- Jan 11 Johann Georg Graevius, German classical scholar and critic (b. 1632)
- Jan 16 Matteo Coferati, composer, dies at 64
- Jan 30 Kiva Yoshinaka, Japanese retainer for the Shogun, murdered in the revenge of the 47 rōnin
- Mar 20 Johann Kunckel/Kunkel, German alchemist/ambassador to Sweden, dies
- Mar 31 Johann Christoph Bach, German harpsichordist and composer, dies at 60
- Apr 20 Lancelot Addison, English royal chaplain (b. 1632)
- Apr 26 Georg Christoph Leuttner, German composer, dies at 58
- May 3 Eglon van de Down, still-life painter, dies
Charles Perrault (1628-1703)
May 16 French author and fairy tale writer (Tales of Mother Goose), dies at 75
- May 21 Roemer Vlacq, Dutch admiral, dies in battle
Samuel Pepys (1633-1703)
May 26 English navy administrator and Member of Parliament famous for his Diary of the English Restoration period, dies at 70
- Jun 14 Jean Herauld Gourville, French adventurer, dies at 77
- Jun 15 Gillis Schey, Dutch admiral (battle at Lowestoft), dies at 58
- Sep 20 Archibald Campbell, 1st Duke of Argyll, Scottish privy councillor, dies at 52
- Sep 22 Vincenzo Viviani, Italian mathematician (Viviani's theorem), dies at 81
- Sep 29 Charles de Saint-Évremond, French soldier who fled to exile in England and man of letters, dies at 90
- Oct 3 Pieter van Wooden, Amersfoorts rebel leader, beheaded
- Oct 3 Richard Saab, Amersfoorts rebel leader, beheaded
- Oct 14 Thomas Hansen Kingo, Danish poet (b. 1634)
John Wallis (1616-1703)
Oct 28 English mathematician and cryptographer who introduced ∞ as a symbol for infinity, dies at 86
