- Jan 7 Česlav Vaňura, Czech composer, dies at 41
- Jan 17 Matthäus Daniel Pöppelmann, German architect, dies at 73
- Jan 31 Filippo Juvarra, Italian architect, dies at 57
- Feb 7 Stephen Gray, English astronomer and scientist (b. 1666)
- Mar 16 Giovanni Battista Pergolesi [Draghi], Italian Baroque organist, composer (Il Prigioniero Superbo; La serva padrona (The Maid Turned Mistress); Stabat Mater), dies from tuberculosis at 26 [some sources indicate date as 17th]
- Mar 25 Nicholas Hawksmoor, English Baroque architect (known for his church architecture including the towers of Westminster Abbey), dies (b. 1661)
- Mar 26 Georg Balthasar Schott, German composer, dies at 49
- Apr 8 Pedro Vaz Rego, Portuguese composer, dies at 63
- Apr 21 Prince Eugene of Savoy, French-born Austrian field marshal in the Holy Roman Empire and for the Habsburg Monarchy against the Ottomans and the French, dies at 72 [1]
- Apr 30 Johann Albert Fabricius, German classical scholar and bibliographer, dies at 67
- May 2 Albert Seba, Amsterdam pharmacist, dies at 71
- May 7 John Weldon, English composer, dies at 60
- Jul 1 Ahmed III, 23rd Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1703-30), dies at 62
- Jul 16 Thomas Yalden, poet/fable writer, dies
Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686-1736)
Sep 16 Dutch-German-Polish physicist, inventor and scientific instrument maker, who invented the thermometer and the Fahrenheit scale, dies at 50
- Sep 19 Feofan Prokopovich, Russian Orthodox theologian and Archbishop of Novgorod, dies at 55
- Dec 1 Simon van Slingelandt, Dutch grand pensionary (1727-36), dies at 72
- Dec 10 António Manoel de Vilhena, Portuguese ruler of Malta (b. 1663)
- Dec 21 Alessandro Galilei, Italian architect (Cappella Corsini), dies at 45
- Dec 26 Antonio Caldara, composer, dies
Assassination
Drug Overdose
Gunshot Wound
Murder
Plane Crash
Suicide