- Jan 14 Casparus Barleaus, Flemish theologist/poet (Muiderkring), dies at 63
- Jan 23 Francisco de Rojas Zorrilla, Spanish playwright (Del Rey Abajo Ninguno), dies at 40
- Feb 2 George Abbot, English writer
- Feb 21 Christian IV, king of Denmark/Norway, dies
- Feb 28 Christian IV of Denmark, King of Denmark and Norway (1588-1648), dies at 70
- Mar 12 Tirso de Molina, Spanish Baroque dramatist, poet and Roman Catholic monk (The Trickster of Seville and the Stone Guest), dies at about 63
- Mar 14 Ferdinando Fairfax, 2nd Lord Fairfax of Cameron, English general, dies at 63
- Apr 11 Matthäus Appelt, German composer, dies at 53
- Apr 22 Catharina Belgian van Nassau, daughter of Willem, dies at 69
- Apr 26 Christoph Thomas Walliser, composer, dies at 79
- May 20 Władysław IV Vasa, King of Poland (1632-48), dies of kidney stones at 52
- May 23 Luis de Nain, painter, dies
- May 26 Vincent Voiture, French poet (b. 1597)
- Jul 4 Antoine Daniel, French Jesuit missionary, one of the Canadian Martyrs (b. 1601)
- Jul 31 Benedictus J van Haeften, poet (Regia thru Crucis), dies at about 60
- Aug 12 Ibrahim I, Ottoman Sultan (b. 1615)
- Aug 20 Edward Herbert of Cherbury, English military/philosopher, dies at 65
- Sep 1 Marin Mersenne, French mathematician (Number of Mersenne), dies at 59
- Sep 20 Ivan Lukačić, Croatian composer, dies at 61
- Nov 17 Thomas Ford, composer, dies