- 2 Venus and Jupiter in conjunction - possible astrological explanation for Star of Bethlehem
Event of Interest
573 Gregory of Tours selected bishop of Tours
Gregory of Tours
- 1391 Konrad von Wallenrode becomes the 24th Hochmeister of the Teutonic Order.
- 1534 Turkish admiral Chaireddin "Barbarossa" occupies Tunis
- 1566 Iconoclasm reaches Antwerp, Belgium
- 1597 1st Dutch East India Company ships return from the Far East
- 1604 Spanish garrison of Sluis surrenders to count Maurice
- 1612 9 Pendle witches hanged at Gallows Hill in Lancaster, England
- 1619 1st known African Americans in English North America (approx. 20) land at Point Comfort (Fort Monroe), Virginia. They are then sold or traded into servitude.
- 1641 England & Scotland sign Treaty of Pacification
- 1648 Battle of Lens: French Duc d'Enghien defeats Spaniards
- 1672 Former Grand Pensionary Johan de Witt and his brother Cornelis are brutally murdered by an angry mob in The Hague.
- 1741 Alaska first sighted by Danish explorer Vitus Bering at head of Russian expedition
Event of Interest
1781 George Washington begins to move his troops south to fight Cornwallis
George Washington
Victory in Battle
1794 Battle of Fallen Timbers: Major General "Mad Anthony" Wayne defeats a joint British-Native American force at Fallen Timbers, Ohio in the final battle of the Northwest Indian War
Anthony Wayne
- 1795 Joseph Haydn returns to Vienna from England
- 1828 Gioacchino Rossini's opera "Le Comte Ory" premieres in Paris
- 1828 Hindi reform movement Brahmo Samaj founded by Ram Mohan Roy and Dwarkanath Tagore in Calcutta
- 1856 Wilberforce University forms in Ohio
- 1861 Skirmish at Jonesboro, MO
- 1864 8th/last day of battle at Deep Bottom Run Va (about 3,900 casualties)
Event of Interest
1865 President Andrew Johnson proclaims an end to "insurrection" in Texas
Andrew Johnson
- 1866 President Andrew Johnson formally declares US Civil War over
- 1879 Government Kappeijne of Coppello resigns
Event of Interest
1882 Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's "1812 Overture" debuts in Moscow
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
Event of Interest
1886 Second Salon exhibition by Society of Independent Artists held in Paris; includes Georges Seurat's "A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte"
Georges Seurat
- 1888 Longest US men's single tennis tournament match Palmer Presbrey defeats T S Tailer, 19-21, 8-6, 6-1, 6-4, an 80 game 1st-round contest
- 1892 The Transvaal National Union, a political organisation, is set up with J. Tudhope as president
- 1893 Shechita (ritual slaughtering) prohibited in Switzerland
- 1896 Dial telephone patented
- 1900 Great Britain beats France in cricket in Olympic Games
- 1900 Japan's primary school law is amended to provide for four years of mandatory schooling.
- 1901 The Fawcett Commission visits Mafeking concentration camp in Cape Colony
Event of Interest
1905 Sun Yat-sen, Chinese revolutionary, forms the first chapter of T'ung Meng Hui, a union of all secret societies determined to bringing down the Manchus
Sun Yat-sen
- 1908 Congo Free State becomes Belgian Congo
Great White Fleet
1908 America's Great White Fleet arrives in Sydney, Australia, to be greeted with a tremendous welcome; 221 American sailors desert to remain in Australia
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- 1910 US supported opposition brings down Madriz in Nicaragua
- 1912 Plant Quarantine Act goes into effect
- 1912 Wash Senator Carl Cushion no-hits Cleveland Indians, 2-0 in 6 innings
- 1913 1st pilot to parachute from an aircraft (Adolphe Pégoud, France)
- 1913 Piotr Nesterow 1st flight (Kiev Ukraine)
- 1914 German General von Bulow executes 211 Belgians
- 1914 -24] Battle of Bounderies: Lorraine, Ardennen, Sambre & Meuse, Mons
- 1914 Battle at Gumbinnen, East-Prussia: Russians beat Germans
- 1914 Battle at Morhange: German troops chase French, killing thousands
- 1914 Bavarian troops kill 50 inhabitants of Nomeny, France
- 1914 German army captured Brussels as the Belgian army retreated to Antwerp
- 1915 White Sox obtain Joe Jackson from Cleve in exchange for Robert Roth, Larry Chappell, Ed Klepfer, & $31,500
- 1918 WWI: Britain opens offensive on Western front
- 1919 Wichita outfielder Joe Wilhoit (Western League) fails to get a hit, ending a 69-game streak (155 hits in 299 at bats for a .505 avg)
- 1920 American Professional Football Association forms, which would later become the National Football League (NFL)
- 1920 1st US commercial radio station, 8MK (WWJ), Detroit begins daily broadcasting
- 1920 Allen Woodring wins Oympic 200 m dash wearing borrowed shoes
- 1920 Israel publishes its first medical journal "Ha-Refuah"
Event of Interest
1920 Preliminary meeting is conducted in Akron, Ohio to form American Professional Football Association and elect officers, installing Jim Thorpe as president
Jim Thorpe
- 1920 Red Sox-Indians game postponed in Boston to allow Indian players to attend Ray Chapman's funeral in Cleveland
- 1921 US National Championship Women's Tennis, Germantown CC, PA: Molla Bjurstedt Mallory wins her 6th US singles title; beats 3-time champion Mary Browne 4-6, 6-4, 6-2
- 1922 1st world championship athletics for women, held in Paris
- 1923 London dock strike ends
- 1925 WJR-AM in Detroit MI begins radio transmissions
- 1926 Uprising against Rezā Shāh Pahlavi in Iran
- 1926 Japan's public broadcasting company, Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai(NHK) is established.
