- Jan 3 George Monck, English general(-to the-sea), dies at 61
- Jan 21 Honorat de Brueil seigneur de Racan, French playwright, dies at 80
- Jan 25 Nicholas II, Duke of Lorraine (b. 1612)
- Feb 9 Frederik III, King of Denmark/Norway (1648-70), dies at 60
- Feb 9 King Frederick III of Denmark (1648-70), dies at 60
- Mar 10 Johann Rudolf Glauber, German chemist (b. 1604)
- Mar 15 John Davenport, Puritan clergyman and cofounder of the New Haven Colony, dies at 72
- Apr 23 Loreto Vittori, Italian composer and mezzo-soprano singer, dies at 69
- May 21 Niccolo Zucchi, Italian astronomer (b. 1586)
- May 23 Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b. 1610)
- May 24 Ferdinand II, ruler of Toscane, dies at 59
- Jun 30 Henrietta Anne Stuart, Princess of England, Scotland, and Ireland (b. 1644)
- Sep 16 William Penn, English admiral and politician, father of the founder of the Province of Pennsylvania, dies at 49
- Oct 27 Vavasor Powell, Welsh non-conformist leader (b. 1617)
- Nov 10 Geory Horn, [Hornius], theologist/historian, dies at about 50
- Nov 15 John Amos Comenius, Czech-speaking Moravian teacher, educator and writer, dies at 78
- Dec 16 Dorothy, 1st English marquis of Halifax, dies