- Jan 17 Robert Fludd, British physician, author, and mystical philosopher, baptized in Bearsted, Kent, England (d. 1637)
- Jan 23 Lucas Franchoys the Elder, Belgian painter, born in Mechelen, Belgium (d. 1643)
- Mar 5 William Oughtred, English mathematician (invented early slide rule), born in Eton, England (d. 1660) date baptized
- Jul 1 Joseph Hall, English bishop and writer (Virgidemiarum: Six Books), born in Ashby-de-la-Zouch, England (d. 1656)
- Aug 7 Robert Dudley, English explorer and writer (Arcano del Mare), born in Richmond Palace, Surrey (d. 1649)
- Sep 16 Samuel Coster, Dutch physician and playwright (Polyxena), born in Amsterdam (d. 1665)
- Sep 18 Claudio Achillini, Italian lawyer and poet, born in Bologna, Italy (d. 1640)
- Dec 8 Maria Anna of Bavaria, Empress consort of the Holy Roman Empire, born in Munich, Bavaria, Holy Roman Empire (d. 1616)
- Dec 12 Anne of Denmark, daughter of Danish King Frederik II and Queen Consort of James I of England, born in Skanderborg Castle, Skanderborg, Denmark (d. 1619)