Marguerite Bourgeoys (1620-1700)
Apr 17 French founder of the Congregation of Notre Dame (first Canadian saint), born in Troyes, France
- Apr 24 John Graunt, English statistician, founder of science of demography, born in London (d. 1674)
- May 23 Pieter Neefs, the Younger, Flemish painter (church interiors), baptized in Antwerp (d. 1675 or after)
- Jun 29 Masaniello [Tommaso Aniello], Italian fisherman and leader of the 1647 Naples revolt against the rule of Habsburg Spain, born in Naples, Spanish Empire (d. 1647)
- Jul 21 Jean Picard, French astronomer, born in La Flèche, France (d. 1682)
- Jul 29 Nicolaas Heinsius, Dutch philologist, classical scholar and diplomat, born in Leiden, Netherlands (d. 1681)
- Sep 29 Jean Louis d'Elderen, 63rd prince-bishop of Luik (1688-94), born in Tongeren (modern Belgium) (d. 1694)
- Oct 1 Nicolaes Pietersz Berchem, Dutch landscape painter and etcher, born in Haarlem, Netherlands (d. 1683)
- Oct 20 Aelbert Cuyp, Dutch painter, born in Dordrecht (d. 1691)
- Oct 31 John Evelyn, English writer and diarist (Life of Mrs Godolphin), born in Wotten, England (d. 1706)
- Nov 10 Anne "Ninon" de l'Enclos, French patron of the arts, courtesan and writer, born in Paris, France (d. 1705)
- Nov 20 Peregrine White, First English child born in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, born aboard the Mayflower (d. 1704)
- Dec 18 Heinrich Roth, German Sanskrit scholar, born in Dillingen, Germany (d. 1668)