- 1465 French van Brederode, leader of Hoeksen
- 1494 Francois Rabelais, French satirist (Gargantua and Pantagruel), born in La Devinière, Touraine, Kingdom of France (d. 1553)
- 1524 Luis de Camões, Portuguese poet (d. 1580)
- 1575 Pierre de Barulle, French cardinal
- 1620 Gustaf Bonde, Swedish statesman (d. 1667)
- 1646 Hans A Freiherr von Abschatz, Silesian poet
- 1688 Pierre De Marivaux, French writer (Marianne), born in Paris, France
- 1693 George Lillo, bourgeois English dramatist (London Merchant)
- 1725 Dru Drury, English entomologist (d. 1804)
Tadeusz Kościuszko (1746-1817)
Polish-Lithuanian Military Leader and statesman considered a national hero, born in Mereczowszczyzna, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
- 1764 Carel H Verhuell, Dutch/French vice-admiral/minister of Navy
- 1768 Maurits C van Hall, Dutch ruler of Heicop & Boeicop, lawyer/politician
- 1769 Samuel I Wiselius, Dutch lawyer/businessman/writer
- 1778 A. P. de Candolle, Swiss botanist (d. 1841)
- 1799 Joao Batista da Silva Leitao de Almeida Garret, Portuguese playwright
- 1802 Mark Hopkins, American educator/philosopher (Williams College)
- 1805 William H Ainsworth, English writer (Old St Paul's, Rookwood)
Emperor Norton (1819-1880)
British born self proclaimed "Norton I, Emperor of the United States", born in London, England
- 1826 Halbert Eleazer Paine, American lawyer and Brevet Major General (Union Army), born in Chardon, Ohio (d. 1905)
- 1831 Oliver Ames, 35th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1895)
- 1841 Clément Ader, French aviation pioneer (d. 1926)
- 1842 Georg Brandes [Morris Cohen], Danish literary historian and critic
- 1842 Vasili O Klyutshevski, Russian historian
- 1846 Nikolay Umov, Russian physicist and mathematician known for discovering the Umov-Poynting vector and Umov effect, born in Simbirsk, Russian Empire (d. 1915)
- 1848 [Francois-Victor-]Jean Aicard, Fren playwright/poet (Jeune Croyances)
- 1849 Jean Richepin, French poet/writer (Les Chansons de Gueux)
- 1859 Timofei Mikhailov, Russian revolutionary, member of Narodnaya Volya (d. 1881)
- 1865 Charles Bally, Swiss linguist (Le langage et la vie)
- 1868 Constance Gore-booth Markiewicy, Irish patriot/playwright/MP
- 1871 Friedrich Ebert, German politician, 1st Reichspräsident of the Weimar Republic (d. 1925)
- 1872 Gotse Delchev, a great Macedonian revolutionary, (d. 1903)
- 1875 Ludwig Prandtl, German physicist (father of aerodynamics)
- 1881 Fernand Léger, French painter (d. 1955)
- 1881 Kliment J Woroshilov, marshal/president USSR (1953-60)
- 1884 Julius Callewaert, Flemish dominican/bringing up children
- 1885 Cairine Ray Wilson, 1st female Canadian senator (appointed), born in Montreal, Quebec
- 1888 Paul Althaus, German theologist (The Christian Truth)
- 1889 Walter Catlett, American actor (Climax, Front Page, Tale of 2 Cities), born in San Francisco, California (d. 1960)
- 1891 Madabhushi Ananthasayanam Ayyangar, Speaker of Lok Sabha (d: 1978).