- 1929 1st airship flight around Earth flying eastward completed
Donald Bradman
- 1930 Dumont's 1st TV broadcast for home reception (NYC)
US Open Women's Tennis
1931 US National Championship Women's Tennis, Forest Hills, NY: Helen Wills Moody beats Eileen Bennett Whittingstall of England 6-4, 6-1 for her 7th and final US singles title
Helen Wills Moody
Baseball Record
1938 Lou Gehrig hits record 23rd & last grand slam
Lou Gehrig
Event of Interest
1940 British PM Churchill says of Royal Air Force, "Never in the field of human conflict was so much owed by so many to so few"
Winston Churchill
Murder of Interest
1940 Louis Buchalter is indicted on murder charges in Los Angeles for the killing of Harry Greenberg, a mob associate of casino owner Meyer Lansky and mobster Bugsy Siegel
PGA Championship
1944 PGA Championship Men's Golf, Manito G & CC: Bob Hamilton wins his only major title, 1 up in the 36-hole final over heavily favoured Byron Nelson
Byron Nelson
- 1944 Gen de Gaulle returns to France
- 1944 Soviet offensive at Jassy & Kisjinev
- 1944 US & British forces destroy German 7th Army at Falaise-Argentan Gap
- 1945 Dodgers Tommy Brown, 17, is youngest player to hit a HR
- 1945 Soviet troops occupy Harbin & Mukden
- 1947 Boston Braves hit a million attendance for 1st time
- 1947 Turner Caldwell in D-558-I sets aircraft speed record, 1131 kph
- 1948 15th NFL Chicago All-Star Game: Chi Cards 28, All-Stars 0 (101,220)
- 1948 US expels Soviet Consul General in New York, Jacob Lomakin
- 1949 78,382 watch White Sox play Indians at Cleveland
- 1949 Hungary (Magyar People's Republic) accepts constitution
- 1950 11th Venice Film Festival: "Justice est faite" directed by Andre Cayatte wins the Golden Lion
Film Awards
1951 12th Venice Film Festival: "Rashomon" directed by Akira Kurosawa wins the Golden Lion
Akira Kurosawa
Meeting of Interest
1952 Soviet leader Joseph Stalin meets Chinese premier Zhou Enlai
Joseph Stalin
Zhou Enlai
Film Awards
1952 13th Venice Film Festival: "Genghis Khan" directed by Manuel Conde wins the Golden Lion
Genghis Khan
Coup d'état
1953 General Fazlollah Zahedi arrests Iranian Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddegh in a CIA supported coup d'état
Mohammad Mosaddegh
- 1953 Russia publicly acknowledges hydrogen bomb test detonation
- 1953 14th Venice Film Festival opens. No Golden Lion awarded
- 1955 Hundreds killed in anti-French rioting in Morocco & Algeria
- 1956 Republicans convene at Cow Palace
- 1957 "Simply Heavenly" opens at Playhouse Theater NYC for 62 performances
- 1957 Chicago White Sox Bob Keegan no-hits Washington Senators, 6-0
- 1957 USAAF balloon breaks an altitude record at 102,000' (310,896 m)
- 1958 Cubs use 1st baseman Dale Long as their 1st major league lefty catcher since 1906
- 1959 Belgium shortens military conscription to 12 months
- 1960 Senegal breaks from Mali federation, declaring independence
- 1960 USSR recovers 2 dogs, 1st living organisms to return from space
- 1961 Phillies set then dubious record of 23 straight loses, beat Braves
- 1961 East Germany begins erecting 5' high wall along the border with the west to replace the barbed wire put up Aug 13
- 1961 22nd Venice Film Festival: "Last Year at Marienbad" directed by Alain Resnais wins Golden Lion
- 1962 USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR
Event of Interest
1964 US President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Economic Opportunity Act, an anti-poverty measure totaling nearly $1 billion
Lyndon B. Johnson
- 1964 Rex Sellers bowls 5-1-17-0 v India in only Test Cricket innings
Event of Interest
1964 Yankee Phil Linz plays harmonica on bus despite Yogi Berra's orders
