Historical Events on July 5

Historic Publication

1687 Isaac Newton's great work Principia published by Royal Society in England, outlining his laws of motion and universal gravitation

Historic Siege

1715 Ottoman troops storm citadel of Acrocorinth in the Peloponnese, massacring a large part of the population and selling the rest into slavery. Inspires Lord Byron's poem "The Siege of Corinth"

1750 Slave revolt on Curacao
1770 First day of three day naval Battle of Chesma between the Russian and Ottoman Empires off the coast of Anatolia won by the Russians

Historic Event

1775 Second Continental Congress drafts the Olive Branch Petition to King George III

1791 Jose Maria Narvaez discovers Point Grey (now Vancouver, British Columbia)
1803 The convention of Artlenburg leads to the French occupation of Hanover (which had been ruled by the British king)
1807 Second Battle of Buenos Aires lost by invading British forces

Venezuela Declares Independence

1811 Venezuelan Declaration of Independence: 7 provinces declare themselves independent of Spain

A painting by Martin Tovar y Tovar depicting Venezuelan deputies signing the declaration

1813 War of 1812: Three weeks of British raids on Fort Schlosser, Black Rock and Plattsburgh, New York begin
1814 Americans defeat British and Canadians at Chippewa, Ontario
1830 France invades Algeria, begins a 40 year conquest
1834 Provisional government forms in Oregon Country
1841 Thomas Cook opens first travel agency
1843 Committee of 9 appointed to establish civil government in Oregon Country

Historic Event

1852 Frederick Douglass, fugitive slave, delivers his 'What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?' speech to the Ladies' Anti-Slavery Society in Rochester, condemns the celebration as hypocritical sham

1859 Capt N C Brooks discovers Midway Islands
1861 Battle of Carthage, Missouri - US General Sigel attacks pro-secessionist
1863 Battle of Jackson, Mississippi and Battle of Birdsong Ferry, Mississippi
1864 Battle at Chattahoochee River, Georgia (Skirmish at Pace's Ferry) fought during the Atlanta Campaign of the American Civil War
1864 Battle of Smith's Expedition, Mississippi (Tupelo, Harrisburg)
1865 Great Britain creates world's 1st speed limit law
1865 US Secret Service begins operating under the Treasury Department
1871 Trial against Kiowa chief Satanta (White Bear) and Big Tree, begins
1878 The coat of arms of the Baku governorate was established
1884 German consul-general Gustav Nachtigal takes possession of Cameroon
1884 US Congress accept 2nd Chinese Exclusion Act
1887 Columbia University 4's crew becomes first American boat to win at London's Henley Regatta (Visitors Challenge Cup)
1891 Hail kills 16 horses in Rapid City, South Dakota
1898 Lizzie Arlington becomes first woman to play professional men's baseball when she pitches 9th inning for the Reading Coal Heavers against the Allentown Peanuts; allows 2 hits and walks a batter but preserves 5-0 win
1900 Compulsory education law passes Dutch 1st Chamber
1902 All-rounder Monty Noble takes 6 for 52 as Australia wins the one and only cricket Test played at Sheffield's Bramall Lane, England
1904 NY Giants 18-game winning streak ends as Phillies win 6-5 in 10 innings at Huntington Park
1906 Wimbledon Women's Tennis: Dorothea Chambers beats May Sutton 6-3, 9-7 for her 3rd of 7 Wimbledon singles titles
1907 Wimbledon Women's Tennis: American May Sutton avenges previous year's defeat, beating Dorothea Chambers 6-1, 6-4
1908 Niazi Bey, a chief organizer of the revolutionary movement in Turkey, raises the standard of revolt at Resna, Macedonia

Wimbledon Women's Tennis

1912 Wimbledon Women's Tennis: English badminton champion Ethel Larcombe wins her first and only major tennis title beating Charlotte Cooper 6-3, 6-1

