- Feb 15 Wilhelm Fabry, German surgeon (Father of German surgery), dies at 73
- Feb 25 Albrecht von Wallenstein Bohemian general and statesman (Thirty Years War) assassinated at 50
- May 12 George Chapman, English dramatist/interpreter, dies
- May 15 Hendrick Avercamp, Dutch painter (b. 1585)
- Jun 22 Johann von Aldringen, Austrian field marshal (b. 1588)
- Jun 25 John Marston, English poet and playwright (b. 1576)
- Aug 9 Pieter I de Jode, Flemish publisher, dies
- Aug 9 William Noy, English jurist (b. 1577)
- Aug 18 Urbain Grandier, French priest (b. 1590)
- Sep 3 Edward Coke, English Chief Justice and politician (defended common law), dies at 82
- Oct 31 Erasmus Widmann, German composer, dies at 62
- Nov 15 Johann Staden, German composer, dies at 53
- Dec 29 John Albert Vasa, Polish bishop, dies at 22