- 1892 Andreu Nin, Catalan politician (d. 1937)
- 1892 E. J. Pratt, Canadian poet (d. 1964)
- 1892 Ugo Betti, Italian playwright
Raymond Dart (1893-1988)
Australian paleoanthropologist (Australopithecus africanus), born in Brisbane, Queensland [1]
- 1895 Annie [Anna HM] Romein-Verschoor, Dutch historian (Erflaters)
- 1895 [Johann Baptist] Hanns Albin Rauter, German SS and Police leader in the occupied Netherlands, born in Klagenfurt, Austro-Hungarian Empire (d. 1949)
- 1896 Friedrich Glauser, writer
- 1896 Friedrich Hund, German physicist (d. 1997)
- 1897 Ludwig Erhard, chancellor of Germany (CDU)
Charles Lindbergh (1902-1974)
American aviator who was 1st to fly solo across the Atlantic, born in Detroit, Michigan
- 1902 Hartley Shawcross, British lawyer and politician (d. 2003)
- 1902 Manuel Álvarez Bravo, Mexican pioneering artistic photographer, born in Mexico City, Mexico (d. 2002) [1]
- 1903 Alexander Oppenheim, mathematician
- 1903 Frank Howley, Brigadier General (Answers for Americans), born in Hampton, New York
- 1904 Herman B. Wiardi Beckman, Dutch politician (SDAP)/resistance fighter
- 1904 MacKinlay Kantor, Webster City Iowa, novelist (Andersonville)
- 1906 Clyde William Tombaugh, American astronomer (discovered Pluto)
- 1906 Dietrich Bonhoeffer, German theologist (Confessing Church)
- 1909 Kenneth W Howell, English Anglican bishop (Chile/Bolivia/Peru)
- 1910 Uys Krige, South African playwright/novelist (Orphan of the Desert)
- 1912 Louis-Albert Cardinal Vachon, archbishop of Quebec (d. 2006)
- 1912 Ola Skjåk Bræk, Norwegian politician (d. 1999)
Rosa Parks (1913-2005)
American civil rights activist who refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger, born in Tuskegee, Alabama
- 1914 Alfred Andersch, German writer (Red Head)
- 1916 Basil Hembry, farmer/campaigner
- 1916 Gavin Buchanan Ewart, English poet (Pleasures of the Flesh)
- 1916 Shah Maghsoud Sadegh Angha, 41st master of the Oveyssi-Shahmaghsoudi Sufi Order (d. 1980)
- 1917 Aga Yahya Khan, Pakistan military/politician
- 1918 Luigi Pareyson, Italian philosopher (d. 1991)
- 1919 Frank van Klingeren, Dutch architect (De Meerpaal, Dronten)
- 1920 Derek Worlock, English Roman Catholic Archbishop Liverpool, born in London (d. 1996)
Betty Friedan (1921-2006)
American feminist and writer (The Feminine Mystique), born in Peoria, Illinois
- 1922 Pandit Bhimsen Joshi, Indian classical singer (khayal form of singing, bhajans, abhangs), born in Ron, Karnataka, India (d. 2011)
- 1923 Belisario Betancur, Colombian politician, President of Colombia (1982-86), born in Amagá, Colombia (d. 2018)
- 1925 Russell Hoban, American author (Riddley Walker, Pilgermann), born in Lansdale, Pennsylvania (d. 2011)
- 1926 John Edward Caulwell Hearne, writer
- 1929 Mary Joan Nielubowicz, rear admiral/nurse
- 1931 Isabel Martínez de Perón [Maria Martinez], wife of Juan Perón and President of Argentina (1974-76), born in La Rioja, Argentina
- 1935 Martti Talvela, Hiitola Karelia Finland, operatic basso
- 1936 Daan van Golden, Dutch sculptor
- 1938 Donald W Riegle Jr, (Sen-D-MI, 1976- )
- 1939 Jacques Charlier, Belgian sculptor
- 1939 Stan Lundine, American politician (Rep-D-NY, 1976-86, Lieutenant Governor of New York. 1987-94), born in Jamestown, New York
- 1940 Theodore "Ted" Stanley, American anesthesiologist and medical entrepreneur (created the fentanyl lollipop), born in Manhattan, New York (d. 2017)
- 1943 Alberto João Jardim, Portuguese president of the regional government of Madeira
- 1943 Ken Thompson, American computer scientist
- 1944 Daniel Mica, American politician (Rep-D-Florida, 1979-89), born in Binghamton, New York
- 1947 James Danforth "Dan" Quayle, USA (Sen-R-Ind, 44th Vice President 1989-93), born in Indianapolis, Indiana
- 1947 Sanford Bishop, American politician (Rep-D-Georgia), born in Mobile, Alabama
- 1948 Robert Coover, novelist (Pricksongs & Descants)
- 1948 Rod Grams, American TV anchor and politician (Senator-R-Minnesota 1995-2001, Rep-R-Minnesota 1993-95), born in Princeton, Minnesota (d. 2013)
- 1952 Li Yinhe, Chinese sexologist
- 1953 Jerome Powell, American Chair of the US Federal Reserve (2018-), born in Washington, D.C.
- 1953 Svetlana Ulmasova, USSR, 3K (world title 1978)
- 1955 Mikuláš Dzurinda, Slovak Prime minister
- 1957 Evan Wolfson, American attorney and activist
- 1958 Tomasz Pacyński, Polish writer
- 1958 Werner Schwab, Austrian playwright and artist, born in Graz (d. 1994)
- 1959 Tsitsi Dangarembga, Zimbabwean writer (Nervous Conditions) and playwright, born in Mutoko, Southern Rhodesia
- 1959 Zenani Mandela, daughter of Nelson & Winnie Mandela
- 1960 Siobhan Dowd, British/Irish author (d. 2007)
- 1961 Stewart O'Nan, American author (Snow Angels, The Names of the Dead), born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- 1962 Alfred Twardecki, Polish historian
- 1974 Mijntje Donners, Dutch hockey international
- 1979 Andrei Arlovski, Russian mixed martial artist
- 1990 Haruka Tomatsu, Japanese Seiyū, born in Ichinomiya, Aichi, Japan
Authors
Civil Rights Activists
Inventors
Kings
Revolutionaries
Scientists