Yogi Berra
- 1965 Rolling Stones release their single "(I Can't Get No) Satisfaction" (their 1st #1 US hit) in the UK
Baseball Record
1965 Eddie Mathews & Hank Aaron (1954-65) pass Babe Ruth-Lou Gehrig hitting 772 HRs while playing together on the same team
Hank Aaron
- 1966 Beatles pelted with rotten fruit during Memphis concert
- 1967 Alvin Dark (52-69) is fired, rehired, & fired again as manager of A's
- 1967 LPGA Western Open Women's Golf, Pekin CC: Kathy Whitworth wins by 7 strokes from Sandra Haynie
Warsaw Pact Invasion of Czechoslovakia
1968 During the night 250,000 Soviet and Warsaw Pact troops invade Czechoslovakia in response to the Prague Spring
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- 1968 USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR
- 1969 69 cm rainfall in Nelson County, Virginia (state record)
- 1970 -21] Hurricane Dorothy, kills 42 in Martinique
- 1971 FBI begins covert investigation of journalist Daniel Schorr
- 1972 USSR performs underground nuclear test
- 1974 Brooklyn pitcher Dan Bankhead is 1st black to homer in his 1st at bat
Event of Interest
1974 Nelson Rockefeller is selected as US Vice President by President Gerald Ford
Nelson Rockefeller
Gerald Ford
Event of Interest
1974 Nolan Ryan pitch measured at record 161.6 kph (100.4 mph)
Nolan Ryan
Voyager 2 Spacecraft
1977 NASA launches Voyager 2 towards Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus & Neptune
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- 1978 Gunmen open fire on an Israeli El Al Airline bus in London
- 1978 Mark Vinchesi of Amherst Mass keeps a frisbee aloft 15.2 seconds
- 1978 Tatyana Providokhina runs female world record 1k (2:30.6)
- 1979 India premier Charan Singh resigns
- 1979 Singer Vikki Carr & Michael Nilsson wed
- 1979 The East Coast Main Line rail route between England and Scotland is restored when the Penmanshiel Diversion opens.
- 1980 NY Yankee Bob Watson hits Seattle Kingdome speaker, 2nd straight day
- 1980 Pitts Omar Moreno steals record 70 bases for 3rd consecutive season
- 1980 Reinhold Messner of Italy is 1st to solo ascent Mt Everest
- 1980 Cleve Dan Spillner, 545 ERA, is 2 outs from a no-hitter when White Sox rookie Leo Sutherland singles
- 1980 UN Security Council condemns (14-0, US abstains) Israeli declaration that all of Jerusalem is its capital
- 1982 Don Lever becomes first captain of NHL New Jersey Devils
- 1982 US marines land in Beirut Lebanon
- 1983 The South African anti-apartheid umbrella organization, United Democratic Front (UDF) is launched at Rocklands Community Centre in Cape Town, South Afrca
- 1985 1st NL pitcher to strike out 200+ in 1st 2 seasons (Dwight Gooden)
- 1985 Israel ships 96 TOWs to Iran on behalf of US
- 1985 Libya throws out 1000s Tunisian/Egyptian gas workers
- 1985 Met Dwight Gooden strikes out 16 on way to his 13th consecutive win
- 1985 Hanspeter Beck of South Australia, finishes a 3,875 mile, 51 day trip from Western Australia to Melbourne on a unicycle
- 1986 Postal worker Patrick Sherrill shot 14 fellow workers dead in Edmond, Oklahoma
- 1986 Phils Don Carmen perfect game bid is broken in 9th
- 1988 6.5 earthquake strikes India/Nepal, 1,000s killed
- 1988 Yordanka Donkova of Bulgaria sets 100m hurdle woman's record (12.21)
- 1988 "Black Saturday" of the Yellowstone fire in Yellowstone National Park
- 1988 Peru becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty
- 1989 Dredger "Bow Belle" collides with pleasure boat "Marchioness" on the River Thames in central London; the "Marchioness" sinks in 30 seconds, drowning 51
Baseball Record
1989 Howard Johnson joins Barry Bonds & Willie Mays hitting 30 HRs & steal 30 bases
