- 686 Charles Martel, grandfather of Charlemagne, born in Herstal, Belgium (d. 741)
- 1486 Siegmund Freiherr von Herberstein, Austrian diplomat, born in Vipava, Slovenia
- 1524 Francois Hotman/Hotomanus, French lawyer and diplomat (Anti-Tribonien), born in Paris (d. 1590)
- 1593 Fulvio Testi, Italian poet (Pianto d'Italia), born in Ferrara, Italy (d. 1646)
- 1623 Stanisław Lubieniecki, Polish astronomer, born in Raków, Kielce County, Poland (d. 1675)
- 1724 Abraham Yates, American Continental Congressman, born in Albany, New York (d. 1796)
- 1740 Ivan VI, Emperor of Russia (1740-41), born in Saint Petersburg, Russia
- 1741 Jean-François de Galaup, comte de La Pérouse, French explorer, born in Albi, France (d. 1788)
- 1751 Louis-Francois Beffara, French lexicographer, born in Nonancourt, France (d. 1838)
Georges Cuvier
1769 Georges Cuvier [Jean Léopold Nicolas Frédéric Cuvier], French naturalist and zoologist, born in Montbéliard, France (d. 1832)
Georges Cuvier
- 1773 Jakob F. Fries, German philosopher, born in Barby, Germany (d. 1843)
- 1783 William Tierney Clark, English civil engineer, born in Bristol, England (d. 1852)
- 1805 Anton von Schmerling, Austrian statesman, born in Lichtental, Vienna, Austria (d. 1893)
- 1814 James Roosevelt Bayley, first Bishop of Newark, New Jersey, and the eighth Archbishop of Baltimore, born in NYC, New York (d. 1877)
- 1818 Rufus Ingalls, American Brevet Major General (Union Army), born in Denmark, Maine (d. 1893)
- 1829 Moritz B Cantor, German historian of mathematics, born in Mannheim, Germany (d. 1920)
- 1832 Alexander Chambers, American Brigadier General (Union Army), born in Cattaraugus, New York (d. 1888)
- 1836 Marie Henriette of Austria, Queen of the Belgians, born in Buda Castle, Budapest, Hungary (d. 1902)
- 1843 William Southam, Canadian newspaper publisher, born in Montreal, Canada (d. 1932)
- 1846 Alexander Milne Calder, Scottish-American sculptor, born in Aberdeen, Scotland (d. 1923)
- 1847 Sarah Frances Whiting, American physicist and astronomer, born in Wyoming, New York (d. 1927)
- 1849 William Ernest Henley, British poet, critic, and editor, born in Gloucester, England (d. 1903)
- 1852 Arnold Toynbee, English economic historian and social reformer, born in London (d. 1883)
- 1852 Clímaco Calderón, President of Colombia for one day in 1882, born in Santa Rosa de Viterbo, Colombia (d. 1913)
- 1864 Eleftherios K. Venizalos, Premier of Greece (1910-15, 28-32), born in Mournies, Greece (d. 1936)
- 1867 Marcel Schwob, French writer and journalist (Le Croisade des Enfants), born in Chaville, France (d. 1905)
- 1869 Edgar Lee Masters, American poet and novelist (Spoon River Anthology), born in Garnett, Kansas
- 1869 James (Sunny Jim) Rolph, San Francisco mayor (1912-31), born in San Francisco, California (d. 1934)
- 1875 William Eccles, English physicist and radio pioneer, born in Barrow-in-Furness, England (d. 1966)
- 1875 Eugene Lanceray, Russian artist, born in Pavlovsk, Saint Petersburg, Russia (d. 1946)
- 1880 Alexander Grin, Russian novelist (Jessie and Morgiana), born in Vyatka, Kirov Oblast, Russia (d. 1932)
- 1881 Louis Schelfhout, Dutch painter and graphic artist, born in The Hague, Netherlands (d. 1943)
- 1883 Jonathan Mayhew Wainwright IV, American army officer, born in Fort Walla Walla, Washington (d. 1953)
- 1884 Ogden L. Mills, U.S. Secretary of the Treasury (1927-1932), born in Newport, Rhode Island (d. 1937)
- 1885 Henry Thomas Tizard, English chemist and inventor, born in Gillingham, Kent, England (d. 1959)
- 1889 Alfred Lichtenstein, German writer, born in Berlin, Germany (d. 1914)
- 1894 James La Guma, South African political activist and trade unionist, born in Cape Town (d. 1961)
