- 1188 Ferrand, Count of Flanders, son of Sancho I, born in Coimbra, Portugal (d. 1223)
- 1441 Ernst I, Elector of Saxony (1464-86), born in Meissen (d. 1486)
- 1494 Georgius Agricola, German mineralogist (De Re Metallica), born in Glauchau, Saxony (d. 1555)
- 1607 Michiel de Ruyter, Dutch admiral (famous victories during Anglo-Dutch Wars), born in Vlissingen, in the Spanish Netherlands (d. 1676)
- 1628 Sophie Amalie of Brunswick-Lüneburg, queen of Denmark and Norway (d. 1685)
- 1630 José Saenz d'Aguirre, Spanish cardinal, born in Logro, Old Castile (d. 1699)
- 1657 Arai Hakuseki, Japanese writer and politician (d. 1725)
John Harrison (1693-1776)
English carpenter and clockmaker who invented the marine chronometer to calculate longitude while at sea, born in Foulby, Yorkshire, England
Joseph Priestley (1733-1804)
English chemist, theologian and author who discovered oxygen and carbonated water, born in Birstall, England
- 1755 Rufus King, American politician and framer of US constitution, born in Scarborough, Massachusetts (d. 1827)
- 1782 Orest Kiprensky, Russian painter (d. 1836)
- 1796 John Corry Wilson Daly, Canadian politician (d. 1878)
- 1797 Antonio Rosmini-Serbati, Italian philosopher and priest (founder Institute of Charity), born in Rovereto, Austro-Hungarian Empire (d. 1855)
- 1802 Jacob van Lennep, Dutch poet and novelist (The Adopted Son), born in Amsterdam, Netherlands (d. 1868)
- 1809 Joseph Liouville, French mathematician (discover of transcendental numbers), born in Saint-Omer, France (d. 1882)
- 1820 Edmond Becquerel, French physicist who studied the solar spectrum, magnetism, electricity and optics (photovoltaic effect), born in Paris, France (d. 1891)
- 1821 Rachel Félix, Swiss-born French actress in tragedies (mistress of Napoleon III), born in Mumpf, Switzerland (d. 1858)
- 1821 [George] Hector Tyndale, American Brevet Major General (Union Army), born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (d. 1880)
- 1829 George Francis Train, American businessman (d. 1904)
- 1829 Ignacio Zaragoza, Mexican general (d. 1862)
- 1830 Robert Hamerling, Austrian poet (d. 1889)
- 1834 John Wesley Powell, American geologist, explorer (Grand Canyon) and ethnologist, born in Mount Morris, New York (d. 1902)
- 1834 William Morris, English arts and Crafts designer, craftsman (championed handmade production), poet and socialist, born in Walthamstow, London, England (d. 1896) [1]
- 1835 Josef Stefan, Slovenian-Austrian physicist (Stefan-Boltzmann law), born in St. Peter, Austria (d. 1893)
- 1837 Prince Philippe, Count of Flanders and son of Leopold I, born in Royal Castle of Laeken, Belgium (d. 1905)
- 1848 Honoré Beaugrand, Quebec journalist and newspaper publisher (La Patrie) (d. 1906)
- 1850 Silas Hocking, British novelist and preacher (d. 1935)
Andrew Mellon (1855-1937)
American banker (Mellon Bank), industrialist and Secretary of the Treasury (1921-32), born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- 1855 Olive Schreiner, South African writer (Portrait of a South African Woman), born in Wittebergen, Eastern Cape (d. 1920)
- 1874 Luigi Einaudi, Italian economist and politician (1st president of Italy 1948-55), born in Carrù, Italy (d. 1961)
- 1878 Top Naeff, Dutch writer (School Idylls), born in Dordrecht, Netherlands (d. 1953)
- 1883 James I Wedgwood, British theosophist and bishop (Liberal Catholic Church), born in London (d. 1951)
- 1884 Peter Debye, Dutch-American physical chemist (Nobel Prize for Chemistry 1936 for investigations of dipole moments, X-rays, and light scattering in gases), born in Maastricht, Netherlands (d. 1966)
- 1886 Athenagoras I, Greek Patriarch of Constantinople (d. 1972)
- 1886 Edward Weston, American photographer (d. 1958)
- 1888 Viktor Kingissepp, Estonian Bolshevik politician (d. 1922)
- 1890 John Rock, American obstetrician and gynecologist who co-developed the 1st birth control pill, born in Marlborough, Massachusetts (d. 1984)
- 1891 Charley Toorop, Dutch painter (3 Generations), born in Katwijk, Netherlands (d. 1955)
- 1891 John Knittel, Swiss writer, born in Dharwar, India (d. 1970)
- 1891 Sergey Ivanovich Vavilov, Soviet physicist (d. 1951)
- 1896 Gianna Manzini, Italian writer (Ritratto in piedi), born in Pistoia, Italy (d. 1974)
