- Jan 11 John Rogers, English Puritan minister and President of Harvard College (1682-84), born in Coggeshall, England (d. 1684)
- Feb 19 Shivaji Bhonsle [Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj], Indian warrior and founder of the Maratha Empire (disputed birth date; 1630-02-19 accepted by Indian government), born at Shivneri fort (d. 1680)
Charles II (1630-1685)
May 29 King of England, Scotland and Ireland (1660-85), born in St James's Palace, London
- Jun 10 Willem van Bemmel, Dutch painter and etcher, born in Utrecht, Netherlands (d. 1708)
- Aug 1 Thomas Clifford, English statesman (1st Baron Clifford of Chudleigh), born in Ugbrooke, Devon, England (d. 1673)
- Aug 27 Maria van Oosterwijck, Dutch flower painter, born in Nootdorp, Netherlands (d. 1693)
- Sep 17 Ranuccio II Farnese, Duke of Parma, born in Parma (d. 1694)
- Oct 14 Sophia of Hanover, Princess Palatine and Electress of Saxony, born in The Hague, Netherlands (d. 1714)
- Nov 18 Eleonora Gonzaga, Empress of the Holy Roman Empire (1651-57), born in Mantua, Duchy of Mantua (d. 1686)
- Nov 24 Etienne Baluze, French scholar (d. 1718)
- Nov 27 Sigismund Francis, Archduke of Austria, born in Innsbruck, Austria (d. 1665)