Meeting of Interest

1913 Queen Wilhelmina meets SDAP-leader Troelstra

Queen of the Netherlands Wilhelmina of the Netherlands

1914 Germany offers Austria war aid to fight against Russia in Serbia
1914 MLB Boston Braves (26-40) are 15 games back in NL, go on to win World Series 4-0 vs Philadelphia A's
1919 Wimbledon Women's Tennis: Suzanne Lenglen of France beats Dorothea Chambers 10-8, 4-6, 9-7 for the first of 6 Wimbledon singles titles
1922 1st general election in Netherlands
1922 Uprising of social righteousness in Rio de Janeiro
1922 Women 1st vote in Dutch elections, Christian parties win
1924 Military revolt in Sao Paulo, Brazil

Wimbledon Men's Tennis

1924 Wimbledon Men's Tennis: In the first all-French final Jean Borotra beats René Lacoste 6-1, 3-6, 6-1, 3-6, 6-4

Wimbledon Women's Tennis

1929 Wimbledon Women's Tennis: In the first all-American final Helen Wills Moody beats Helen Jacobs 6-1, 6-2

1929 WOWO-AM, Indiana returns to air, 1 day after transmitter burns down

Wimbledon Men's Tennis

1930 Wimbledon Men's Tennis: Bill Tilden beats fellow American Wilmer Allison 6-3, 9-7, 6-4 for his 3rd and final Wimbledon singles crown

Historic Event

1932 António de Oliveira Salazar becomes the premier and dictator of Portugal (1932-1968), founding the authoritarian Estado Novo (New State) regime

1933 German party Catholic Center disbands
1934 "Bloody Thursday" - Police open fire on striking longshoremen in San Francisco

Baseball Record

1934 Lou Gehrig hits record 17th career grand slam in Yankees 8-3 win v Washington, passes Babe Ruth's total

1935 1st "Hawaii Calls" radio program is broadcast

Historic Event

1935 FDR signs US National Labor Relations Act

1935 Tony (Brooklyn Dodgers) and Al (NY Giants) Cuccinello become the first brothers to both hit a MLB homer in the same game, Dodgers win 14-4

Wimbledon Men's Tennis

1935 Wimbledon Men's Tennis: Fred Perry successfully defends his title against German Gottfried von Cramm 6-2, 6-4, 6-4

1936 120°F (49°C), Gannvalley, South Dakota (state record)
1937 117°F (47°C), Medicine Lake, Montana (state record)

Baseball Record

1937 NY Yankees outfielder Joe DiMaggio hits 20th HR of the season but 1st career grand slam in 8-4 win vs Boston Red Sox

1937 Republican offensive by Brunete in Spain
1937 Spam, the luncheon meat is first introduced into the market by the Hormel Foods Corporation
1938 Herb Caen's 1st column in San Francisco Chronicle
1939 Flash floods kill 79 in Northeast Kentucky
1940 Diplomatic relations broken between Britain and Vichy government in France
1941 German occupiers disband political parties
1942 1st performance of Heitor Villa-Lobos' Chôros 6/9/11
1942 Ian Fleming graduates from a training school for spies in Canada
1943 Battle of Gulf of Kula
1943 Battle of Kursk, USSR: Operation Citadel: Nazi German Panzer Division assault begins what becomes the largest tank in history
1943 Liberator bombers sink U-535 in Gulf of Biskaye
1943 US invasion fleet (96 ships) sails to Sicily
1944 Harry Crosby takes 1st rocket airplane, MX-324, for maiden flight

Election of Interest

1945 Labour Party under Clement Attlee wins British parliamentary elections (results not declared until 26 July)

1945 World War II: Liberation of the Philippines declared

British Golf Open

1946 British Open Men's Golf, St Andrews: In first post-WWII Championship, Sam Snead wins his only Open title, 4 strokes clear of runners-up Johnny Bulla & Bobby Locke

1946 Louis Reard's design for a bikini swimsuit debuts at the Paris fashion show
1946 Wimbledon Men's Tennis: Frenchman Yvon Petra beats Australian Geoff Brown 6-2, 6-4, 7-9, 5-7, 6-4 for his only Wimbledon title
1947 "Barefoot Boy with Cheek" closes at Martin Beck NYC after 108 performances
1947 Cleveland Indians rookie Larry Doby becomes 1st black player in AL when he strikes out in 6-5 loss vs Chicago White Sox

