- Feb 2 Noël Chabanel, French Jesuit missionary (d. 1649)
- Mar 12 André Le Nôtre, French landscape architect (d. 1700)
- Mar 28 Empress Dowager Xiaozhuang, Empress of Manchu (1643-62) (d. 1688)
- Apr 6 Stjepan Gradić, Croatian philosopher and scientist (d. 1683)
- Apr 7 Gerard Dou, Dutch painter (Night School) (d. 1675)
- Jun 10 Johann Georg II, Elector of Saxony (1656-80), born in Dresden (d. 1680)
- Jun 16 John Cleveland, English poet (d. 1658)
- Aug 15 Gilles Ménage, French scholar, born in Angers, France (d. 1692)
- Sep 15 François VI, duc de La Rochefoucauld, French writer of maxims and memoirs, born in Paris, Kingdom of France (d. 1680)
- Sep 25 Claude Perrault, French physician and architect (East Façade of the Louvre; Paris Observatory), born in Paris (d. 1688)
- Oct 13 Luisa de Guzmán, Queen of Portugal (1640-56), born in Sanlúcar, Spain (d. 1666)
- Nov 5 Isaac de Benserade, French poet, born in Lyons-la-Forêt, France (d. 1691)
- Dec 23 Carl Gustaf Wrangel, Swedish soldier (d. 1676)