- Jan 1 Kristijonas Donelaitis, Lithuanian poet (The Seas) and Lutheran pastor, born in Lasdinehlen, East Prussia (d. 1780)
- Jan 6 Percivall Pott, English physician, born in London, United Kingdom (d. 1788)
- Jan 28 Jean-Baptiste Pigalle, French sculptor (Child with Cage, Mercury Fastening his Sandals), born in Paris (d. 1785)
- Feb 22 Louis-Georges de Bréquigny, French historian (d. 1795)
- Feb 25 Hyde Parker, 5th Baronet, British admiral (captured Spanish treasure galleon Santisima Trinidad), born in Tredington, England (d. 1782)
- Feb 25 René Nicolas Charles Augustin de Maupeou, Chancellor of France (d. 1792)
- Feb 26 James Hervey, English clergyman and writer (d. 1758)
- Mar 27 Francesco Antonio Zaccaria, Italian theologian and historian, born in Venice (d. 1795)
- Apr 14 Adam Gib, Scottish religious leader, born in Muckhart, Perthshire (d. 1788)
- Jun 6 Joseph, King of Portugal (1750-77), born in Lisbon, Portugal (d. 1777)
- Jun 17 César-François Cassini de Thury, French astronomer (geodesic labor), born in Thury-sous-Clermont, Oise, France (d. 1784)
- Jul 16 Marc René, Marquis de Montalembert, French military engineer and writer, born in Angoulême, France (d. 1800)
- Aug 1 Richard Wilson, Welsh landscape painter, born in Penegoes, Montgomeryshire, Wales (d. 1782)
- Aug 14 Claude-Joseph Vernet, French painter, born in Avignon, France (d. 1789)
- Aug 28 Anthony Ulrich II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, born in Bevern, Germany (d. 1774)
- Sep 17 Gottlieb Rabener, German author (Vom Misbrauch of the Satire), born in Wachau, Germany (d. 1771)
- Sep 19 Charles Humphreys, American delegate to the Continental Congress, born in Haverford, Pennsylvania (d. 1786)
- Sep 29 Peter A. van de Parra, Governor-general of Netherlands-Indies (1761-75)
- Oct 16 Giovanni Arduino, Italian geologist (d. 1795)
- Nov 13 William Shenstone, English poet, born in Leasowes, England (d. 1763)
George Whitefield (1714-1770)
Dec 16 English-born Methodist leader and preacher, born in Gloucester, England
