Theodosius II (401-450 AD)
the Younger, Eastern Roman emperor (408-450), born in Constantinople
James V (1512-1542)
King of Scotland (1513-42), born in Linlithgow Palace, Linlithgow, Scotland
- 1569 Emilia van Nassau, daughter of Willem of Orange & Anna of Saxon, born in Cologne, Germany (d. 1629)
Hugo Grotius (1583-1645)
Dutch jurist, father of international law, born in Delft, Holland
- 1651 Ehrenfried Walther von Tschirnhaus, German mathematician (Tschirnhaus transformation), born in Kieslingswalde, Margraviate Upper Lusatia, Saxony (d. 1708)
- 1656 René Lepage de Ste-Claire, lord-founder of the town of Rimouski, in New France, born in Ouanne, Burgundy, France (d. 1718)
- 1695 Balthazar Huydecoper, Dutch translator and historian, born in Amsterdam, Netherlands (d. 1778)
- 1704 Benjamin Heath, English classical scholar, born in Exeter, Devon, England (d. 1766)
- 1713 John Whitehurst, English clockmaker and scientist, born in Congleton, Cheshire, England (d. 1788)
- 1741 Basílio da Gama, Portuguese poet (O Uraguai), born in Tiradentes, Minas Gerais, Colony of Brazil (d. 1795)
- 1755 Samuel Hahnemann, German physician, originator of homeopathy, born in Meissen, Dresden (d. 1843)
- 1762 Giovanni Aldini, Italian physicist, born in Bologna (d. 1834)
- 1778 William Hazlitt, English essayist and critic, born in Kent, England (d. 1830)
- 1783 Hortense de Beauharnais, French Queen of Holland (1806-10), born in Paris (d. 1837)
Matthew C. Perry (1794-1858)
Commodore of the United States Navy who opened Japan to Western influence and trade, born in Newport, Rhode Island
- 1796 James Bowie, American pioneer and soldier (Texas Revolution), born in Logan, Kentucky (d. 1836)
- 1797 Claude Ambroise Seurat, Frenchman exhibited in England as "Human Skeleton", born in Champaigne France (d. 1826)
- 1806 Leonidas Polk, Lt. Gen. (Confederate Army), born in Raleigh, North Carolina (d. 1864)
- 1823 Thomas Reade Rootes Cobb, Brigadier General (Confederate Army), born in Jefferson County, Georgia (d. 1862)
- 1827 Lewis "Lew" Wallace, American author (Ben-Hur) and Major General (Union Army), born in Brookville, Indiana (d. 1905)
William Booth (1829-1912)
English preacher and founder of the Salvation Army, born in Sneinton, Nottingham, England [1]
- 1833 David McMurtrie Gregg, American diplomat and Brevet Major General (Union Army), born in Huntingdon, Pennsylvania (d. 1916)
- 1833 James Edward Rains, American lawyer and Brigadier General (Confederate Army), born in Nashville, Tennessee (d. 1862)
- 1837 Forceythe Willson, American poet (The Old Sergeant), born in Little Genesee, New York (d. 1867)
Joseph Pulitzer (1847-1911)
Hungarian-American publisher (St Louis Post-Dispatch, NY World) and Democratic politician whose bequest founded the Columbia School of Journalism and the Pulitzer Prize, born in Makó, Kingdom of Hungary
- 1857 Henry Ernest Dudeney, English mathematician and puzzle maker, born in Mayfield, East Sussex, England (d. 1930)
- 1865 Jack Miner, Canadian naturalist and conservationist, born in Dover Center, Ohio (d. 1944)
- 1867 George William Russell, Irish nationalist, poet and artist, born in Lurgan, County Armagh, Ireland (d. 1935)
- 1877 Alfred Kubin, Austrian writer and illustrator, born in Leitmeritz, Bohemia (d. 1959)
- 1880 Frances Perkins, American politician and 1st woman to hold cabinet-level position (Labor 1933-45), born in Boston, Massachusetts (d. 1965)
- 1880 Mohammed Nadir Shah, King of Afghanistan (1929-33), born in Dehra Dun, British India (d. 1933)
- 1880 Montague Summers, English clergyman and writer (Malleus Maleficarum), born in Clifton, Bristol, England (d. 1948)
- 1882 Simon F H J Berkelbach Van der Sprenkel, theologist (Fear & Religion)
- 1887 Bernardo Houssay, Argentine physiologist (Nobel 1947), born in Buenos Aires, Argentina (d. 1971)
- 1892 Egon Freiherr von Eickstedt, German anthropologist (classified human into races), born in Jeseritz, Germany (d. 1965)
- 1894 Ben Nicholson, English painter and sculptor (Circle), born in Denham, Buckinghamshire, England (d. 1982)
- 1894 Ghanshyam Das Birla, Indian industrialist and educator, born in Pilani, Rajputana, India (d. 1983)
- 1900 Jean Duvieusart, 36th Prime Minister of Belgium, born in Les Bons Villers, Belgium (d. 1977)
- 1903 Clare Boothe Luce, American politician and U.S. ambassador to Italy, born in NYC, New York (d. 1987)
- 1905 Jan H. van Roijen, Dutch ambassador to the U.S. and Netherlands Foreign Minister, born in Constantinople (d. 1991)
