- Jan 7 Ramón Cuéllar y Altarriba, Spanish composer, dies at 55
- Jan 10 Adrien-Marie Legendre, French mathematician (worked on elliptic integrals), dies at 80
- Jan 10 António da Silva Leite, Portuguese composer, dies at 73
- Jan 12 Marie-Antoine Carême, French chef (b. 1784)
- Jan 14 Seraphim of Sarov, Russian Orthodox Saint, dies at 73
- Jan 15 Banastre Tarleton, British soldier and politician (Waxhaws Massacre), dies at 78
- Jan 17 James Ball Antyne, Scot founder (Ball Antyne Press), dies at about 60
- Jan 17 William Rush, American sculptor (Spirit of the Schuylkill), dies at 76
- Jan 19 (Louis Joseph) Ferdinand Hérold, French pianist, violinist, and composer of over twenty operas, dies from tuberculosis at 41
- Jan 23 Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth, British admiral (b. 1757)
- Feb 6 Pierre André Latreille, French entomologist (first detailed classification of crustaceans and insects), dies at 70
- Feb 18 Georg Johann Schinn, German composer, dies at 64
- Feb 18 Ignac Ruzitska, Austrian composer, dies at 55
- Mar 7 Rahel Varnhagen von Ense-Levin, German literary hostess, dies at 61
- Mar 11 Fridolin Weber, composer, dies at 71
- Apr 6 Adamántios Koraïs, Greek humanist scholar, dies at 84
- Apr 7 Antoni Radziwiłł, Polish-Lithuanian politician, cellist, and composer, dies at 57
- Apr 22 Richard Trevithick, English inventor (steam locomotive), dies at 62
- May 10 François Andrieux, French playwright, dies at 74
- May 14 Johann Wilhelm Cornelius von Konigslow, composer, dies at 88
- May 15 Edmund Kean, British Shakespearean actor (Edmund Kean's Masonic Career), dies at 46
- May 24 John Randolph [of Roanoke], American planter, Congressman (Virginia) and Minister to Russia, dies of tuberculosis at 59
- May 28 Johann Christian Friedrich Haeffner, German-Swedish organist, choirmaster, conductor, and composer, dies at 74
- May 29 William Marshall, Scottish fiddle composer (strathspeys The Marchioness of Huntly), dies at 84
- May 30 Josef Slavik, Czech composer, dies at 27
- Jun 2 Simon Byrne, Irish bare-knuckle boxer (Irish heavyweight champion), dies as a result of boxing match injuries at 27
- Jun 20 Philip Knapton, composer, dies at 44
- Jun 23 Nikolaus Paul Zmeskall, composer, dies at 73
- Jul 2 Gervasio Antonio de Posadas, Argentine politician and 1st Supreme Director of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata, dies at 76
- Jul 5 Nicéphore Niépce, French inventor (b. 1765)
- Jul 18 Joseph Comb, missionary to Moluccas, dies at 63
- Jul 20 Ninian Edwards, American politician (Governor of Illinois Territory, 1809–1813; U.S. Senator from Illinois, 1818–1824; Governor of Illinois 1826–1830), dies of cholera at 58
- Jul 27 Bartolomea Capitanio, Italian teacher, co-foundress of the Sisters of Charity of Lovere, and saint, dies of tuberculosis at 26
- Jul 27 William Bainbridge, American naval officer, dies at 59
William Wilberforce
Jul 29 William Wilberforce, English abolitionist, dies at 73
- Aug 3 Stoffel Muller, Dutch sect leader, dies
- Aug 14 Luigi Cagnola, architect, dies
- Aug 24 Adrian Hardy Haworth, English entomologist and botanist, dies at 65
- Sep 27 Ram Mohan Roy, Hindu reformer who helped found Brahmo Sabha, a social-religious reform movement, dies at 61
- Sep 28 Lemuel Haynes, Revolutionary War veteran, dies at 88
- Sep 29 Ferdinand VII, King of Spain, dies at 48
- Oct 15 Michał Ogiński, Polish politician, violinist, balalaika player, and composer (Farewell to My Homeland), dies at 68
- Oct 25 Abbas Mirza, Crown Prince of Qājār dynasty of Iran, introduced Western military techniques, dies at 44
- Oct 27 Ferdinand Franzl, composer, dies at 66
- Oct 30 Pieter G Witsen Geysbeek, historian/literary, dies at 58
- Nov 8 Maximilian Stadler, Austrian pianist and composer and Benedictine monk, dies at 85
- Dec 10 Dieudonne-Pascal Pieltain, Belgian composer, dies at 79
- Dec 16 Friedrich August Kanne, Austrian-German composer, dies at 55
- Dec 17 Kaspar Hauser, German son of grand duke Karel of Bathe (who claimed to have grown up in the total isolation of a darkened cell), murdered at 21