Historic Event
1190 Third Crusade: Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa drowns while crossing the Saleph River (modern Turkey) leading an army to Jerusalem
- 1194 Major fire at Chartres Cathedral, France, leads to it rebuilt as the high point of French Gothic style
- 1358 French Jacquerie peasant leader Guillaume Cale captured at the Battle of Mello
- 1502 Crimean Khan defeats the Great Horde in battle near Worskla, leading to disintegration of the Great Horde
- 1538 Catholic German monarchy signs League of Neuremberg
- 1539 Council of Trent: Paul III sends out letters to his bishops, delaying the Council due to war and the difficulty bishops had traveling to Venice.
Historic Event
1540 Thomas Cromwell arrested in Westminster
- 1605 False Dimitri I, an impostor, crowned Russian tsar (rules 1605-1606)
- 1610 1st Dutch settlers arrive (from NJ), to colonize Manhattan Island
- 1610 Thomas West, Baron de La Mar, is appointed governor of Virginia
- 1619 Thirty Years' War: Battle of Záblatí, a turning point in the Bohemian Revolt
- 1624 Netherlands & France sign anti-Spanish Treaty of Compiègne
Salem Witch Trials
1692 The first victim of the Salem witch trials, Bridget Bishop, is hanged for witchcraft in the colony of Massachusetts
Historic Event
1752 Benjamin Franklin tests the lightning conductor with his kite-flying experiment
Historic Event
1768 British customs officials seize John Hancock's ship, "The Liberty", on the suspicion that Hancock had illegally unloaded cargo without paying duties a month earlier
- 1772 Burning of British revenue cutter Gaspée by Rhode Islanders
- 1786 A landslide dam on the Dadu River caused by earthquake ten days earlier collapses, killing 100,000 in the Sichuan province of China
- 1793 1st public zoo opens in Paris
- 1794 Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church in Philadelphia forms
- 1794 France revolutionary regime begins trials
- 1801 Tripoli declares war on US for refusing tribute
- 1805 First Barbary War: Yussif Karamanli signs a treaty ending hostilities with the United States
- 1809 1st US steamboat to a make an ocean voyage leaves NY for Philadelphia
Music History
1818 Pesaro opera theater opens with Gioachino Rossini's "La gaza ladra"
Historic Event
1845 Andrew Jackson's African Grey parrot "Poll" is removed from his funeral for swearing at The Hermitage, Tennessee. Funeral attendee William Menefee Norment recorded: "Before the sermon and while the crowd was gathering, a wicked parrot that was a household pet got excited and commenced swearing so loud and long as to disturb the people and had to be carried from the house”
- 1846 Robert Thomson obtains an English patent on a rubber tyre
- 1847 Chicago Tribune begins publishing
- 1848 1st telegraph link between NYC & Chicago
- 1848 Battle at Vicenza: Austrians beat Sardinia-Piemonte
- 1854 German mathematician Bernhard Reiman proposes that space is curved
- 1854 The first class of the United States Naval Academy students graduate
- 1857 Britain passes an act putting Canada on the decimal currency system
- 1861 Battle of Big Bethel Virginia (Bethel Church, Great Bethal) the Union retreats
Victory in Battle
1863 Battle of Brice's Crossroads, Miss; Nathan Bedford Forrest w/3500 defeats 8000 Feds
- 1864 Battle of Kellar's Bridge Kentucky (Licking River)
Music Premiere
1865 Richard Wagner's opera "Tristan und Isolde" premieres in Munich, Germany
- 1868 2nd Belmont: Bobby Swim aboard General Duke wins in 3:02
- 1869 'Agnes' arrives in New Orleans with 1st ever shipment of frozen beef
- 1871 5th Belmont: W Miller aboard Harry Basset wins in 2:56
- 1871 Sinmiyangyo: Captain McLane Tilton leads 109 Marines in naval attack on Han River forts on Kanghwa Island, Korea
- 1876 10th Belmont: William Donohue aboard Algerine wins in 2:40.5
- 1880 Charlie Jones becomes 1st to hit 2 HRs in 1 inning
- 1882 Anti-colonization mass society of Alexandria Egypt kills 50 Europeans
- 1886 Eruption of Tarawera volcano destroys famous pink and white calcium carbonate hot-spring terraces (North Island, New Zealand)
- 1890 24th Belmont: Pike Barnes riding Burlington wins in 2:07.75
- 1891 25th Belmont: Ed Garrison riding Foxford wins in 2:08.75
- 1892 Baltimore catcher Wilbert Robinson sets MLB record by going 7-for-7 in a 9-inning game; Orioles rout St. Louis Cardinals, 25-4 at Oriole Park
- 1893 27th Belmont: Willie Simms aboard Commanche wins in 1:53.25
Spain Declares War Against the United States
1898 US Marines land in Cuba during the Spanish–American War
