- 1377 King Ladislas of Naples (d. 1414)
- 1380 Poggio Bracciolini, Italian humanist who rediscovered lost classical texts, born in Terranuova, Republic of Florence (d. 1459)
- 1466 Elizabeth of York, Queen Consort of England and wife of King Henry VII, born in Westminster Palace, London (d. 1503)
- 1506 Juliana van Stolberg, engraver of Nassau
- 1535 Gregory XIV [Niccolo Sfondrati], Roman Catholic pope (1590-91)
- 1557 John Wtenbogaert, remonstrants theologist
- 1568 Honoré d'Urfé, French writer (d. 1625)
- 1649 William Carstares, Scottish minister (d. 1715)
- 1657 Bernard Fontenelle, French scientist/writer (Plurality of Worlds)
Louis Mandrin (1725-1755)
French smuggler considered the French Robin Hood, born in Dauphiné, France
- 1764 Marie-Joseph de Chénier, French poet (Caïus Gracchus), born in Constantinople, Ottoman Empire (d. 1811)
- 1774 Hans Järta, Swedish political activist (d. 1847)
- 1776 Ioannis Kapodistrias, Greek diplomat of the Russian Empire and first head of state of independent Greece (d. 1831)
- 1783 Jarena Lee, African American travelling minister
- 1799 Basil Moreau, French Founder priest (d. 1873)
William Henry Fox Talbot (1800-1877)
English photographic pioneer, born in Dorset, England
- 1802 Lydia Maria Child, American author, journalist and abolitionist (Juvenile Miscellany), born in Medford, Massachusetts (d. 1880)
Alexander H. Stephens (1812-1883)
American Vice President of the Confederate States (1861-65), born in Crawfordville, Georgia
- 1812 Benjamin Franklin Sands, Commander (Union Navy), (d. 1883)
- 1813 Otto Ludwig, German writer and critic (d. 1865)
- 1821 Auguste-Édouard Mariette, French Egyptologist (d. 1881)
- 1821 Hermann Allmers, writer
- 1829 William Anderson Pile, American politician, minister, and Brevet Major General (Union Army), born in Indianapolis, Indiana (d. 1889)
- 1833 Melville Fuller, American 8th chief justice, born in Augusta, Maine (d. 1910)
- 1839 Josiah Willard Gibbs, theoretical physicist/chemist
- 1840 Sanuel Dana Greene, Lt Cmdr (Union Navy), (d. 1884)
Thomas Edison (1847-1931)
American inventor (lightbulb, phonograph, motion picture camera), born in Milan, Ohio
- 1860 Rachilde [Marguerite Vallette-Eymery], French author (Monsieur Venus)
- 1867 August W Messer, German philosopher/educator/psychologist, born in Mainz (d. 1937)
- 1869 Else Lasker-Schüler, German writer (d. 1945)
- 1869 Helene Kroller-Muller, Dutch museum founder (d. 1939)
- 1872 Edward Johnston, British craftsman and calligrapher - "the father of modern calligraphy" (d. 1944)
- 1873 Feodor Chaliapine, Russian author/novelist (Pages from My Life)
- 1874 Elsa Beskow [Maartman], Swedish children's book/fairy tales author
- 1887 John van Melle, South African writer (Dawid Booysen)
- 1890 David Drummond, Australian politician (d. 1965)
- 1890 Jan de Vries, Dutch scholar of Germanic linguistics and Germanic mythology, born in Amsterdam (d. 1964)
- 1893 Johan C P Alberts, Dutch literary (Festival)
- 1894 Isaac M Kolthoff, chemist (Massenanalyse)
Leó Szilárd (1898-1964)
Hungarian-German-American nuclear physicist (Manhattan Project) and peace activist, born in Budapest, Hungary, Austro-Hungarian Empire
- 1900 Hans-Georg Gadamer, German philosopher
- 1900 Josei Toda, Japanese educator (d. 1958)
- 1900 Thomas Hitchcock Jr, great polo player (Westchester Cup 1924,27,30,39)
- 1901 Roddy Connolly, Irish politician, son of James Connolly (d. 1980)
- 1902 Arne Jacobsen, Danish architect (d. 1971)
- 1904 Henry R LaBouisse, headed UNICEF (1965-79)
Keith Holyoake (1904-1983)
26th Prime Minister of New Zealand (National: 1960-72), born in Pahiatua, New Zealand
- 1905 Beb [Elizabeth] Vuyk, Dutch/Indonesian writer (Camp diary)
- 1906 Denis Barnett, British air chief marshal (WWII, Suez Canal) (d. 1992)
- 1908 Sutan Takdir Alishahbana, Indonesian linguistic/author/novelist
- 1908 Vivian [Ernest] Fuchs, geologist/explorer (British Antarctic Survey)
