- Feb 28 Louis-Auguste-Augustin d'Affry, Swiss general, military governor and ambassador serving French kings Louis XV and Louis XVI, born in Versailles, France (d. 1793)
- Mar 15 Nicolas Louis de Lacaille, French astronomer who mapped the stars of the Southern Hemisphere, born in Rumigny, France (d. 1762)
- Mar 21 Francis Lewis, Welsh-American merchant and US Founding Father (signed the Declaration of Independence), born in Llandaff, Wales (d. 1802)
- Mar 29 John Ponsonby, Irish politician (d. 1789)
- Apr 2 Onno Zwier van Haren, Frisian poet (Fatherland), born in St. Annaparochie, Netherlands (d. 1779)
- Apr 10 John Whitehurst, English clockmaker and scientist, born in Congleton, Cheshire, England (d. 1788)
- Apr 12 Guillaume Thomas François Raynal, French writer, born in Lapanouse, France (d. 1796)
- Apr 21 Louis de Noailles, Marshal of France, born in Versailles, France (d. 1793)
- May 3 Alexis Clairaut, French mathematician (Clairaut's theorem), born in Paris (d. 1765)
- May 6 Charles Batteux, French philosopher, born in Alland'Huy-et-Sausseuil, Ardennes (d. 1780)
- May 25 John Stuart, 3rd earl of Bute, Prime Minister of Great Britain (1760-63), born in Parliament Square, Edinburgh, Midlothian (d. 1792)
- Jun 10 Princess Caroline Elizabeth of Great Britain, fourth child and third daughter of King George II of Great Britain and his wife Caroline of Ansbach, born in Herrenhausen Palace, Hanover (d. 1757)
- Jun 11 Edward Capell, English critic, born in Troston Hall, Suffolk, England (d. 1781)
- Jun 16 Meshech Weare, Governor of New Hampshire (d. 1786)
- Jul 22 Jacques-Germain Soufflot, French architect (d. 1780)
- Aug 1 Charles I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, born in Brunswick, Germany (d. 1780)
Denis Diderot (1713-1784)
Oct 5 French enlightenment philosopher (Encyclopédie), born in Langres, Champagne
- Oct 7 Granville Elliott, British military officer (d. 1759)
- Oct 8 Yechezkel Landau, Polish rabbi and Talmudist, born in Opatów, Poland (d. 1793)
- Oct 13 Allan Ramsay, Scottish painter, born in Edinburgh, Scotland (d. 1784)
- Oct 23 Pieter Burman the Younger, Dutch philologist, born in Amsterdam, Netherlands (d. 1778)
Junípero Serra (1713-1784)
Nov 24 Spanish missionary priest who founded the 1st missions in California, born in Petra, Majorca