Howard Johnson
Willie Mays
Event of Interest
1990 George Steinbrenner steps down as NY Yankee owner
George Steinbrenner
Event of Interest
1991 Dolphin Dan Marino surpasses Joe Montana as the highest paid NFL player with a 5-year extension for $25 million
Dan Marino
Joe Montana
- 1991 Estonia formally declares its independence from the USSR
- 1991 The United Democratic Front, one of the most prominent anti-apartheid movements, comprising of over 400 workers', church, civic and student organisations, dissolves
- 1992 England get 7-363 in 55 overs vs Pakistan, then world ODI record
- 1993 Colin Jackson runs world record 110m hurdles (12.91)
- 1993 Howard Stern is fired from WLUP-AM, Chicago
Event of Interest
1993 Mother Teresa hospitalized with malaria
Mother Teresa
- 1993 Oslo Peace Accords signed, after secret negotiations in Norway, followed by a public ceremony in Washington, D.C. the following month
- 1994 109.8°F (43.2°C) in Cordoba Spain
- 1994 Archbishop Quarracino wants all homosexuals to leave Argentina
- 1994 Ferry boat sinks at Chandpur Bangladesh, 300-350 killed
- 1994 Vuyani Bungu, the South African junior featherweight, wins the IBF World Boxing Title
- 1995 "The Play's the Thing" closes at Criterion Theater NYC after 75 performances
- 1995 Indians' Jose Mesa sets record with his 37th consecutive save
- 1995 British Open Women's Golf, Woburn, Duke's Course: Australian Karrie Webb scores a 6 stroke win over runners-up Annika Sörenstam and Jill McGill
- 1996 India defeat Pakistan in Under-15 World Challenge Final at Lord's
- 1997 Shelly Moore, 18, of Tenn, crowned 15th Miss Teen USA
- 1997 Souhane massacre in Algeria; over 60 people are killed and 15 kidnapped.
- 1998 The Supreme Court of Canada rules that Quebec cannot legally secede from Canada without the federal government's approval.
- 1998 U.S. embassy bombings: US military launches cruise missile attacks against alleged al-Qaida camps in Afghanistan and a suspected chemical plant in Sudan in retaliation for August 7 bombings of American embassies in Kenya and Tanzania
- 1999 7th Athletics World Championships open at Seville, Spain
- 2000 PGA Championship Men's Golf, Valhalla GC: Tiger Woods becomes first since Ben Hogan (1953) to win 3 majors in a calendar year; wins back-to-back PGA titles in 3-hole playoff with Bob May
- 2002 A group of Iraqis opposed to the regime of Saddam Hussein take over the Iraqi Embassy in Berlin for five hours before releasing their hostages and surrendering.
- 2004 Ethiopian runners Kenenisa Bekele (27:05.10 OR) and Sileshi Sihine go 1-2 in the 10,000m at the Athens Olympics
Olympic Games
2004 American swimmer Michael Phelps wraps up the 100/200m butterfly double at the Athens Olympics when he wins the 100m (51.25 OR) ahead of team mate Ian Croker
Michael Phelps
- 2006 PGA Championship Men's Golf, Medinah CC: Tiger Woods wins his 3rd PGA C'ship by 5 strokes from Shaun Micheel
- 2008 Spanair Flight 5022, from Madrid to Gran Canaria, skids off the runway and crashes at Barajas Airport. 146 people are killed in the crash, 8 more die afterwards. Only 18 people survive.
- 2008 Russian long-distance swimmer Larisa Ilchenko wins inaugural women's open water marathon (10k) in 1:59:27.7 at the Beijing Olympics
World Record
2008 Usain Bolt of Jamaica wraps up the 100/200m double in style with a new 200m world record 19.30 at the Beijing Olympics
Usain Bolt
- 2009 12th Athletics World Championships: Usain Bolt wins 200m
Event of Interest
2011 Senior Players Championship Men's Golf, Westchester CC: Fred Couples wins first of 2 Champions Tour major titles with birdie on 3rd playoff hole against John Cook
Fred Couples