Sports History
1904 British Open Men's Golf, Royal St George's GC: Jack White wins his only major title, 1 stroke ahead of runners-up James Braid and J.H. Taylor, both former champions
- 1905 1st forest fire lookout tower placed in operation, Greenville, Maine
- 1907 France and Japan sign an agreement to maintain the independence and integrity of China, equality for all nations in trading with China, and the status quo in the Far East
- 1908 1st flying club, Aeronautical Society of NY, opens
- 1908 The Australian Parliament passes the Invalid and Old Age Pensions Act providing for pensions for British subjects (excluding aborigines) at age 65
Historic Event
1911 Queen Wilhelmina opens Rembrandt house in Amsterdam
- 1915 British/French troops conquer German colony of Cameroon
- 1916 48th Belmont: E Haynes aboard Friar Rock wins in 2:22
- 1916 Great Arab Revolt begins against ruling Ottoman turks
- 1917 60,000 people of Petrograd Russia welcome Prince Kropotkin (banned 41 years) returning after February Russian Revolution
- 1917 Limburg mine workers strike in the Netherlands
- 1922 54th Belmont: C H Miller aboard Pillory wins in 2:18.8
- 1924 1st political convention broadcast on radio-Republicans at Cleveland
- 1925 Inaugural service for the United Church of Canada, a union of Presbyterian, Methodist, and Congregationalist churches held in Toronto Arena
- 1926 MLB Philadelphia Phillies Russ Wrightstone hits for the cycle
- 1930 Winnipeg Rugby Football Club forms
- 1931 Norway occupies East Greenland
- 1932 1st demonstration of artificial lightning Pittsfield, Massachusetts
Sports History
1932 British Open Men's Golf, Prince's GC: Gene Sarazen wins wire-to-wire by 5 strokes from fellow American Macdonald Smith
- 1933 65th Belmont: Mack Garner aboard Hurryoff wins in 2:32.6
Historic Event
1933 Clyde Barrow and Bonnie Parker flip their car into a ravine. Parker suffers serious third degree burns from the accident which would affect her for the rest of her life.
Historic Event
1933 John Dillinger robs his first bank, in New Carlisle, Ohio. He takes $10, 600
- 1933 US Open Men's Golf, North Shore CC: Amateur Johnny Goodman outlasts Ralph Guldahl by a single stroke to win his only major championship
- 1934 FIFA World Cup Final, Stadio Nazionale PNF, Rome, Italy: Angelo Schiavio scores the winner in extra time as Italy beats Czechoslovakia, 2-1
- 1934 USSR & Romania re-establish diplomatic relations
Please Don’t Drink To My Success
1935 In Akron, Ohio, Dr. Robert H. Smith (Dr. Bob) from Akron & Bill Wilson from New York City form Alcoholics Anonymous (date of Smith's last drink)
- 1938 Charlie Barnett makes 98 by lunch v Australia at Trent Bridge
- 1939 MGM cartoon character Barney Bear debuts
- 1940 Canada declares war on Italy
- 1940 French government moves to Bordeaux
- 1940 German "Dutch" Q-ship Atlantis sinks Norwegian tanker
- 1940 German 5th Armoured division occupies Rouen
- 1940 Italy declares war on France and Great Britain as part of its Axis alliance with Nazi Germany
- 1940 Norway surrenders to Nazi Germany after 62 days of fighting
Execution
1942 Nazis kill all inhabitants of Lidice, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (now Czech Republic) which had been implicated in the assassination of Reinhard Heydrich, Nazi controller of Bohemia and Moravia, to “teach the Czechs a final lesson of subservience and humility”; over 170 adult men were executed by firing squad on site, women and children were sent to concentration camp gas chambers, and the village was burned down and plowed under
- 1943 FDR signs withholding tax bill into law
Historic Event
1943 Heinrich Himmler ordered the final liquidation of Lodz ghetto in occupied Poland
- 1944 Nazi forces carry out a massacre of 642 civilians in the French village Oradour-sur-Glane
- 1944 Relief pitcher Joe Nuxhall at 15 years, 316 days, debuts for Cincinnati Reds; youngest player in MLB history; becomes All Star and broadcaster
- 1944 World War II: In Distomo, Boeotia Prefecture, Greece 218 men, women and children are massacred by German troops
- 1945 US destroyer William D Porter ("Willie Dee") sunk by kamikaze
- 1946 Italian Republic established
- 1946 Rear Admiral Sidney W Souers, USNR, ends term as 1st director of CIA. Lieutenant General Hoyt S Vandenberg, USA, becomes 2nd director of CIA
- 1947 Saab produces its first automobile
- 1949 Istvan Dobi becomes Hungarian premier
- 1950 82nd Belmont: William Boland aboard Middleground wins in 2:28.6
- 1950 Germany doesn't annex Oder-Neissegrens
