Belgian socialist politician, born in Ghent, Belgium (d. 1938)
Jul 9 Daniel Guggenheim, American mining magnate and philanthropist, born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (d. 1930)

Nikola Tesla (1856-1943)

Jul 10 Serbian-American physicist, electrical engineer and inventor who developed alternating current and the Tesla Coil, born in Smiljan, Austrian Empire (now Croatia)

Jul 15 Owen Dunell, South African cricket batsman (South Africa's 1st Test captain; 2 Tests), born in Port Elizabeth, South Africa (d. 1929)
Jul 21 Harry A P Eyres, British diplomat (Constantinople, Albania)
Jul 21 Louise Blanchard Bethune, 1st American woman architect, born in Waterloo, New York (d. 1915)
Jul 23 Arthur H. Bird, American composer, born in Cambridge, Massachusetts (d. 1923)
Jul 23 Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Indian early nationalist leader, born in Ratnagiri, British India (d. 1920)
Jul 24 Charles Émile Picard, French mathematician, born in Paris (d. 1941)

George Bernard Shaw (1856-1950)

Jul 26 Irish dramatist (Pygmalion, Nobel Prize for Literature 1925), born in Dublin, Ireland

Jul 30 Richard Haldane, British viscount and lord-chancellor (Life of A Smith), born in Edinburgh, Scotland (d. 1928)
Aug 1 George Coulthard, Australian rules footballer (Victoria; Carlton FC) and cricket all-rounder (1 Test; Victoria CA), born in Melbourne, Australia (d. 1883)

Alfred Deakin (1856-1919)

Aug 3 Second Prime Minister of Australia (3 terms between 1903-10), born in Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia

Edward L. Doheny (1856-1935)

Aug 10 American oil tycoon who drilled the 1st successful oil well in Los Angeles and set off the California oil boom, born in Fond du lac, Wisconsin

Aug 10 Paul Geisler, composer
Aug 10 William Willett, British inventor of Daylight Saving Time, born in Farnham, Surrey, England
Aug 12 "Diamond Jim" Brady, American financier (d. 1917)
Aug 15 J. Keir Hardie, Scottish politician and 1st Labour representative in British Parliament, born in Lanarkshire, Scotland (d. 1915)
Aug 17 Violet Paget [Vernon Lee], British author (Satan the master)
Aug 18 Charles H. Gabriel, American Gospel composer, born in Wilton, Iowa (d. 1932)
Aug 18 Jan Karol Gall, Polish conductor an composer of mostly vocal pieces (Mizerna, cicha), born in Warsaw (d. 1912)
Aug 20 Jakub Bart-Ćišinski, Sorbian writer, born in Panschwitz-Kuckau, Germany (d. 1909)
Aug 24 Felix Mottl, Austrian conductor and composer (Agnes Bernauer), born in Unter-St.-Veit, Austria (d. 1911)
Aug 27 Iwan Franko, Ukrainian writer and political activist, born in Nahuievychi, Galicia (d. 1916)
Aug 30 Carle David Tolmé Runge, German mathematician and physicist, born in Bremen, Germany (d. 1927)
Aug 31 Nikoghayos Fadeyi Tigranyan, Armenian composer, born in Gyumri, Armenia (d. 1951)
Sep 1 Sergei Winogradsky, Russian scientist (d. 1953)
Sep 2 Yang Hsiu-ch'ing, commander in chief of Taiping Rebellion

Louis Sullivan (1856-1924)

Sep 3 American architect (father of skyscrapers), born in Boston, Massachusetts

Sep 12 Johann Heinrich Beck, American composer, born in Cleveland, Ohio (d. 1924)
Sep 23 William Archer, Scotland, writer (Green Goddess)
Sep 28 Edward Herbert Thompson, American diplomat and archaeologist (Mayan civilization), born in Worcester, Massachusetts (d. 1935)
Sep 28 Kate Douglas Wiggin, American author (Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm), born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (d. 1923)
Sep 30 Andrejs Jurjans, Latvian composer, born in Ērgļi, Governorate of Livonia, Russian Empire (d. 1922)

