- 1377 Jianwen, 2nd Emperor of the Ming Empire (1398-1402), born in China (d. 1402)
Julius II (1443-1513)
Italian Pope (1503-13) and patron of Michelangelo, Bramante and Raphael, born in Albisola, Republic of Genoa
- 1495 Nicolas Cleynaerts, Flemish grammarian, born in Diest, Belgium (d. 1542)
- 1537 Ashikaga Yoshiaki, 15th Japanese shōgun, born in Japan (d. 1597)
- 1539 Fausto Paolo Sozzini, Italian theologian and founder of Socinianism, born in Siena, Holy Roman Empire (d. 1604)
- 1545 Janus Dousa [Johan van de Does], Dutch politician and poet, born in Noordwijk, Netherlands (d. 1604)
- 1547 Ubbo Emmius [van Embden], Dutch-Frisian humanist and historian, born in Greetsiel, East Frisia (d. 1625)
- 1661 Robert Haley, 1st Earl of Oxford and English premier (Whig, 1710-14), born in Covent Garden, Middlesex, Kingdom of England (d. 1725)
Martin Van Buren (1782-1862)
8th President of the United States (Democrat: 1837-41), born in Kinderhook, New York
- 1786 Henry Drummond, English banker and religious leader, born in The Grange, Hampshire (d. 1860)
- 1803 Fyodor Tyutchev, Russian poet and statesman, born in Bryansk, Oryol Governorate, Russian Empire (d. 1873)
- 1820 Afanasy Fet, Russian poet, born in Mtsensk, Russia (d. 1892)
- 1822 Elizabeth Cabot Agassiz, American educator and the co-founder and first president of Radcliffe College, born in Boston, Massachusetts (d. 1907)
- 1824 Titian James Coffey, Atty Gen (Union), (d. 1867)
- 1826 John Benjamin Sanborn, American lawyer, politician, and Brevet Major General (Union Army), born in Epsom, New Hampshire (d. 1904)
- 1829 Henri-Gustave Joly de Lotbinière, French-Canadian politician (7th Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia), born in Épernay, France (d. 1908)
- 1830 Christina Rossetti, English poet (Winter Rain, Passing Away), born in London, England (d. 1894)
George Armstrong Custer (1839-1876)
United States Army officer and cavalry commander in the American Civil War and the American Indian Wars, born in New Rumley, Ohio
- 1841 Marcus Daly, Irish-American mining tycoon, born in Ballyjamesduff, Ulster, Ireland (d. 1900)
- 1848 Edwin Blashfield, American painter who decorated the dome of Library of Congress, born in Brooklyn, New York (d. 1936)
- 1855 Clinton Hart Merriam, American zoologist and ornithologist, born in NYC, New York (d. 1942)
John Jellicoe (1859-1935)
1st Earl Jellicoe, British Admiral of the Fleet in World War I (Battle of Jutland), born in Southampton, England
Józef Piłsudski (1867-1935)
Father of the Second Polish Republic who served as its Chief of State (1918-22), Marshall of Poland and later its de facto leader (1926-35), born in Zułów, Russian Empire
- 1868 Arnold Sommerfeld, German physicist, born in Königsberg, Prussia (d. 1951)
- 1869 Ellis Parker Butler, American author (Pigs is Pigs), born in Muscatine, Iowa (d. 1937)
- 1871 Bill Pickett, American rodeo performer (invented bulldogging), born in Jenks-Branch, Texas (d. 1932)
- 1875 Arthur Currie, Canadian soldier (fought in WWI), born in Napperton, Ontario (d. 1933)
- 1879 Clyde Cessna, American aviator and airplane manufacturer, born in Hawthorne, Louisiana (d. 1954)
- 1886 Pieter Oud, Dutch politician and Mayor of Rotterdam (1945-52), born in Purmerend, Netherlands (d. 1968)
- 1890 David Bomberg, English painter, born in Birmingham, England (d. 1957)
- 1891 Alexander Rodchenko, Russian painter and photographer, born in St Petersburg (d. 1956)
- 1894 C. R. Swart, South African politician (1st State President of South Africa 1961-67), born in Winburg, Orange Free State (d. 1982)
- 1895 Elbert Frank Cox, African-American mathematician (first African-American to receive PhD in Mathematics), born in Evansville, Indiana (d. 1969)
- 1896 Carl Ferdinand Cori, Czech-American bio-chemist (Nobel 1947-discovery of how glycogen (animal starch) – a derivative of glucose – is broken down and resynthesized in the body, for use as a store and source of energy), born in Prague (d. 1984)
- 1896 Lady Huxley [Marie Juliette Baillot], Swiss sculptor and author, born in Auvernier, Switzerland (d. 1994)
- 1896 Willem Frederik Meinhardt Lampe, Dutch ambassador of the Dutch Antilles, born in Netherlands Antilles (d. 1973)