- 1952 Chicago White Sox outfielder Sam Mele is only 6th MLB player to record 6 RBI's in an inning (4th) during a 15-4 win over the A's in Philadelphia
- 1952 US President Harry Truman expresses a desire to nationalize the steel industry
- 1954 KQED TV channel 9 in San Francisco, California (PBS) begins broadcasting
- 1954 PBS reaches SF: KQED (Channel 9) starts broadcasting
- 1955 1st separation of virus into component parts reported
- 1955 KWEX TV channel 41 in San Antonio, TX (IND) begins broadcasting
- 1956 XVI Summer Olympic equestrian events open in Stockholm
Election of Interest
1957 John Diefenbaker (C) elected Prime Minister of Canada
LPGA Championship
1957 LPGA Championship, Churchill Valley CC: Louise Suggs wins her 10th major tile by 3 strokes from Wiffi Smith
Historic Event
1963 US Equal Pay Act signed into law by President John F. Kennedy
- 1964 Rolling Stones record their "12x5" album at Chess Studios in Chicago, Illinois
- 1964 Southern filibuster on civil rights bill ends; cloture invoked
- 1965 Vietnam War: Battle of Dong Xoai begins, a major engagement between the Viet Cong and South Vietnamese forces
- 1966 Cleveland Indian Sonny Siebert no-hits Washington Senator, 2-0
Music Concert
1966 Janis Joplin plays her 1st gig with Big Brother & The Holding Company, at Avalon Ballroom in San Francisco, California
- 1966 Janis Joplin's 1st live concert (Avalon Ballroom in San Francisco)
- 1966 Mamas & Papas win gold record for "Monday, Monday"
- 1966 The Beatles release single "Paperback Writer" / "Rain" in UK; "Rain" featured experimental studio tricks of slowed down bass and drums tracks, and backwards vocals in the fade out
- 1967 15,000 attend Fantasy Faire and Magic Mountain Music Festival, California
- 1967 American pole vaulter Bob Seagren sets a world record mark of 17'7" in San Diego, California
- 1967 Argentina becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty
- 1967 Israel, Syria, Jordan, Iraq & Egypt end "6-Day War" with UN help
- 1967 USSR drops diplomatic relations with Israel
- 1968 "Danny Thomas Hour" last airs on NBC-TV
- 1968 4h Rugby League World Cup: Australia beats France 20-2
Historic Event
1968 AL games at Baltimore & Chicago postponed honoring Robert F. Kennedy
- 1968 KCFW TV channel 9 in Kalispell, MT (ABC/NBC) begins broadcasting
- 1968 UEFA European Championship Final, Stadio Olimpico, Rome, Italy: Italy beats Yugoslavia, 2-0 in a replay (first game, 1-1)
- 1968 WHTV (now WTZH) TV channel 24 in Meridian, MS (NBC/CBS) 1st broadcast
- 1971 11 die in a train crash in Salem, Illinois
- 1971 44th National Spelling Bee: Jonathan Knisely wins spelling "shalloon"
- 1972 "Too Young" single released by Donny Osmond
- 1972 104th Belmont: Ron Turcotte aboard Riva Ridge wins in 2:28
Music Recording
1972 Elvis Presley records a live album at NYC's Madison Square Garden
Sports History
1972 Hank Aaron's grandslammer (14) ties him for NL lead with Gil Hodges & moves him ahead of Willie Mays as #2 HR hitter (649)
#1 in the Charts
1972 Sammy Davis Jr.'s cover of "The Candy Man" by Anthony Newley and Leslie Bricusse (from the film "Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory") goes to #1 on the charts - his biggest single
- 1973 LPGA Championship Women's Golf, Pleasant Valley CC: 1964 champion Mary Mills wins by 1 stroke ahead of runner-up Betty Burfeindt
- 1973 NASA launches Radio Astronomy Explorer 49 into lunar orbit
- 1974 "Feel Like Makin' Love" single released by Roberta Flack (Billboard Song of the Year 1974)
Sports History
1974 Philadelphia Phillies slugger Mike Schmidt hits a ball off public address speaker hanging from Houston Astrodome roof
- 1974 Rumor's government in Italy resigns
- 1975 Rockefeller panel reports on 300,000 illegal CIA files on Americans
- 1975 Yanks sponsor Army Day at temporary home, Shea Stadium during 21-gun salute, part of fence is blown away, & another part is set afire
- 1976 49th National Spelling Bee: Tim Kneale wins spelling narcolepsy
- 1976 67,000 fans attends Wings concert at Seattle's Kingdome
- 1977 American golfer Al Geiberger becomes first player in history to post a sub-60 score, 59 (−13) in a PGA Tour-sanctioned event, during the 2nd round Danny Thomas Memphis Classic at Colonial CC in Cordova, Tennessee
Apple Macintosh Personal Computer
1977 Apple Computer ships its first Apple II computers
- 1977 International Labour Organisation and United Nations meet to discuss apartheid in South Africa and potential actions to prevent further violence and state repression.
