- 1544 Torquato Tasso, Italian Renaissance poet (Aminta, Apologia), born in Sorrento, Kingdom of Naples (d. 1595)
- 1549 Henric/Hendrik Spieghel, Dutch Renaissance writer and poet (Hertspiegel)
- 1596 Isaac Elsevier, book publisher
- 1725 Henry Benedict Stuart, pretender to the throne of Great Britain (d. 1807)
- 1730 Otto Friedrich Müller, Copenhagen, Danish Naturalist who was a pioneer in the study of microorganisms including bacteria, diatoms, and infusoria
- 1731 Robert Treat Paine, judge, signer (Declaration of Independence)
- 1738 Benjamin Tupper, Continental Army officer, and pioneer to the Ohio Country (d. 1792)
- 1785 John McLean, American Supreme Court Justice (1829-61) and Postmaster General, born in Morris County, New Jersey (d. 1861)
- 1787 Ivan Nabokov, Russian general (d. 1852)
- 1793 Jan F Willems, Flemish writer/philologist
- 1811 Marsena Rudolph Patrick, American Brevet Major General (Union Army), born in Hounsfield, New York (d. 1888)
- 1811 Urbain Jean Joseph le Verrier, co-discoverer (Neptune)
- 1812 James Speed, Atty Gen (Union), (d. 1887)
- 1818 John Wilkins Whitfield, American Brigadier General (Confederate Army), born in Franklin, Tennessee (d. 1879)
- 1819 Henry Tate, English sugar producer (Tate Gallery)
- 1822 Allison Nelson, Brigadier General (Confederate Army), (d. 1862)
- 1832 Franz Melde, German phyicist (Melde test)
- 1832 William Ruffin Cox, Brigadier General (Confederate Army), (d. 1919)
- 1840 Edmund Kirby Jr, American Brigadier General (Union Army), born in Brownville, New York(d. 1863)
- 1846 Antonio C G Crespo, Brazilian/Portuguese poet
- 1860 Thomas Hastings, American architect (NY Public Library), born in NYC, New York
- 1863 Wobbe de Vries, Dutch linguist
- 1870 Louis Bachelier, French mathematician (d. 1946)
- 1872 Abraham van Stolk Jzn, lumber merchant/art collector
- 1876 David Wijnkoop, Dutch revolutionary socialist, born in Amsterdam, Netherlands (d. 1941)
- 1879 Niels Bjerrum, Danish chemist (ph tests)
- 1880 Harry H. Laughlin, American eugenecist (d. 1943)
- 1884 Lewi Pethrus, Swedish politician (d. 1974)
- 1890 Vannevar Bush, developed 1st electronic analogue computer
- 1892 Wladyslaw Anders, Polish general (WW I, WW II)
- 1899 Frederick IX [Christian FFMKWG], King of Denmark (1947-72)
- 1902 Josef Martin Bauer, writer
- 1903 Dorothy Schiff, American owner and publisher (NY Post), born in NYC, New York (d. 1989)
- 1903 Ronald Syme, New Zealand classicist and historian, born in Eltham, New Zealand (d. 1989)
James Franklin Hyde
1903 James Franklin Hyde, American inventor who created silica, born in Solvay, New York (d. 1999)
James Franklin Hyde
- 1904 Cornelis Jan Bakker, Dutch/US nuclear physicist
- 1904 Maurits Wertheim, Dutch writer (Isaac De Fuentes)
- 1906 Zino Davidoff, Ukrainian businessman, born in Novhorod-Siversky, Ukraine (d. 1994)
- 1907 Eleni Gatzoyiannis, heroine (saved her kids)
- 1907 Helmuth J von Moltke, German politician (July 20th plot)
- 1907 Margaret Herbison, British minister (Labour)
- 1910 Robert H G Havemann, German chemist
- 1912 Robert Clifford Latham, pepys Scholar
- 1913 Thomas Gray, English professor & anaesthetist
- 1915 Karl Krolow, German poet and translator, born in Hannover (d. 1999)
- 1915 J. C. R. Licklider, American computer scientist and Internet pioneer (d. 1990)
Harold Wilson
1916 Harold Wilson, British Prime Minister (Labour: 1964-70, 1974-76), born in Huddersfield, England (d. 1995)
Harold Wilson
- 1916 Ezra Jack Keats, children's literature author (d. 1983)
- 1917 Robert L Carter, Caryville, Florida, American civil rights activist and judge (Brown v. Board of Education, NAACP v. Alabama) (d. 2012)
- 1920 D J Enright, England, poet/novelist (Some Men are Brothers)
