Robert Jenkinson (1770-1828)
2nd Earl of Liverpool, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (Tory: 1812-27), born in London
- 1778 Beau [George Bryan] Brummel, English dandy, born in London, England (d. 1840)
- 1811 James Young Simpson, Scottish obstetrician who popularized chloroform for medicinal use, born in Bathgate, West Lothian, Scotland (d. 1870)
- 1812 Theophilus Toulmin Garrard, American Brigadier General (Union Army), born in Clay County, Kentucky (d. 1902)
- 1825 R. D. Blackmore, English novelist (Norie, Lorna Doone), born in Longworth, Berkshire, England (d. 1900)
- 1831 Amelia Edwards, English author (The Phantom Coach) and Egyptologist, born in London (d. 1892)
- 1837 Alois Hitler, father of Adolf Hitler, born in Strones, Waldviertel, Austrian Empire (d. 1903)
- 1840 Carlota of Mexico, princess of Belgium and empress consort of Mexico (1864-67), born in Brussels, Belgium (d. 1927)
Susan Blow (1843-1916)
American educator who pioneered kindergarten education and was known as the "Mother of the Kindergarten", born in St. Louis, Missouri
Paul Gauguin (1848-1903)
French post-impressionist painter who worked in French Polynesia, born in Paris
- 1862 Philipp Lenard, Austrian physicist (Nobel 1905), born in Pozsony, Austria-Hungary (d. 1947)
- 1868 Charles Rennie Mackintosh, Scottish architect, designer, and illustrator, born in Townhead, Glasgow (d. 1928)
- 1877 Charles Glover Barkla, English physicist (1917 Nobel Prize for Physics for X-ray scattering), born in Widnes, England (d. 1944)
- 1879 Joan Voûte, Dutch astronomer, born in Madioen, Java (d. 1963)
- 1879 Knud J. V. Rasmussen, Danish pole explorer (Thule), born in Jakobshavn, North Greenland, Kingdom of Denmark (d. 1933)
- 1881 Kanno Sugako, Japanese anarcho-feminist journalist, hanged for her role in the plot to assassinate Emperor Meiji, born in 881, Kita Ward, Osaka, Japan (d. 1911)
- 1883 Sylvanus Morley, American archaeologist and spy, born in Chester, Pennsylvania (d. 1948)
- 1884 Julius P. Hoste, Belgian journalist, daily newspaper publisher (Last News), and politician (Minister of Education, 1936-38; Senator 1949-54), born in Brussels, Belgium (d. 1954)
- 1886 Henri Coandă, Romanian aerodynamics pioneer, born in Bucharest, Romania (d. 1972)
- 1887 William Walraven, Dutch journalist and writer (Indian Daily) (d. 1943)
- 1891 Koos [Jacobus Jan] Vorrink, Dutch politician and socialist (SDAP/AJC/PvdA), born in Vlaardingen, Zuid, Holland, Netherlands (d. 1955)
- 1896 Douglas Campbell, American aviator and World War I flying ace, born in San Francisco, California (d. 1990)
Imre Nagy (1896-1958)
Hungarian communist and Prime Minister of Hungary (1953-56), born in Kaposvár, Hungary
- 1896 Robert S. Mulliken, American chemist and physicist (Nobel 1966), born in Newburyport, Massachusetts (d. 1986)
- 1899 Elizabeth Bowen, Anglo-Irish novelist (The Death of the Heart, Encounters), born in Dublin, Ireland (d. 1973)
- 1900 Jan Engelman, Dutch poet, translator and critic (Garden of Eros), born in Utrecht, the Netherlands (d. 1972)
- 1902 Herman B. Wells, president and chancellor of Indiana University, born in Jamestown, Indiana (d. 2000)
- 1909 Peter W. Rodino, American politician, U.S. House of Representatives from New Jersey (1949-89), born in Newark, New Jersey (d. 2005)
- 1910 Bradford Washburn, American explorer and cartographer, born in Cambridge, Massachusetts (d. 2007)