- 1901 Cecil Rolph Hewitt, English journalist and policeman, born in London (d. 1994)
- 1901 John Sherman Cooper, American politician and U.S. Ambassador to East Germany, born in Somerset, Kentucky (d. 1991)
- 1903 Mauritius van Haegendoren, Flemish historian and senator
- 1908 Arthur Adamov, Russian-French playwright (Paolo Paoli), born in Kislovodsk, Terek Oblast, Russia (d. 1970)
- 1908 Cornelis van Dis sr., Dutch chemist and politician
- 1908 Hannah Frank, Scottish artist and sculptor, born in Glasgow, Scotland (d. 2008)
- 1911 Albert Alberts, Dutch writer and journalist (French battle), born in Haarlem, Netherlands (d. 1996)
- 1912 Jara Ribnikar, Serbian writer, born in Königgrätz, Bohemia (d. 2007)
- 1912 Lord Kissin, president (GPG)
- 1913 Stanley Kitchen, British chartered accountant
- 1919 Robert Crichton-Brown, CEO (Rothmans International)
- 1921 Kenneth Arrow, American economist, (Nobel Prize 1972), born in NYC, New York (d. 2017)
- 1922 Brian Young, Chairman (Christian Aid)
- 1922 Jack Boddy, British trade union leader
- 1923 Edgar F. Codd, English computer scientist (d. 2003)
- 1924 Denis Sargan, econometrician
- 1924 Ephraim Kishon, writer
- 1924 Siti Hartinah Suharto, wife of President Suharto of Indonesia
- 1926 Clifford Geertz, American anthropologist, (d. 2006)
- 1927 Dick Bruna, Dutch illustrator (Miffy books), born in Utrecht (d. 2017)
- 1927 Houari Boumedienne, president of Algeria (1965-78)
- 1927 John Hoskyns, director-general (Institute of Directors)
- 1930 Andy Ireland, (Rep-R-FL, 1977- )
- 1930 John Fairclough, British scientific adviser
- 1930 Michel Rocard, French politician, Prime Minister of France (1988-91), born in Courbevoie, Paris (d. 2016)
- 1931 Richard Vincent, British chief of Defense
- 1932 Houari Boumedienne, President of Algeria (d. 1978)
- 1933 Manfred Donike, chemist drug test pioneer
- 1933 Pete Wilson, (Sen-R-CA, 1983-88/Gov-R-Ca 1991- )
- 1933 Robert Curl, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1935 Brendan Jackson, British air marshal
- 1936 Henry Lee Lucas, American serial killer (d. 2001)
- 1939 Charles Wardle, MP/under sect of state British home office
- 1939 Ronald [Ronny] A Casseres, minister of Dutch Antilles
- 1943 Dale Campbell-Savours, MP (Labour)
- 1943 Peter Lilley, MP/sect of state for British social security
- 1943 Nelson DeMille, American novelist
- 1944 Antonia Novello, 14th US Surgeon General (1990-92) 1dt woman and Hispanic holder, born in Farjardo, Puerto Rico
- 1948 Andrei Pleşu, Romanian writer, essayist
- 1948 Daniel Ruettiger "Rudy", University of Notre Dame football legend
- 1949 Norah Ellen O'Neill, airline pilot (Flying Tigers)
- 1949 Rick Springfield, Australia, (General Hospital, Jessie's Girl)
- 1951 Queen Noor of Jordan [Lisa Najeeb Halaby], American born wife of King Hussein, born in Washington, D.C.
- 1951 Akhmad Kadyrov, President of Chechnya (d. 2004)
- 1953 Klaus-Dietrich Flade, German FR, cosmonaut (Soyuz TM-14)
- 1956 David A Wolf, MD/astronaut (STS 58, sk: 89/91), born in Indianapolis, Indiana
- 1956 Andreas Floer, German mathematician (d. 1991)
- 1956 Valgerd Svarstad Haugland, Norwegian politician
- 1960 Helen Rees, director (Design Museum)
- 1960 Rodney Alan Greenblat, American graphic artist
- 1962 Martin Cauchon, Canadian politician
- 1964 Kong Hee, Singaporean, Founder and Senior Pastor of the City Harvest movement in Asia
- 1967 Nancy Cox, American news anchor, Miss Kentucky (1991), born in Campbellsville, Kentucky
- 1969 Keith Tyson, English artist
- 1970 Lawrence Frank, American head coach
- 1977 Jared Fogle, American spokesperson known as the Subway Guy, born in Indianapolis, Indiana
- 1981 Ozzy Lusth, American Survivor contestant