- 1906 Kathleen Major, British historian and principal (St Hilda's College, England), born in Lincolnshire (d. 2001)
- 1908 Aidan Crawley, British journalist and politician (Labour MP 1945-51), born in Benenden, Kent (d. 1993)
- 1910 David Gilroy Bevan, British politician (d. 1996)
- 1910 Paul Sweezy, American Marxist economist and editor (Monthly Review), born in NYC, New York (d. 2004)
- 1911 Maurice Schumann, French Minister of Foreign Affairs (1969-73), born in Paris (d. 1998)
- 1912 Roy Hofheinz, American judge and engineer (Houston Astrodome), born in Beaumont, Texas (d. 1982)
- 1913 Stefan Heym, German-American author (Crusaders, Family Benda), born in Chemnitz, German Empire (d. 2001)
- 1913 Steven Nagy, American bowler (first televised perfect game [300}, 1954; ABC Hall of Fame 1963), born in Shoaf, Pennsylvania (d. 1966)
- 1915 Leo Vroman, Dutch-American hematologist and poet, born in Gouda, Netherlands (d. 2014)
- 1917 Robert B. Woodward, American organic chemist (Nobel 1965), born in Boston, Massachusetts (d. 1979)
- 1921 Peter Herbert Penwarden, English priest, born in Walthamstow, England (d. 1995)
- 1924 Kenneth Noland, American Color Field painter, born in Asheville, North Carolina (d. 2010)
- 1926 Johnnie Tillmon, civil rights activist (National Welfare Rights Association), born in Scott, Arkansas (d. 1995)
- 1927 Marshall Warren Nirenberg, Jewish-American biochemist and geneticist (Nobel 1968), born in NYC, New York (d. 2010)
- 1927 Wesley A Clark, American computer designer (first personal computer - LINC), born in New Haven, Connecticut (d. 2016)
- 1930 Dolores Huerta, American civil rights activist (co-founded United Farm Workers), born in Dawson, New Mexico
- 1930 Hugh Morton, Baron Morton of Shuna, Scottish lawyer and judge, born in Mukden, Manchuria, China (d. 1995)
- 1931 Marcel van Maele, Belgian poet and playwright, born in Bruges, Belgium (d. 2009)
- 1933 Robert Rhodes James, British politician historian (Gallipoli), born in India (d. 1999)
- 1934 David Halberstam, American journalist, historian and author (Pulitzer 1964), born in NYC, New York (d. 2007)
- 1935 Patrick Garland, British director (Doll House), born in England (d. 2013)
- 1936 Michael Naylor, English insurance broker (Endsleigh Insurance), born in Croydon (d. 1995)
- 1937 Bella Akhmadulina, Russian poet (The String, Fever), born in Moscow (d. 2010)
- 1939 Alan Rothenberg, American lawyer and sports executive, born in Detroit, Michigan
- 1939 Daniel Oliver, American CEO (Federal Trade Commission), born in NYC, New York
- 1939 Penny Vincenzi [Hannaford], British novelist (An Absolute Scandal, Spoils of Time trilogy), born in Bournemouth, England (d. 2018)
- 1941 Paul Theroux, American travel book writer and novelist (Mosquito Coast), born in Medford, Massachusetts
- 1942 Nick Auf der Maur, Canadian journalist and politician, born in Montreal, Quebec (d. 1998)
- 1948 Tom Spencer, British politician (Conservative)
- 1950 Barry M. Riemer, American author (The Great American Con Machine)
- 1951 David Helvarg, American journalist and environmental activist, born in Long Island, New York
- 1951 Mark Roth, American pro bowler (4 x PBA Player of Year), born in Brooklyn, New York
- 1957 Aliko Dangote, Nigerian Chairman and CEO of the Dangote Group, born in Kano, Kano State
- 1957 John M. Ford, American sci-fi author and poet, born in East Chicago, Indiana (d. 2006)
- 1959 Yvan Loubier, Canadian politician and one of founders of the Bloc Québécois, born in Montreal, Quebec
- 1961 Joe Cole, American roadie (Black Flag, Rollins Band), born in California (d. 1991)
- 1963 Doris Leuthard, Swiss politician, President of Switzerland (2017), born in Merenschwand, Switzerland
- 1965 Diébédo Francis Kéré, Burkina Faso architect (Gando Primary School), born in Gando, Burkina Faso
- 1965 Tim Alexander, American funk metal drummer (Primus-Pork soda), born in Cherry Point, North Carolina
- 1973 Christopher Simmons, American graphic designer, born in Canada
- 1974 Eric Greitens, American former military officer, born in St. Louis, Missouri
- 1975 Floris, Prince of Netherlands, son of Princess Margriet of the Netherlands and Pieter van Vollenhoven, born in Nijmegen, Netherlands
- 1979 Rachel Corrie, American political activist, born in Olympia, Washington (d. 2003)
- 1984 Zoe, 1st frozen-embryo child, born in Melbourne Australia
- 2007 Princess Ariane of the Netherlands, Dutch Princess, daughter of King Willem-Alexander and Queen Máxima, born in The Hague, Netherlands