- 1898 Josh Malihabadi, Urdu poet of India and Pakistan, born in Malihabad, North-Western Provinces, British India (d. 1982)
- 1901 Milton H. Erickson, American psychiatrist and psychologist, born in Aurum, Nevada (d. 1980)
Werner Heisenberg (1901-1976)
German physicist who discovered the uncertainty principle (Nobel 1932), born in Würzburg, Germany
Strom Thurmond (1902-2003)
U.S. Senator (Sen-D/R-SC), born in Edgefield, South Carolina
Cecil Frank Powell (1903-1969)
English physicist who discovered pion (pi-meson), a subatomic particle (Nobel 1950), born in Tonbridge, England
- 1907 Giuseppe Occhialini, Italian physicist (Contribution to the discovery of the pion or pi-meson decay), born in Fossombrone, Pesaro, Italy (d. 1993)
- 1907 Lin Biao, Chinese Communist Marshal during the Civil War and party leader, born in Huanggang, Hubei, Qing Empire (d. 1971)
- 1911 Alfred Manessier, French painter (leaded windows), born in Saint-Ouen, Somme, France (d. 1993)
- 1912 Maisie Fitter, editor and conservationist (d. 1996)
- 1914 Hans Hellmut Kirst, German author (The Lieutenant Must Be Mad), born in Osterode, Germany (d. 1989)
- 1914 Lina Bo Bardi, Italian born Brazilian modernist architect (SESC Pompéia Factory), born in Rome, Italy (d. 1992)
- 1917 Simone Gallimard, French editor and publisher (d. 1995)
- 1919 Victor Collin Matthews, British businessman, born in Islington, London (d. 1995)
- 1921 George Henderson, Scottish priest (Bishop of Argyll and the Isles from 1977-92), born in Oban, Scotland (d. 1996)
- 1923 Vladimir Tendryakov, Russian writer (Three, Seven, Ace), born in Makarovskaya, Vologda Oblast (d. 1984)
Anastasio Somoza Debayle (1925-1980)
President of Nicaragua (1967-72 and 1974-79), born in León, Nicaragua
- 1925 Glen "Frosty" Little, American circus clown (Ringling Brothers, 1968-91), and instructor (Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Clown College, 1980-87), born in Genoa, Nebraska (d. 2010)
- 1932 Fazu Aliyeva, Russian poet, novelist and journalist who helped develop Dagestani in Russian literature, born in Khunzakhsky District, Soviet Union (d. 2016)
- 1932 Sheldon Lee Glashow, American theoretical physicist (Electroweak theory, Georgi–Glashow model), born in NYC, New York
- 1933 Edward Daly, Irish Bishop "Bloody Sunday" priest, born in Belleek, County Fermanagh (d. 2016)
- 1934 Joan Didion, American author and journalist (The year of Magical Thinking), born in Sacramento, California
- 1935 Calvin Trillin, American author (New Yorker), born in Kansas City, Missouri
- 1936 James Lee Burke, American writer (Dave Robicheaux series), born in Houston, Texas
- 1939 Jack Whitten, American abstract painter, born in Bessemer, Alabama (d. 2018)
- 1940 Peter Pohl, Swedish writer, born in Hamburg, Germany
- 1943 Eva Joly, Norwegian-French magistrate and politician (Europe Écologie–The Greens), born in Grünerløkka, Oslo, Norway
- 1945 J W "Corkey" Fornof, American stunt coordinator (Octopussy), born in New Orleans, Louisiana
- 1946 Andy Kim [Andrew Joachim], Canadian rocker (Baby, I Love You), born in Montreal, Quebec
- 1947 Bruce Golding, Jamaican politician (8th Prime Minister of Jamaica 2007-11), born in Chapelton, Jamaica
- 1947 Jugderdemidjin Gurragcha, Mongolian cosmonaut (Soyuz 39), born in Gurvanbulag, Bulgan, Mongolia
- 1947 Tony Gregory, Irish politician, born in Dublin
- 1949 Bruce E Melnick, American Cmdr USCG/astronaut (STS 41, STS 49), born in NYC, New York
- 1949 Ray Comfort, New Zealand evangelist, born in Christchurch, New Zealand
- 1951 Anne-Mie van Kerckhoven, Belgian artist, born in Antwerp
- 1959 Nikki Gianulias, American ten-pin bowler (LPBT Rookie of Year 1979), born in Vallejo, California
- 1967 Konstantin-Assen, Prince of Vidin (fourth son of Tsar Simeon II of Bulgaria and his wife Doña Margarita Gómez-Acebo y Cejuela), born in Madrid
- 1969 Sajid Javid, British politician, Home Secretary (2018-), born in Littleborough, England
- 1973 Luboš Motl, Czech theoretical physicist, born in Plzeň, Czech Republic
- 1973 Sorin Grindeanu, Romanian Prime Minister (2017), born in Caransebeș, Romania
- 1978 Neil Druckmann, Israeli-American writer & co-president Naughty Dog, born in Israel