- Feb 24 Charles Le Brun, French classical painter who helped establish the French Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture, born in Paris (d. 1690)
- Mar 6 Cyrano de Bergerac, French playwright and novelist known for his large nose (Voyage to the Moon) and inspiration for Edmond Rostand’s play (d. 1655)
- Apr 21 Jan van Riebeeck, Dutch colonial administrator and founder of Cape Colony (Cape Town), born in Culemborg (d. 1677)
- May 24 Philips Wouwerman, Dutch painter, born in Haarlem, Netherlands (d. 1668)
- Jun 7 Paulus Voet, Dutch jurist and historian, born in Heusden, Netherlands (d. 1667)
- Jun 24 Rijcklof Volckertsz van Goens, Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (1678-81), born in Rees, Germany (d. 1682)
- Aug 15 Hubertus Quellinus, Flemish cartoonist and painter, born in Antwerp, Belgium (d. 1687)
- Aug 29 Jean-Baptiste Colbert, French minister of Navy, born in Reims, France (d. 1683)
- Sep 17 John Lambert, English general-major and parliamentary leader, born in Kirkby Malham, England (d. 1684)
- Oct 8 Philipp von Zesen, German poet and historian (Bescheibung of Amsterdam), born in Dessau, Germany (d. 1689)
- Nov 3 Willem Kalf, Dutch painter (still lifes), born in Rotterdam, Netherlands (d. 1693)
- Nov 7 Gédéon Tallemant des Réaux, French writer (Historiettes), born in La Rochelle, France (d. 1692)
- Nov 15 Philips Koninck, Dutch landscape painter, born in Amsterdam (d. 1688)
- Dec 17 Prince Rupert of the Rhine, German soldier, Commander in the English Civil War and first Governor of the Hudson's Bay Company, born in Prague (d. 1682)
- Dec 28 Antoine Furetière, French writer (d. 1688)