- Jan 18 Moses Amyraut, French theologian (b. 1596)
- Apr 4 Adam Willaerts, Dutch seascape painter, dies
- Apr 8 Juan Gutiérrez de Padilla, Spanish-Mexican Baroque classical composer, dies at about 73
- May 21 Elizabeth Poole, English born Puritan American settler, first woman to found a town (Taunton), dies at 65
- Jul 12 Stefano della Bella, Italian printmaker (b. 1610)
- Jul 16 Andreas Gryphius, German lyric poet and dramatist, dies at 47
- Aug 24 Maria Cunitz, Silesian astronomer (Urania propitia), dies at about 54
- Aug 27 Francisco Zurbarán, Spanish painter, dies at 65
- Oct 31 Willem Frederik of Nassau-Dietz, viceroy of Friesland, dies at 51