- Jul 1 Battle at Booneville Mississippi: Confederate superior power driven out
- Jul 1 Battle of Malvern Hill [Poindexter's Farm], day 7 of 7 days battles, Union forces repel Confederate attack, Tactical Union victory (US Civil War)
Event of Interest
Jul 1 Alexander II of Russia grants Jews right to publish books

Alexander II
Event of Interest
Jul 4 Charles Dodgson (Lewis Carroll) creates Alice in Wonderland for Alice Liddell on a family boat trip on the river Isis (Thames) in Oxford

Lewis Carroll
Event of Interest
Jul 8 US Morrill Anti-Bigamy Act signed by Abraham Lincoln (not enforced)

Abraham Lincoln
Event of Interest
Jul 10 US begins construction of Central Pacific Railroad

Collis P. Huntington

Mark Hopkins

Leland Stanford
- Jul 11 Lincoln appoints General Halleck general-in-chief
- Jul 12 US Congress authorizes Medal of Honor
- Jul 12 Federal troops occupy Helena, Arkansas
- Jul 13 Battle of Murfreesboro, fought in Rutherford County, Tennessee begins (Forrest's Raid), Confederate victory (US Civil War)
- Jul 15 CSS Arkansas vs USS Carondelet & Queen of the West engage at Yazoo River
Event of Interest
Jul 16 David Farragut is 1st Rear Admiral in US Navy

David Farragut
- Jul 17 Naval Engagement at Pascagoula River Mississippi: USS Potomac Expedition
- Jul 17 US army authorized to accept African-Americans as laborers
- Jul 17 United army officially divides corps
- Jul 17 John Hunt Morgan's raid reaches Cynthiana, Kentucky
- Jul 18 Battle of Newburgh, Indiana - captured by Union forces
- Jul 20 Guerrilla campaign in Georgia (Porter's & Poindexter's) [->SEP 20]
- Jul 27 Hurricane hits Canton; about 40,000 die
- Jul 27 Steamer "Golden Gate" burns and sinks off west coast of Mexico
- Jul 28 Confederate forces defeated at More's Hill, Missouri