Birthdays in History on July 4

Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804-1864)

American author (House of 7 Gables, The Scarlet Letter), born in Salem, Massachusetts

Giuseppe Garibaldi (1807-1882)

Italian general and nationalist (Risorgimento) who helped unify Italy, born in Nice, First French Empire

1816 Hiram Walker, American entrepreneur and founder of the Hiram Walker and Sons Ltd. distillery, born in East Douglas, Massachusetts (d. 1899)
1819 Reuben Fenton, American merchant and politician (22nd Governor of New York), born in Carroll, New York (d. 1885)
1826 Green Clay Smith, American politician and Brevet Major General (Union Army), born in Richmond, Kentucky (d. 1895)
1828 J. Johnston Pettigrew, American lawyer and Confederate General in the American Civil War, born in Tyrrell County, North Carolina (d. 1863)
1828 Wilhelm Ahlwardt, German orientalist, born in Greifswald, Germany (d. 1909)
1841 Edward Gailliard, Flemish linguist and archaeologist, born in Bruges, Belgium (d. 1922)
1842 Gustav Ratzenhofer, Austrian sociologist and general, born in Vienna, Austria (d. 1904)
1845 Thomas John Barnardo, British social worker, born in Dublin, Ireland (d. 1905)

James Anthony Bailey (1847-1906)

American circus ringmaster and showman (Barnum & Bailey), born in Detroit, Michigan

1854 Victor Babeş, Romanian physician and bacteriologist, born in Vienna, Austrian Empire (d. 1926)
1867 Stephen Mather, American industrialist and conservationist (organized US National Park Service), born in San Francisco, California (d. 1930)
1868 Henrietta Swan Leavitt, American astronomer (period-luminosity relation), born in Lancaster, Massachusetts (d. 1921)
1870 Pieter van der Lijn, Dutch geologist (Dutch boulders), born in Graft, Netherlands (d. 1964)

Calvin Coolidge (1872-1933)

30th US President (Republican: 1923-29), born in Plymouth Notch, Vermont

1875 Giovanni & Giacomo Tocci, Italian Siamese twins, born in Locana (probable date),
1881 Ulysses S. Grant III, American soldier and planner, born in Chicago, Illinois (d. 1968)

Rube Goldberg (1883-1970)

American cartoonist who made the easy outrageously difficult (Pulitzer Prize 1948), born in San Francisco, California

1884 Alexander Byvanck, Dutch art historian and archaeologist, born in Leiden, Netherlands (d. 1970)
1895 Massimo Campigli, Italian painter and illustrator, born in Berlin, Germany (d. 1971)
1896 Mao Dun [Shen Dehong], Chinese writer (Midnight), born in Tongxiang, China (d. 1981)
1898 Gulzarilal Nanda, Indian politician and economist, temporary Prime Minister of India (1964, 1966), born in Sialkot, British India (d. 1998)
1898 Pilar Barbosa, Puerto Rican historian and political activist, born in Bayamon, Puerto Rico (d. 1997)

Meyer Lansky (1902-1983)

Polish-born American mobster known as the "Mob's Accountant", born in Grodno, Russian Empire

