- Jul 1 Battle at Booneville Mississippi: Confederate superior power driven out
- Jul 1 Congress outlaws polygamy for the 1st time
- Jul 1 Battle of Malvern Hill [Poindexter's Farm], day 7 of 7 days battles, Union forces repel Confederate attack, Tactical Union victory (US Civil War)
- Jul 1 Emperor Alexander II grants Jews right to publish books
- Jul 1 US Internal Revenue Law imposes 1st federal taxes on inheritance, tobacco and on incomes over $600 (progressive rate)
- Jul 1 The Russian State Library is founded in Moscow
- Jul 2 Lincoln signs act granting land for state agricultural colleges
Event of Interest
Jul 4 Charles Dodgson (Lewis Carroll) creates Alice in Wonderland for Alice Liddell on a family boat trip on the river Isis (Thames) in Oxford
Lewis Carroll
- Jul 4 R Morgan's: Tomkinsville, KY to Somerset, KY [->JUL 28]
- Jul 6 Skirmish at Devall's Bluff, Arkansas (106 casualties)
- Jul 7 Land Grant Act endows state colleges with federal land
- Jul 8 Theodore R. Timby is granted a US patent for discharging guns in a revolving turret, using electricity
- Jul 9 General John Hunt Morgan captures Tompkinsville, Kentucky
- Jul 10 US begins construction of Central Pacific Railroad
- Jul 11 Lincoln appoints General Halleck general-in-chief
- Jul 12 US Congress authorizes Medal of Honor
- Jul 12 Federal troops occupy Helena, Arkansas
- Jul 13 Battle of Murfreesboro, fought in Rutherford County, Tennessee begins (Forrest's Raid), Confederate victory (US Civil War)
- Jul 15 CSS Arkansas vs USS Carondelet & Queen of the West engage at Yazoo River
Event of Interest
Jul 16 David Farragut is 1st Rear Admiral in US Navy
David Farragut
- Jul 17 Naval Engagement at Pascagoula River Mississippi: USS Potomac Expedition
- Jul 17 US army authorized to accept blacks as laborers
- Jul 17 United army officially divides corps
- Jul 17 John Hunt Morgan's raid reaches Cynthiana, Kentucky
- Jul 18 Battle of Newburgh, Indiana - captured by Union forces
- Jul 20 Guerrilla campaign in Georgia (Porter's & Poindexter's) [->SEP 20]
- Jul 27 Hurricane hits Canton; about 40,000 die
- Jul 27 Steamer "Golden Gate" burns and sinks off west coast of Mexico
- Jul 28 Confederate forces defeated at More's Hill, Mo