- 1909 Joseph L Mankiewicz, Wilkes-Barre PA, film writer/director (Sleuth)
- 1911 Alec Cairncross, chancellor (Glasgow U)
- 1912 Roy Fuller, Failsworth, Lancashire, English poet/novelist (Lost Season)
- 1914 French Duynstee, Dutch constitutional lawyer
- 1915 Mervyn Levy, artist/critic
- 1915 Patrick Leigh Fermor, author
- 1915 Richard Hamming, American Mathematician and Computer Scientist (Hamming code), born in Chicago, Illinois (d. 1998)
- 1916 Bernice Levin Neugarten, social scientist/gerontologist
- 1917 Richard Jock Kinneir, graphic designer
Sidney Sheldon (1917-2007)
American novelist and playwright (Master of the Game, Bloodline, The Bachelor and the Bobby Soxer), born in Chicago, Illinois
- 1917 T. Nagi Reddy, Indian revolutionary (d. 1976)
- 1918 Margaret Heldt, American hairdresser who created the beehive hairstyle, born in Chicago, Illinois (d. 2016)
- 1920 Daniel F[rancis] Galouye, American sci-fi author (Dark Universe, Last Leap)
- 1920 Farouk I, Cairo, last King of Egypt (1936-52)
- 1920 Paul Peter Piech, artist
- 1921 Edward Seidensticker, American scholar (d. 2007)
- 1921 Lloyd Bentsen, (Sen-D-TX, 1971- )/1989 Dem VP nominee)
- 1923 Baroness Sharples, made a life peer after the assassination of her husband (Sir Richard Sharples)
- 1923 Ronald Arculus, British diplomat
- 1923 Sy Kattelson, American photographer, born in the Bronx, New York (d. 2018)
- 1924 Mary Tregear, Oriental art historian
- 1925 Virginia E. Johnson, American doctor and sexologist (Masters & Johnson), born in Springfield, Missouri (d. 2013)
- 1926 Paul Bocuse, French great chef (Legion of Honor), born in Collonges-au-Mont-d'Or, France (d. 2018)
- 1928 Archibald Forster, CEO (Esso UK)
- 1930 Roy De Forest, American Painter (d. 2007)
- 1932 Dennis Skinner, British politician (L), Chairman of the Labour Party (1988-89), born in Clay Cross, Derbyshire
Manuel Noriega (1934-2017)
Panamanian general and dictator (1983-89), born in a Panama City slum, Panama
- 1934 Mary Quant, English fashion designer (Chelsea Look, Mod Look), born in Kent, England
- 1934 Mel Carnahan, American politician (d. 2000)
- 1934 Patrick Holmes Sellors, British ophthalmologist (d. 2010)
- 1937 Marilyn Butler, Rector (Exeter College-Oxford)
- 1939 Bryan Gould, New Zealand and British politician (L), born in Hawera, New Zealand
- 1939 Jane Yolen, American sci-fi and children's literature author and poet (Spider Jane; Heart's Blood), born in Manhattan, New York City
- 1941 Glenn Randall Jr, stuntman (Species, Mrs Soffel, Return of the Jedi)
- 1941 Jeremy Mackenzie, general
- 1942 Archie Andrews, comic book character (Archie)
- 1943 Iain Cameron, British brigadier
- 1944 Buddhadev Dasgupta, director (Charachar, Grihajuddha)
- 1944 Michael G. Oxley, American politician (Rep-R-OH, 1981-2007), born in Findlay, Ohio (d. 2016)
- 1950 Ernest Istook, American politician (Rep-R-Oklahoma), born in Fort Worth, Texas
Jeb Bush (69 years old)
1953 American politician (Governor of Florida (R) 1999-2007), born in Midland, Texas
- 1953 Stephen Thorne, American naval officer, born in Frankfurt, Germany
- 1960 Richard Mastracchio, American astronaut, born in Waterbury, Connecticut
- 1962 Tammy Baldwin, American politician (Senator-D-Wisconsin 2013-), born in Madison, Wisconsin
- 1964 Ken Shamrock, American martial artist, born in Macon, Georgia
- 1964 Sarah Palin, American politician, born in Sandpoint, Idaho
- 1967 Scott Shay, American linguist, born in Lebanon, Pennsylvania
- 1974 Zain Verjee, Kenyan-born journalist, born in Nairobi, Kenya
- 1982 Kate Mulleavy, American fashion designer (Rodarte), born in Pasadena, California
- 1986 Gabriel Boric, Chilean activist and politician (Chile's youngest President 2022-), born in Punta Arenas, Chile
- 1990 Princess Ayah of Jordan, niece of King Abdullah II of Jordan, born in Amman, Jordan
Authors
Civil Rights Activists
Inventors
Kings
Revolutionaries
Scientists