- Jan 14 Jean-Baptiste Charles Bouvet de Lozier, French sailor & governor of the Mascarene Islands, born in Pleudihen-sur-Rance, France (d. 1786)
- Feb 15 Charles-André Van Loo, French Rococo painter, born in Nice, France (d. 1765)
- Feb 21 Edward Hawke, 1st Baron Hawke, British naval officer (won naval victory in Battle of Quiberon Bay) (d. 1781)
- Feb 22 Peter Arctedi, Swedish biologist ("father of ichthyology" study of fish), born in Anundsjö, Sweden (d. 1735)
- Mar 2 William Murray, 1st Earl of Mansfield, Scottish judge and politician (d. 1793)
- Apr 12 William Cookworthy, English chemist, born in Kingsbridge, Devon (d. 1780)
- Jul 23 Francis Blomefield, English topographer (History of Norfolk), born in Fersfield, Norfolk (d. 1752)
- Aug 8 Gustaaf Imhoff, gov of Ceylon (1736-40)/gov of Neth-Indies (1743-50)
- Aug 30 David Hartley, English philosopher and Founder of the Associationist School of Psychology, born in Halifax, Yorkshire, England (d. 1757)
- Sep 7 Matthäus Günther, German painter, born in Peissenberg, Germany (d. 1788)
- Sep 24 Leopold Joseph Graf Daun, Austrian field marshal, born in Vienna, Austria (d. 1766)
- Sep 28 Henry Fox, 1st Baron Holland, English corrupt politician (Chiswick), born in Kensington, London (d. 1774)
- Oct 23 Maximilian Ulysses Count Browne, Austrian field marshal, born in Basel, Switzerland (d. 1757)
- Oct 31 Pope Clement XIV [Giovanni Ganganelli], Pope (1769-74), born in Rimini, Italy (d. 1774)
- Nov 23 Thomas Birch, English historian (d. 1766)