Wimbledon Women's Tennis

1947 Wimbledon Women's Tennis: Margaret Osborne beats Doris Hart 6-2, 6-4 for her only Wimbledon singles title

1948 Britain's National Health Service Act begins
1950 Law of Return passes, guarantees all Jews right to live in Israel
1950 US forces enter combat in the Korean War for the first time, in the Battle of Osan

Historic Invention

1951 Dr William Shockley invents the junction transistor (Murray Hill, NJ)

Musical Finale

1952 Revival of George Gershwin, Ira Gershwin, George S. Kaufman and Morrie Ryskind's musical political satire "Of Thee I Sing", directed by Kaufman, closes at Ziegfeld Theater, NYC, after 72 performances

Wimbledon Women's Tennis

1952 Wimbledon Women's Tennis: Maureen Connolly beats Louise Brough 7-5, 6-3 for the first of 3 straight Wimbledon crowns

1953 Phillies pitcher Robin Roberts hurls his 28th consecutive MLB complete game in a 2-0 win over Pittsburgh
1953 WANC TV channel 21 in Asheville, NC (IND) begins broadcasting
1954 B-52A bomber makes its maiden flight

Music Recording

1954 Singer Elvis Presley's 1st professional recording session (with guitarist Scotty Moore & bass player Bill Black) takes place at Sam Phillips' Memphis Recording Service in Memphis, Tennessee. The trio record four songs including their historic cover of Arthur "Big Boy" Crudup's song "That's All Right". [1]

1954 The BBC broadcasts its first television news bulletin
1955 Six week old British dock strike ends as London dockers return to work
1956 France raises tobacco tax 20% due to war in Algeria
1957 British Open Men's Golf, St Andrews: South African Bobby Locke wins his 4th Open by 3 strokes from defending champion Peter Thomson of Australia
1957 England cricket batsman Tom Graveney scores a brilliant 258 in the drawn 3rd Test v West Indies at Trent Bridge

Wimbledon Men's Tennis

1957 Wimbledon Men's Tennis: Lew Hoad successfully defends in crown beating fellow Australian Ashley Cooper 6-2, 6-1, 6-2

1958 British Open Men's Golf, Royal Lytham & St Annes GC: Australian Peter Thomson wins by 4 strokes in a 36-hole playoff with Welshman Dave Thomas, for his 4th Open title
1958 First ascent of Gasherbrum I (Pakistani–Chinese border), 11th highest peak on earth
1958 J Pengel forms government/Emanuels premier of Suriname

Wimbledon Women's Tennis

1958 Wimbledon Women's Tennis: American Althea Gibson beats Angela Mortimer of England 8-6, 6-2 to successfully defend her title

Historic Event

1959 Ben-Gurion's Israeli government resigns

1st Prime Minister of Israel David Ben-Gurion

1959 Indonesia restores constitution
1959 Jack Gelber's "Connection" premieres in NYC
1960 Mongolia adopts constitution
1961 80 die in collisions in Algiers
1961 KUSD TV channel 2 in Vermillion, SD (PBS) begins broadcasting
1961 St Louis Cardinals first baseman Bill White smashes 3 HRs & a double in 9-1 rout of LA Dodgers
1962 Algeria gains independence after 132 years of French rule
1962 Massacre in Oran, Algeria: members of Algerian National Liberation Army kill Pied-Noir (Algerians of European descent) and European expatriates in ethnic genocide upon Algerian independence from France killing an estimated 95 to 400 people over 3 days
1963 1st Beatles' tune to hit US charts, Del Shannon's cover of "From Me to You" at no. 87

Wimbledon Men's Tennis

1963 Wimbledon Men's Tennis: American Chuck McKinley wins his only Grand Slam singles title beating Fred Stolle of Australia 9-7, 6-1, 6-4

Music History

1965 Greek-American soprano Maria Callas makes her final opera stage appearance in the title role of Giacomo Puccini's "Tosca" at Convent Garden, London, England

1966 National Guard mobilizes in Omaha after 3rd night of rioting
1966 NYC transit fare rises from 15 cents to 20 cents
1966 Saturn I rocket launched at Cape Kennedy
1967 Congo uprising under Belgian mercenary Jean Schramme
1968 "Manifest of 1000 words" published in Prague