Historic Event
1977 James Earl Ray (Martin Luther King's killer) escapes from prison
- 1978 110th Belmont: Steve Cauthen wins aboard Affirmed to wrap up the Triple Crown
- 1978 Costa Rica becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty
French Open Women's Tennis
1978 French Open Women's Tennis: Virginia Ruzici of Romania claims her lone major singles title; beats Mima Jaušovec of Yugoslavia 6-2, 6-2
- 1978 Yankees trade Ken Holzman for Ron Davis
- 1979 Baltimore Orioles pull their 8th triple play (5-4-3 vs Cleveland)
French Open Women's Tennis
1979 French Open Women's Tennis: Chris Evert dominates Wendy Turnbull of Australia 6-2, 6-0 for her 3rd French singles crown
- 1979 LPGA Championship Women's Golf, Jack Nicklaus GC: Donna Caponi Young wins 3rd major; beats Jerilyn Britz by 3 strokes
- 1980 8 Provisional Irish Republican Army prisoners escape from Crumlin Road Gaol in Belfast using handguns smuggled into prison
- 1981 IRA's Joseph Doherty escapes from Crumlin Road Jail
Baseball Record
1981 Pete Rose ties Stan Musial's NL record of 3,630 hits
Sports History
1981 Sebastian Coe of England sets 800m record (1:41.73) in Florence
- 1981 Seven Brothers Square in Bronx named honoring 7 Santini Bro Moving Co
- 1982 American TV sitcom "Taxi" last airs on ABC, cancelled after 4 seasons and 15 Emmy Award wins; moves to NBC in the fall, airing for 1 season and wins 3 more Emmys
- 1982 Battle of Sultan Yakoub - Israel raid into Syria result in 30 deaths and capture of Israeli tanks
- 1982 Iran-Iraq War: Iran recaptures Khorramshahr, Iran from Iraq
- 1982 Israeli troops reach outskirts of Beirut, Lebanon
- 1982 John N. McMahon replaces Bobby R. Inman becomes deputy director of CIA
French Open Men's Tennis
1984 French Open Men's Tennis: Czech star Ivan Lendl wins 1st career Grand Slam title; beats John McEnroe 3-6, 2-6, 6-4, 7-5, 7-5
- 1984 US missile shoots down an incoming missile in space for first time
- 1984 Zhu Jian Hua of China high jumps a record 7'10" (2.39m)
Music City News Awards
1985 19th Music City News Country Awards: Statler Brothers, Barbara Mandrell win
- 1985 Claus von Bulow acquitted on charges he tried to murder his wife
- 1985 Coca-Cola announces they're bringing back their 99-year-old formula
- 1986 A. Bartlett Giamatti succeeds Chub Feeney as President of baseball's National League
- 1986 In South Africa, the three-year-old 'State of Emergency' is renewed for another twelve months, followed by an organized campaign of civil disobedience against it
- 1987 NASA Discovery's SRBs & external tank are mated
- 1988 Greatest number of participants (31,678) on a bicycle tour (London)
- 1989 "Tales From The Crypt" TV Anthology debuts on HBO
French Open Women's Tennis
1989 French Open Women's Tennis: Arantxa Sánchez Vicario of Spain wins her first Grand Slam singles title; beats Steffi Graf 7-6, 3-6, 7-5
- 1990 "Accomplice" closes at Richard Rodgers Theater NYC after 52 performances
- 1990 Burger King begins using Newman's Own Salad Dressing
- 1990 Detroit Pistons beat Trailblazers for 1st time since 1974 in Portland
French Open Men's Tennis
1990 French Open Men's Tennis: Andres Gomez of Ecuador wins his 1st and only career Grand Slam title; beats American Andre Agassi 6-3, 2-6, 6-4, 6-4
- 1990 Musical "Meet Me In St Louis", based on the 1944 film, closes at Gershwin Theater, NYC, after 253 performances
Election of Interest
1990 Peruvian general elections: Novelist Mario Vargas Llosa head of the Democratic Front loses to Alberto Fujimori, heading Cambio 90, in the second round
