- Mar 29 Carlo Carafa, Italian cardinal, born in Naples, Italy (d. 1561)
- Jun 18 Emperor Ōgimachi, 106th Emperor of Japan (d. 1593)
- Jun 29 Rembert Dodoens [Rembert Van Joenckema], Flemish physician and botanist, born in Mechelen, Spanish Netherlands (d. 1585)
- Jul 10 Odet de Coligny, Cardinal of Châtillon and count of Beauvais, born in Châtillon-Coligny, France (d. 1571)
- Jul 25 Jacques Peletier (du Mans), French poet and scientist, born in Le Mans, France (d. 1582)
- Aug 20 Antoine Perrenot de Granvelle, Spanish cardinal and viceroy of Naples (1571-75), born in Besançon, France (d. 1586)
- Oct 18 Manoel da Nóbrega, Portuguese Jesuit in Brazil (d. 1570)