Music History

1968 John Lennon sells his psychedelic painted Rolls-Royce

Wimbledon Men's Tennis

1968 Wimbledon Men's Tennis: Rod Laver beats Tony Roche 6-3, 6-4, 6-2 to earn first ever prize money (£2,000) offered at Wimbledon

1969 Rolling Stones play a free concert in London's Hyde Park
1969 Wimbledon Men's Tennis: In an all-Australian final Rod Laver beats John Newcombe 6-4, 5-7, 6-4, 6-4 for the 3rd leg of his Grand Slam
1970 20th Berlin International Film Festival cancelled due to controversy surrounding the participation of Michael Verhoeven's anti-war film "o.k."
1970 Air Canada DC-8 crashes 7 miles from Toronto's airport killing 109

US Women's Golf Open

1970 US Open Women's Golf, Muskogee CC: Donna Caponi successfully defends her title by 1 from Sandra Haynie and Sandra Spuzich

1971 26th amendment to the US constitution certified (reduces voting age to 18)
1971 Simon Gray's "Butley" premieres in London
1972 Pierre Messmer appointed French premier
1972 Two Protestant brothers are found shot dead outside of Belfast (speculation that they were killed by Loyalists because they had Catholic girlfriends)

Coup d'état

1973 General Juvénal Habyarimana becomes president of Rwanda in a military coup d'état

1973 Isle of Man begins issuing its own postage stamps
1973 Test cricket debut of English umpire Harold "Dickie" Bird v NZ at Leeds (66 Tests, 69 ODI)

Wimbledon Women's Tennis

1974 Wimbledon Women's Tennis: Chris Evert wins her first Wimbledon title beating Russian Olga Morzova 6-0, 6-4

Music History

1975 At Knebworth Festival in England, Pink Floyd debut their album "Wish You Were Here" with pyrotechnics and an exploding plane which flies into the stage

Singer-Songwriter and Producer David Gilmour

1975 Cape Verde Islands gain independence after 500 years of Portuguese rule

Wimbledon Men's Tennis

1975 Wimbledon Men's Tennis: Arthur Ashe becomes first African-American to win Wimbledon, beats countryman Jimmy Connors 6-1, 6-1, 5-7, 6-4

1977 Pakistani army, led by Gen Mohammad Zia ul-Haq, seizes power
1978 Soyuz 30 spacecraft touches down in Soviet Kazakhstan
1978 USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR

Wimbledon Men's Tennis

1980 Wimbledon Men's Tennis: Björn Borg beats John McEnroe 1-6, 7-5, 6-3, 6-7, 8-6 for his 5th straight Wimbledon crown with famous 22-minute, 34-point, fourth-set tiebreak

Golf Tournament

1981 Canadian Open Women's Golf (Peter Jackson Classic), Summerlea GC: Jan Stephenson of Australia wins by 1 shot from Pat Bradley & Nancy Lopez

1981 Premier Begin's Likud party wins Israeli elections
1981 Rajan Mahadevan recites 31,811 digits of π (Pi) from memory
1981 USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR
1982 Challenger flies to Kennedy Space Center via Ellington AFB, Texas
1983 France invades Algeria
1983 Woman gives birth to baby 84 days after brain death (Roanoke, Virginia)
1984 Supreme Court weakens 70-year-old "exclusionary rule"-evidence seized with defective court warrants can now be used in criminal trials
1985 Nicholas Mark Sanders (England) begins circumnavigation of globe, covering 13,035 road miles in 78 days, 3 hr, 30 min

Election of Interest

1985 Robert Mugabe's Zimbabwe African National Union - Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF) party wins re-election in Zimbabwe for a second term

Statue of Liberty

1986 Nancy Reagan cuts a red, white and blue ribbon to reopen Statue of Liberty after refurbishment

Wimbledon Women's Tennis

1986 Wimbledon Women's Tennis: Martina Navratilova beats Hana Mandlíková 7-6, 6-3 for her 7th Wimbledon singles title

Tennis Player and Four-Time Major Champion Hana Mandlikova

Baseball Record

1987 A's 1st baseman Mark McGwire becomes first rookie to hit 30 HRs before the MLB All-Star Game as Oakland beats Red Sox, 6-2

Wimbledon Men's Tennis

1987 Wimbledon Men's Tennis: Pat Cash of Australia scores his only Grand Slam singles success 7-6, 6-2, 7-5 over Ivan Lendl