- 1920 Henry Marking, CEO (British Airways)
- 1920 Kenneth Dover, chancellor (St Andrews University)
- 1921 F. M. Busby, American sci-fi author (Star Rebel)
- 1921 Frank Harary, American mathematician (d. 2005)
- 1922 Abdul Razak bin Hussain, premier of Malaysia (1970-77)
- 1922 Cornelius Castoriadis, Greek philosopher and economist, born in Constantinople, Ottoman Empire (d. 1997)
- 1923 Alexander Xaver Gwerder, Swiss writer, born in Thalwil, Zurich (d. 1952)
- 1923 Ad[rianus C] de Besten, Dutch literary (River Basin)
- 1923 Morschi Mirando [Thomas Weiss], German/Dutch gypsy artist
- 1925 James Miskin, QC/recorder of London
- 1926 Adrienne Keith Cohen, travel editor
- 1926 Patricia Tindaole, England, architect
Ralph Abernathy
1926 Ralph Abernathy, American civil rights leader (Southern Christian Leadership Conference), born in Linden, Alabama (d. 1990)
Ralph Abernathy
- 1926 Thomas Starzl, American surgeon, performed 1st successful liver transplant, born in Le Mars, Iowa (d. 2017)
- 1927 Alan Betts, emeritus professor (Royal Veterinary College)
- 1927 Raymond Jackson [Jaki], British cartoonist
- 1927 Robert Mosbacher, US politician(?)
- 1927 Ron Todd, British trade unionist
- 1928 Peter Roger Hunt, director (Dr No), born in London, England
- 1929 Erskine Childers, Irish writer and United Nations civil servant official, born in Dublin, Ireland (d. 1996)
- 1930 David Gentleman, designer/painter
- 1931 Peter Walters, CEO (Midland Bank)
- 1932 Nigel Lawson, British government official (The Power Game)
- 1933 Terry J Hatter Jr, American judge in California
- 1934 George Stamatoyannopoulos, Greece, medical genetics researcher
- 1934 Keith Speed, British MP
- 1936 Antonin Scalia, 105th Supreme Court Justice (1986-2016), born in Trenton, New Jersey (d. 2016)
- 1938 Malcolm Keith Speed, British high court judge
- 1939 Lorraine Hunt, American businesswoman, and former Lieutenant Governor of Nevada, born in Niagara Falls, New York
- 1945 Timothy Mason, consultant (British Arts Council)
- 1947 Geoffrey Hunt, Australia, world-champion squash player
- 1948 Roy Barnes, 80th Governor of Georgia
- 1950 Jerry Zucker, American director (Airplane, Naked Gun), born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Douglas Adams
1952 Douglas Adams, English author (Hitchiker's Guide to the Galaxy), born in Cambridge, England (d. 2001)
Douglas Adams
- 1954 Gale Norton, 48th United States Secretary of the Interior
- 1956 Curtis L Brown Jr, NC, astronaut (STS 47, STS 66, 77, 85, sk:95)
- 1957 The Lady Chablis [Benjamin Knox], American transgender entertainer (Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil), born in Quincy, Florida (d. 2016)
- 1957 Qasem Soleimani, Iranian major general of the Quds Force of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, born in Kerman, Iran (d. 2020)
- 1958 Jim Pinkerton, American pundit
- 1958 Flemming Rose, Danish journalist
- 1958 Ghazi Mashal Ajil al-Yawer, interim President of Iraq
- 1962 Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed, Somali diplomat and 9th President of Somalia (2017-present), born in Mogadishu, Somalia
- 1965 Jesse Jackson, Jr., American politician
- 1966 Pavel Petrovich Mukhortov, Russian cosmonaut
- 1966 Joe Hachem, Australian poker player (first Australian to win World Series of Poker, 2005 record $7.5m), born in Lebanon
- 1967 Brad Carson, American politician
- 1970 Delia Gallagher, American journalist
- 1974 Jon Dalton, the infamous "Jonny Fairplay" from the 7th and 16th season of Survivor
- 1975 Eric the Midget [Eric S. Lynch], Rodeo, California, American radio personality
- 1978 Christopher Rice, American author (A Density of Souls, The Snow Garden), born in Berkeley, California
- 1984 Tom James, British rower