- Jan 31 Nathaniel Crew, English influential bishop (Bishop of Oxford and Durham), born in Steane, England (d. 1721)
- Feb 16 King Narai 'the Great' of the Ayutthaya Kingdom (Siam) (1656-88), (d. 1688)
- Feb 20 Jan de Baen, portrait painter and etcher, born in Haarlem, Dutch Republic (d. 1702)
Samuel Pepys (1633-1703)
Feb 23 English navy administrator and Member of Parliament famous for his Diary of the English Restoration period, born in London
- Apr 20 Emperor Go-Kōmyō, 110th emperor of Japan, born in Kyoto, Japan (d. 1654)
- Jun 1 Geminiano Montanari, Italian astronomer (d. 1687)
- Jun 16 Jean de Thévenot, French traveler and scientist (d. 1667)
- Jun 19 Philipp van Limborch, Dutch Remonstrants theologist and vicar, born in Amsterdam (d. 1712)
- Jul 1 Johann Heinrich Heidegger, Swiss theologian, born in Bäretswil, Zürich, Switzerland (d. 1698)
- Sep 8 Ferdinand IV, King of the Romans, born in Vienna (d. 1654)
- Oct 4 Bernardino Ramazzini, Italian physician (founder of occupational medicine), born in Carpi, duchy of Modena (d. 1714)
James II (1633-1701)
Oct 14 King of England, Scotland and Ireland (1685-88), born in St. James's Palace, London
- Nov 11 George Savile, 1st marquis of Halifax and author (Character of a Trimmer), born in Thornhill, West Yorkshire, England (d. 1695)
- Dec 18 Adriaen Millaert [Melar], Flemish engraver, baptized at Antwerp (d. 1667)
- Dec 18 Willem van de Velde the Younger, Dutch seascape painter, baptized in Leiden (d. 1707)
- Dec 26 Charles Emmanuel Biset, Flemish painter, born in Mechelen (d. between 1693–1713)