- 1330 Ashikaga Yoshiakira, Japanese shogun (2nd shōgun of the Ashikaga shogunate) (d. 1367)
- 1546 Murad III, Ottoman Sultan (1574-95), born in Manisa, Ottoman Empire (d. 1595)
- 1610 Cornelis Evertsen the Elder, Dutch-Swiss vice-admiral, born in Flushing, Netherlands (d. 1666)
- 1610 Paul Scarron, French writer (Virgile Travesti), born in Paris (d. 1660)
- 1669 Alexander von Papenhoven, Flemish religious sculptor, born in Antwerp (d. 1759)
- 1715 Christian Fürchtegott Gellert, German poet and novelist (Fables & Tales), born in Hainchen, Germany (d. 1769)
- 1753 Jean-Pierre Blanchard, French ballonist (1st balloon flights in England and U.S.), born in Les Andelys, France (d. 1809)
- 1756 William Rush, American sculptor (Spirit of the Schuylkill), born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (d. 1833)
- 1790 George Everest, Welsh surveyor and namesake of Mt. Everest, born in Gwernvale, Brecknockshire, Wales (d. 1866)
- 1799 Oscar I, King of Sweden and Norway (1844-59), born in Paris (d. 1859)
- 1804 Désiré de Haerne, Belgian Catholic priest and Congressional leader, born in Ypres, Belgium (d. 1890)
Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804-1864)
American author (House of 7 Gables, The Scarlet Letter), born in Salem, Massachusetts
Giuseppe Garibaldi (1807-1882)
Italian general and nationalist (Risorgimento) who helped unify Italy, born in Nice, First French Empire
- 1816 Hiram Walker, American entrepreneur and founder of the Hiram Walker and Sons Ltd. distillery, born in East Douglas, Massachusetts (d. 1899)
- 1819 Reuben Fenton, American merchant and politician (22nd Governor of New York), born in Carroll, New York (d. 1885)
- 1826 Green Clay Smith, American politician and Brevet Major General (Union Army), born in Richmond, Kentucky (d. 1895)
- 1828 J. Johnston Pettigrew, American lawyer and Confederate General in the American Civil War, born in Tyrrell County, North Carolina (d. 1863)
- 1828 Wilhelm Ahlwardt, German orientalist, born in Greifswald, Germany (d. 1909)
- 1841 Edward Gailliard, Flemish linguist and archaeologist, born in Bruges, Belgium (d. 1922)
- 1842 Gustav Ratzenhofer, Austrian sociologist and general, born in Vienna, Austria (d. 1904)
- 1845 Thomas John Barnardo, British social worker, born in Dublin, Ireland (d. 1905)
James Anthony Bailey (1847-1906)
American circus ringmaster and showman (Barnum & Bailey), born in Detroit, Michigan
- 1854 Victor Babeş, Romanian physician and bacteriologist, born in Vienna, Austrian Empire (d. 1926)
- 1867 Stephen Mather, American industrialist and conservationist (organized US National Park Service), born in San Francisco, California (d. 1930)
- 1868 Henrietta Swan Leavitt, American astronomer (period-luminosity relation), born in Lancaster, Massachusetts (d. 1921)
- 1870 Pieter van der Lijn, Dutch geologist (Dutch boulders), born in Graft, Netherlands (d. 1964)
Calvin Coolidge (1872-1933)
30th US President (Republican: 1923-29), born in Plymouth Notch, Vermont
Rube Goldberg (1883-1970)
American cartoonist who made the easy outrageously difficult (Pulitzer Prize 1948), born in San Francisco, California
- 1884 Alexander Byvanck, Dutch art historian and archaeologist, born in Leiden, Netherlands (d. 1970)
- 1895 Massimo Campigli, Italian painter and illustrator, born in Berlin, Germany (d. 1971)
- 1896 Mao Dun [Shen Dehong], Chinese writer (Midnight), born in Tongxiang, China (d. 1981)
- 1898 Gulzarilal Nanda, Indian politician and economist, temporary Prime Minister of India (1964, 1966), born in Sialkot, British India (d. 1998)
- 1898 Pilar Barbosa, Puerto Rican historian and political activist, born in Bayamon, Puerto Rico (d. 1997)
Meyer Lansky (1902-1983)
Polish-born American mobster known as the "Mob's Accountant", born in Grodno, Russian Empire
- 1903 Rudolf Breslauer, German Jewish photographer (documented Westerbork transit camp), born in Leipzig, Germany (d. 1945)
- 1904 Isaac Bashevis Singer, Polish-American yiddish writer (Yentl, Nobel Prize for Literature 1978), born in Leoncin, Russian Empire (d. 1991)
- 1905 Irving Johnson, American sail training pioneer and adventurer, born in Hadley, Massachusetts (d. 1991)
- 1905 Lionel Trilling, American literary critic and author (1969 Poses Award, The Liberal Imagination), born in NYC, New York (d. 1975)
- 1906 Vincent Joseph Schaefer, American chemist and meteorologist (cloud seeding), born in Schenectady, New York (d. 1993)