1988 Wist Indies cricket paceman Malcolm Marshall takes career best 7-22, beat England by an innings & 156 at Old Trafford

Television Debut

1989 "Seinfield" (originally titled The Seinfeld Chronicles" screens its pilot episode starring Jerry Seinfeld, Jason Alexander, Julia Louis-Dreyfus and Michael Richards on NBC

Baseball Record

1989 Barry Bonds homers in Pittsburgh's 6-4 loss vs SF Giants, joining father Bobby Bonds as MLB father-son HR record holders (408)

Music History

1989 British singer Rod Stewart hits his head on a lighting fixture while on stage and knocks himself out in Pine Knob, Michigan [1]

Meeting of Interest

1989 South African President P. W. Botha visits ANC leader Nelson Mandela

Sports History

1990 Steffi Graf's record run of 13 consecutive tennis Grand Slam singles finals ends, beaten in Wimbledon semi-finals 6-3, 3-6, 6-4 by American Zina Garrison

1991 American jockey Ray Sibille wins his 3,000th career race, aboard Sporting Surf at Pleasanton, California
1991 France performs nuclear test at Mururoa atoll
1991 MLB owners approve Colorado Rockies and Florida Marlins as new NL franchises to start play in 1993
1992 Sixto Durán Ballén elected president of Ecuador

Wimbledon Men's Tennis

1992 Wimbledon Men's Tennis: American Andre Agassi wins his first of 8 Grand Slam singles titles beating Goran Ivanišević of Croatia 6-7, 6-4, 6-4, 1-6, 6-4

Baseball Record

1993 As' outfielder Rickey Henderson leads off both games of Oakland's doubleheader vs Cleveland with homers (first time since 1913)

Album Release

1993 Icelandic musician Björk releases her 1st solo album "Debut"

1993 Kurd guerrillas murder 32 villager in East Turkey
1993 Richard Chelimo run world record 10 km (27:07.91)
1994 "Cracked Rear View" debut album by Hootie & the Blowfish is released

Historic Event

1994 Amazon.com founded in Bellevue, Washington by Jeff Bezos

1994 The United States announces it will no longer accept unrestricted immigration from Haiti
1996 Angels score 3 top 1st, Oakland A's respond with 13 bottom 1st, highest-scoring 1st inning by 2 teams in MLB history, A's win 16-8

Wimbledon Women's Tennis

1997 Wimbledon Women's Tennis: 16 year old Swiss Martina Hingis beats Jana Novotná 2-6, 6-3, 6-3 to become the youngest Wimbledon winner in 110 years

Tennis Player & Wimbledon Champion Jana Novotna

1998 NY Yankees beat Baltimore Orioles 1-0 to improve record to 61-20, equalling best 81-game start in MLB history

Baseball Record

1998 Toronto Blue Jays pitcher Roger Clemens collects his 3,000th career strikeout in 2-1 win vs Tampa Bay (11th to achieve milestone)

Wimbledon Men's Tennis

1998 Wimbledon Men's Tennis: Pete Sampras retains title; beats Goran Ivanišević 6-7, 7-6, 6-4, 3-6, 6-2 for his 5th of 7 Wimbledon singles crowns

2001 Australia and East Timor sign an agreement to share royalties from oil and natural gas production in the Timor Sea, which separates the two countries
2003 French driver Sébastien Bourdais wins first-ever night road-course event in Champ Car history on Cleveland's Burke Lakefront Airport layout

SARS Outbreak

2003 SARS is declared "contained" by the WHO after affecting 26 countries and resulting in 774 deaths

The SARS virus, known technically as SARS-CoV (coronavirus). First appearing in China in 2002, the disease spread to 29 countries before it was stopped.

Wimbledon Women's Tennis

2003 Wimbledon Women's Tennis: Serena Williams successfully defends her title beating older sister Venus 4-6, 6-4, 6-2

2004 First Indonesian presidential election by the people - first round (eventually won by Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono)
2006 Emergency United Nations Security Council meeting at the U.N in New York City because of North Korean missile tests that day
2006 North Korea tests at least two short-range Nodong-2 missiles, one SCUD missile and one long-range Taepodong-2 missile