- 1910 Marion Post Wolcott, American photographer during the Great Depression, born in Montclair, New Jersey (d. 1990)
- 1911 Brooks Stevens, American automotive designer (1949 Hydra-Glide Harley; 1963 Jeep Wagoneer), born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin (d. 1995)
- 1913 Anthony David Machell Cox, medievalist
- 1917 Gwendolyn Brooks, American poet (Bean Eaters, Annie Allen, Pulitzer 1950), born in Topeka, Kansas (d. 2000)
- 1920 Georges Marchais, French political leader (French Communist Party), born in La Hoguette, France (d. 1997)
- 1921 Richard M. Givan, American jurist (Indiana Supreme Court, 1969-94), born in Indianapolis, Indians (d. 2009)
- 1923 Giorgio Belladonna, Italian bridge player (16 x World C'ships; 10 x European C'ships, Italy open team-of-four), born in Rome (d. 1995)
- 1923 Jules Deschênes, Canadian Quebec Superior Court judge, born in Montreal, Quebec (d. 2000)
- 1927 Martin Carter, Guyanese poet and political activist, born in Georgetown, Guyana (d. 1997)
- 1928 Anthony Nicholas Maria Wahl, American historian, born in New York (d. 1996)
- 1928 David Malcolm Lewis, English historian, expert in Greek Epigraphy, born in London (d. 1994)
- 1928 James Jude, American thoracic surgeon (developed CPR), born in Maple Lake, Minnesota (d. 2015)
John Turner (1929-2020)
17th Prime Minister of Canada (1984), born in Richmond, England
- 1931 David Driskell, American artist and champion of African American art, born in Eatonton, Georgia (d. 2020)
- 1931 Malcolm Morley, English-American painter, born in London (d. 2018)
- 1933 Henk Koning, Dutch State Secretary of Finances (VVD), born in Beilen, Netherlands (d. 2016)
- 1935 Thomas Kailath, American electrical engineer, born in Pune, Maharashtra, India
- 1938 Judy Ann Scott-Fox, literary agent, born in Devon, England (d. 1994)
- 1941 Tony Ray-Jones, British photographer, born in Wells (d. 1972)
Muammar Gaddafi (1942-2011)
Libyan revolutionary, political theorist and dictator (1969-2011), born in Qasr Abu Hadi, Libya
- 1943 Mel Levine, American politician (Rep-D-CA, 1983-93), born in Los Angeles, California
- 1943 Nikki Giovanni, American poet (LHJ Woman of the Year 1973), born in Knoxville, Tennessee
- 1945 Wolfgang Schüssel, Austrian People's Party politician, born in Vienna, Austria
- 1946 Jenny Jones [Janina Stronski], Canadian comedienne (Jenny Jones Show), born in Bethlehem, Palestine
- 1954 Louise Erdrich, American author (Love Medicine, The Bingo Palace), born in Little Falls, Minnesota
- 1955 Bill Koch, American skier, born in Brattleboro, Vermont
- 1957 Ruth Anderson, Welsh rug hooker famous for her folk rugs
- 1958 Francesca Thyssen, Swiss art collector, born in Lausanne, Switzerland
- 1958 Surakiart Sathirathai, Deputy Prime Minister of Thailand
Mike Pence (63 years old)
1959 48th Vice President of the United States (Republican: 2017-21) and Governor of Indiana (2013-16), born in Columbus, Indiana
- 1965 Damien Hirst, English artist (animals in formaldehyde artworks), born in Bristol, England
- 1971 Alex X. Mooney, American politician
- 1972 Ben Ray Luján, American politician (Senator-D-New Mexico 2021-, Rep-D-NM 2009-2021), born in Santa Fe, New Mexico
- 1978 Adrienne Frantz, (Tiffany Thorne-Sunset Beach), born in Mt Clemens, Michigan
- 1979 Anne McClain, American army officer and NASA astronaut (Soyuz MS-11), born in Spokane, Washington
- 1993 Jordan Fry, American actor (Charlie and the Chocolate Factory), born in Spokane, Washington