- 1908 Aurelio Peccei, Italian industrialist and chairman (Club of Rome), born in Turin, Piedmont, Italy (d. 1984)
- 1909 Lynette Roberts, British poet, born in Buenos Aires, Argentina (d. 1995)
- 1909 Madeleine Barot, French activist and theologian, born in Châteauroux, France (d. 1995)
- 1910 Francis D. Foley, US Rear Admiral (WW II, Guadalcanal), born in Dorchester, Massachusetts (d. 1999)
- 1911 Mitch Miller, American oboist and recording producer (Sing Along with Mitch), born in Rochester, New York (d. 2010)
- 1914 Nuccio Bertone, Italian automobile designer, born in Turin, Piedmont, Italy (d. 1997)
- 1915 Christine Lavant, Austrian poet and writer (Das Kind), born in Lavant Valley, Carinthia, Austria (d. 1973)
- 1916 Fernand Leduc, Canadian abstract expressionist painter (Les Automatistes), and teacher, born in Viauville, Montreal, Quebec (d. 2014)
- 1916 Tokyo Rose [Iva Toguri D'Aquino], American-born Japanese propagandist (WWII), born in Los Angeles (d. 2006)
- 1917 Manolete [Manuel Laureano Rodríguez Sánchez], Spanish bullfighter, born in Córdoba, Andalucia, Spain (d. 1947)
- 1918 Abigail Van Buren [Pauline Phillips], American columnist and radio show host known for "Dear Abby" advice column, twin sister of fellow advice columnist Ann Landers (Eppie Lederer), born in Sioux City, Iowa (d. 2013)
- 1918 Ann Landers [Eppie Lederer], American advice columnist "Ask Ann Landers," twin sister of fellow advice columnist "Dear Abby" (Abigail Van Buren), born in Sioux City, Iowa (d. 2002)
- 1918 Buster Davis, American choral director (Garry Moore Show), born in Johnstown, Pennsylvania (d. 1987)
- 1918 Tāufaʻāhau Tupou IV, King of Tonga (1965-2006), born in Royal Palace, Nuku'alofa, Tonga (d. 2006)
- 1920 Leona Helmsley, American real estate billionaire convicted of federal income tax evasion, born in Marbletown, New York (d. 2007)
- 1921 Gérard Debreu, French-American economist (Nobel Prize, 1983), born in Calais, France (d. 2004)
- 1923 Rudolf Friedrich, Swiss politician and member of the Swiss Federal Council (1982-84), born in Winterthur, Switzerland (d. 2013)
- 1928 Patrick Tilley, British sci-fi author (1st Family, Blood River)
- 1928 Paul de Wispelaere, Flemish writer and critic, born in Bruges, Belgium (d. 2016)
- 1928 Sylvius Gerald Marie Rozendal, Premier of Netherlands Antilles, born in Willemstad, Curacao (d. 2003)
- 1930 Yury Tyukalov, Soviet rower (Olympic 1952,56 Gold), born in Leningrad, Russia (d. 2018)
- 1935 Paul Scoon, Grenadian politician (2nd Governor-General of Grenada (1978-92)), born in Gouyave, British Windward Islands (d. 2013)
- 1937 Sonja [Haraldsen], Queen consort of Norway (since 1991), born in Oslo, Norway
- 1937 Thomas Nagel, American philosopher and University Professor of Philosophy and Law Emeritus at New York University, born in Belgrade, Kingdom of Yugoslavia
- 1941 Brian Willson, American peace activist, born in New York
- 1941 Sergio Oliva, American body builder (The Myth, IFBB Mr. Olympia, 1967-9), born in Havana, Cuba (d. 2012)
- 1942 Michael, English Prince of Kent and paternal first cousin of Queen Elizabeth II, born in Coppins, Iver, Buckinghamshire, England
- 1942 Stefan Meller, Polish diplomat and 9th Minister of Foreign Affairs (2005-06), born in Lyon, France (d. 2008)
- 1946 Michael Milken, American financier and partner (Intl Capital Access Group), born in Los Angeles, California
- 1946 Ron Kovic, American anti-war activist and writer (Born on the Fourth of July), born in Ladysmith, Wisconsin
- 1950 David Jensen, Canadian-British radio DJ, born in Victoria, British Columbia
- 1951 Kathleen Kennedy Townsend, American Democratic politician and Lieutenant Governor of Maryland (1995-2003), born in Greenwich, Connecticut
- 1952 Álvaro Uribe Vélez, Colombian politician (31st President of Colombia), born in Medellín, Colombia
- 1957 Princess Chulabhorn of Thailand, the youngest daughter of King Bhumibol Adulyadej and Queen Sirikit, born in Amphorn Sathan Residential Hall Dusit Palace, Bangkok
- 1965 Jo Whiley, English radio DJ, born in Northampton, United Kingdom
- 1971 Koko, sign-language gorilla, born in San Francisco Zoo (San Francisco, California)
- 1998 Malia Obama, American daughter of Barack and Michelle Obama, born in Chicago, Illinois
- 2003 Alessia di Matteo, Italian medical figure (1st person to survive the transplantion of eight organs in a single operation), born in Genoa, Italy (d. 2005)