Timothy Thomas Fortune (1856-1928)

Oct 3 American orator, civil rights leader, writer and publisher (New York Age), born in Marianna, Florida

Oct 9 Sylvain Dupuis, Belgian conductor, composer, and music educator (Le Chant de la Création), born in Liège, Belgium (d. 1931)
Oct 15 Robert Nivelle, French military officer, born in Tulle, France (d. 1924)
Oct 25 Dragutin Gorjanovic-Kramberger, Croatian paleontologist (discovery and descriptions of the Neandertal remains from the Huŝnjakova rock shelter at Krapina in northwestern Croatia), born in Zagreb, Croatia (d. 1936)
Oct 28 Franz Xavier Arens, American composer, born in Neef, Germany (d. 1932)
Nov 3 Jim McCormick, Scottish-born American baseball pitcher and manager (first Scot in MLB; NL wins leader 1880, 82; NL ERA leader 1883), born in Thornliebank, Renfrewshire (d. 1918)
Nov 6 Nikolaĭ Nikolaevich, Grand Duke of Russia, born in St. Petersburg, Russian Empire (d. 1929)
Nov 7 Semyon Alapin, Russian chess master, born in St. Petersburg, Russian Empire (d. 1923)
Nov 13 Louis Brandeis, American lawyer and associate justice on the Supreme Court of the United States, born in Louisville, Kentucky (d. 1941)
Nov 13 Sigwart Aspestrand, Norwegian composer, born in Fredrikshald, Norway (d. 1941)
Nov 18 Nicholas Nikolaevich Romanov, Grand Duke of Russia and general in World War I (1914-18), born in St. Petersburg, Russian Empire (d. 1929)
Nov 22 Heber J. Grant, 7th President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, born in Salt Lake City, Utah (d. 1945)
Nov 25 Sergei Taneyev, Russian pianist and composer (Oresteia), born in Vladimir, Russia (d. 1915)
Nov 28 Alexander Kastalsky, Russian composer, born in Moscow (d. 1926)
Nov 29 Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg, Chancellor of the German Empire (1909-17), born in Hohenfinow, Kingdom of Prussia (d. 1921)
Dec 2 Robert Kajanus, Finnish conductor and composer, born in Helsingfors, Finland, Russian Empire (d. 1933)
Dec 7 Wilfred Flowers, English cricket all-rounder (8 Tests; Nottinghamshire CCC), born in Calverton, Nottinghamshire (d. 1926)
Dec 11 Georgy Valentinovich Plekhanov, Russian revolutionary theorist, born in Gudalovka, Russia (d. 1918)
Dec 13 Svetozar Boroević, Austro-Hungarian field marshal, born in Umetić, Croatian Military Frontier, Austrian Empire (d. 1920)
Dec 18 Graciano López Jaena, Filipino journalist (La Solidaridad), orator, social reformist, and national hero, born in Jaro, Captaincy General of the Philippines, Spanish Empire (d. 1896)

J. J. Thomson (1856-1940)

Dec 18 English physicist who discovered the electron (Nobel 1906), born in Manchester, England

Frank Kellogg (1856-1937)

Dec 22 American politician and diplomat (US Secretary of State, 1925-29), tried to outlaw war (Kellogg–Briand Pact: Nobel Peace Prize, 1929), born in Potsdam, New York

Dec 25 Hans von Bartels, German painter (d. 1913)
Dec 25 James "Pud" Galvin, American Baseball HOF pitcher (MLB's first 300-game winner; no-hitters 1880, 84; Buffalo Bisons), born in St. Louis, Missouri (d. 1902)
Dec 27 André Gedalge, French composer (le Petit Savoyard, Phoebé) and Mayor of Chessy, Seine-et-Marne, born in Paris, France (d. 1926)

Woodrow Wilson (1856-1924)

Dec 28 28th President of the United States (Democrat: 1913-21) and 1919 Nobel Peace Prize Laureate, born in Staunton City, Virginia

Dec 29 Thomas J Stieltjes, Dutch mathematician (Stieltjes integral), born in Zwolle, Netherlands (d. 1894)

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