1903 Rudolf Breslauer, German Jewish photographer (documented Westerbork transit camp), born in Leipzig, Germany (d. 1945)
1904 Isaac Bashevis Singer, Polish-American yiddish writer (Yentl, Nobel Prize for Literature 1978), born in Leoncin, Russian Empire (d. 1991)
1905 Irving Johnson, American sail training pioneer and adventurer, born in Hadley, Massachusetts (d. 1991)
1905 Lionel Trilling, American literary critic and author (1969 Poses Award, The Liberal Imagination), born in NYC, New York (d. 1975)
1906 Vincent Joseph Schaefer, American chemist and meteorologist (cloud seeding), born in Schenectady, New York (d. 1993)
1908 Aurelio Peccei, Italian industrialist and chairman (Club of Rome), born in Turin, Piedmont, Italy (d. 1984)
1909 Lynette Roberts, British poet, born in Buenos Aires, Argentina (d. 1995)
1909 Madeleine Barot, French activist and theologian, born in Châteauroux, France (d. 1995)
1910 Francis D. Foley, US Rear Admiral (WW II, Guadalcanal), born in Dorchester, Massachusetts (d. 1999)
1911 Mitch Miller, American oboist and recording producer (Sing Along with Mitch), born in Rochester, New York (d. 2010)
1914 Nuccio Bertone, Italian automobile designer, born in Turin, Piedmont, Italy (d. 1997)
1915 Christine Lavant, Austrian poet and writer (Das Kind), born in Lavant Valley, Carinthia, Austria (d. 1973)
1916 Fernand Leduc, Canadian abstract expressionist painter (Les Automatistes), and teacher, born in Viauville, Montreal, Quebec (d. 2014)
1916 Tokyo Rose [Iva Toguri D'Aquino], American-born Japanese propagandist (WWII), born in Los Angeles (d. 2006)
1917 Manolete [Manuel Laureano Rodríguez Sánchez], Spanish bullfighter, born in Córdoba, Andalucia, Spain (d. 1947)
1918 Abigail Van Buren [Pauline Phillips], American columnist and radio show host known for "Dear Abby" advice column, twin sister of fellow advice columnist Ann Landers (Eppie Lederer), born in Sioux City, Iowa (d. 2013)
1918 Ann Landers [Eppie Lederer], American advice columnist "Ask Ann Landers," twin sister of fellow advice columnist "Dear Abby" (Abigail Van Buren), born in Sioux City, Iowa (d. 2002)
1918 Buster Davis, American choral director (Garry Moore Show), born in Johnstown, Pennsylvania (d. 1987)
1918 Tāufaʻāhau Tupou IV, King of Tonga (1965-2006), born in Royal Palace, Nuku'alofa, Tonga (d. 2006)
1920 Leona Helmsley, American real estate billionaire convicted of federal income tax evasion, born in Marbletown, New York (d. 2007)
1921 Gérard Debreu, French-American economist (Nobel Prize, 1983), born in Calais, France (d. 2004)
1923 Rudolf Friedrich, Swiss politician and member of the Swiss Federal Council (1982-84), born in Winterthur, Switzerland (d. 2013)
1928 Patrick Tilley, British sci-fi author (1st Family, Blood River)
1928 Paul de Wispelaere, Flemish writer and critic, born in Bruges, Belgium (d. 2016)
1928 Sylvius Gerald Marie Rozendal, Premier of Netherlands Antilles, born in Willemstad, Curacao (d. 2003)
1930 Yury Tyukalov, Soviet rower (Olympic 1952,56 Gold), born in Leningrad, Russia (d. 2018)
1935 Paul Scoon, Grenadian politician (2nd Governor-General of Grenada (1978-92)), born in Gouyave, British Windward Islands (d. 2013)
1937 Sonja [Haraldsen], Queen consort of Norway (since 1991), born in Oslo, Norway
1937 Thomas Nagel, American philosopher and University Professor of Philosophy and Law Emeritus at New York University, born in Belgrade, Kingdom of Yugoslavia
1941 Brian Willson, American peace activist, born in New York
1941 Sergio Oliva, American body builder (The Myth, IFBB Mr. Olympia, 1967-9), born in Havana, Cuba (d. 2012)
1942 Michael, English Prince of Kent and paternal first cousin of Queen Elizabeth II, born in Coppins, Iver, Buckinghamshire, England
1942 Stefan Meller, Polish diplomat and 9th Minister of Foreign Affairs (2005-06), born in Lyon, France (d. 2008)
1946 Michael Milken, American financier and partner (Intl Capital Access Group), born in Los Angeles, California
1946 Ron Kovic, American anti-war activist and writer (Born on the Fourth of July), born in Ladysmith, Wisconsin
1950 David Jensen, Canadian-British radio DJ, born in Victoria, British Columbia
1951 Kathleen Kennedy Townsend, American Democratic politician and Lieutenant Governor of Maryland (1995-2003), born in Greenwich, Connecticut
1952 Álvaro Uribe Vélez, Colombian politician (31st President of Colombia), born in Medellín, Colombia
1957 Princess Chulabhorn of Thailand, the youngest daughter of King Bhumibol Adulyadej and Queen Sirikit, born in Amphorn Sathan Residential Hall Dusit Palace, Bangkok
1965 Jo Whiley, English radio DJ, born in Northampton, United Kingdom
1971 Koko, sign-language gorilla, born in San Francisco Zoo (San Francisco, California)
1998 Malia Obama, American daughter of Barack and Michelle Obama, born in Chicago, Illinois
2003 Alessia di Matteo, Italian medical figure (1st person to survive the transplantion of eight organs in a single operation), born in Genoa, Italy (d. 2005)