- Jan 8 Giovanni Battista Gagliano, Italian composer, dies at 56
- Jan 13 Abraham Bloemaert, Dutch painter, cartoonist, printmaker, and engraver, dies at 86
- Apr 7 Lennart Torstenson, Swedish soldier and engineer (b. 1603)
- Jun 16 Marsilio Casentini, Italian composer, dies at 74
- Aug 27 Jacob Backer, Dutch painter, dies at about 43
- Sep 2 Kösem Sultan, Greek-born influential consort of Ottoman Ahmed I and mother to Sultans Murad IV and Ibrahim, murdered on orders on the Chief Eunuch at 61 or 62
- Sep 27 Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria, dies at 78
- Oct 6 Heinrich Albert, German composer (Arien oder Melodien), and poet, dies at 47
- Oct 7 Jacques Sirmond, French scholar and Jesuit, dies at 92
- Oct 8 Isaac Elsevier, Dutch book publisher (House of Elzevir), dies at 55
- Oct 10 Philippus Rovenius, Dutch Catholic vicar (led Catholic church in Netherlands), dies at 77
- Oct 15 James Stanley 7th Earl of Derby, English aristocrat who fought on the Royalist side during English Civil War, executed for treason after being captured by Roundhead forces at 44
- Oct 22 Jacob Praetorius, German Baroque organist, composer, and pedagogue, dies at 65
- Oct 27 Jan III van Foreest, Dutch lawyer, poet and mayor of Hoorn, dies at 65
- Nov 20 Mikołaj Potocki, Polish soldier who fought Cossack rebellions, dies at about 56
- Nov 26 Henry Ireton, English general and parliament leader (Marston Moor), dies at 40
- Dec 1 Cristóbal de Isla Diego, Spanish Baroque composer and conductor, dies at 65
- Dec 6 Anna Roemers Visscher, Dutch poet, dies at 68
- Dec 14 Pierre Dupuy, French historian & scholar, dies at 69
- Dec 17 Wolfgang Schonsleder, Germany composer and clergyman, dies at 81
- Dec 18 Francisco the Melo, Portuguese-Spanish earl of Assumar, dies at 54