- 1897 Charles Eyck, Dutch painter and sculptor (Limburg School), born in Meerssen, Netherlands (d. 1983)
- 1897 Wilhelm Reich, Austrian-American psychoanalyst (coined term "sexual revolution", worked with Freud), born in Dobzau, Austria-Hungary (d. 1957)
- 1898 Dorothy Stratton, American coast guard officer (1st woman officer in US Coast Guard, SPARS), born in Brookfield, Missouri (d. 2006)
- 1898 George Alpert, American railroad executive (New Haven Line), born in Boston, Massachusetts (d. 1988)
- 1901 Ub Iwerks, American cartoonist (d. 1971)
Thomas E. Dewey (1902-1971)
Governor of NY and Republican presidential candidate (1944, 1948), born in Owosso, Michigan
- 1903 Adolph Butenandt, German bio-chemist (Nobel Prize for Chemistry 1939 for work on sex hormones), born in Bremerhaven-Wesermünde, Germany (d. 1995)
- 1903 Malcolm Muggeridge, English journalist, critic and spy (Observer of Life), born in Croydon, England (d. 1990)
- 1905 Pura Santillan-Castrence, Filipino writer and diplomat (d. 2007)
- 1907 Janet Harmon Bragg, American pilot (1st female black aviator to hold a commercial pilot's license), born in Griffin, Georgia (d. 1993) [1]
- 1907 Lauris Norstad, American general (NATO commander) and CEO (Owens-Corning Fiberglass), born in Minneapolis, Minnesota (d. 1988)
- 1907 Lydia Chukovskaya, Soviet writer and dissident (Andrei Sakharov Prize for Writer's Civic Courage), born in Helsingfors, Duchy of Finland (d. 1996)
- 1907 Paul Sauvé, Quebec politician (d. 1960)
Clyde Barrow (1909-1934)
American bank robber and outlaw (Bonnie & Clyde), born in Ellis County, Texas
- 1911 Herman W. "Fritz" Liebert, American rare books scholar and librarian (Yale University), born in New York City (d. 1994)
- 1911 Jane Beverly Drew, English modernist architect, born in Croydon (d. 1996)
Dorothy Height (1912-2010)
American civil rights and women's rights activist (National Council of Negro Women), born in Richmond, Virginia
- 1916 Donald Hamilton, Swedish-American novelist (d. 2006)
- 1917 Constantine Andreou, Greek-Brazilian artist (d. 2007)
- 1917 John Kendrew, British molecular biologist, Nobel laureate (d. 1997)
- 1918 Englebert van Anderlecht, Belgian abstract painter, born in Brussels, Belgium (d. 1961)
- 1919 John J. Duncan Sr., American politician (Rep-R-TN, 1965-1988), born in Huntsville, Tennessee (d. 1988)
- 1919 Lawrence Ferlinghetti, American beat poet (Coney Island of the Mind), born in Bronxville, New York (d. 2021) [1]
- 1919 Robert Heilbroner, American economist (d. 2005
- 1921 Sir Wilson Harris, Guyanese author (Palace of the Peacock:; Jonestown; The Ghost of Memory), born in New Amsterdam, British Guiana (d. 2018)
- 1922 Onna White, Canadian choreographer (d. 2005)
- 1923 Edna Jo Hunter, expert on military families & prisoners of war
- 1926 Dario Fo, Italian playwright and performer (Nobel Prize Literature 1997), born in Sangiano (d. 2016)
- 1932 Yuri Anatoyevich Ponomaryov, Russian cosmonaut (Soyuz 18 backup)
- 1935 Peter Bichsel, Swiss writer (Gruppe Olten), born in Bellach
- 1936 David Suzuki, Canadian scientist and environmentalist
- 1937 Erskine Sandiford, Premier of Barbados, 1987-94)
- 1938 David Irving, British historian
- 1940 Robert "Bob" Mackie, American fashion designer (RuPaul, Tina Turner, Judy Garland, Carol Burnett, Barbra Streisand, Cher), born in Monterey Park, California
- 1943 Martin Lancaster, American politician (Rep-D-NC 1987-95), born in Wayne, North Carolina
- 1944 Vojislav Koštunica, Serbian Prime Minister
- 1945 Robert T. Bakker, American paleontologist
- 1946 Kitty O'Neil, American stuntwoman (The Bionic Woman) & racer (female land speed record), born in Corpus Christi, Texas (d. 2018)
- 1947 Christine Gregoire (née O'Grady), American politician (Governor of Washington, 2005-13), born in Adrian, Michigan
- 1947 Pieter W Coetzer, South African journalist/MP (NP)
- 1949 Ranil Wickremesinghe, Sri Lankan politician (Prime Minister of Sri Lanka 2022-), born in Colombo, Ceylon
- 1951 Kenneth S Reightler Jr, Patuxent R Md, Cmdr USN/astro (STS 48, 60)
- 1951 Tommy Hilfiger, American fashion designer, born in Elmira, New York
- 1952 Reinhard Genzel, German astrophysicist (2020 Nobel Prize for Physics for work on black holes), born in Bad Homburg vor der Höhe, West Germany
- 1954 Irina Ratushinskaya, Soviet dissident poet (Beyond the Limit), born in Odessa, Ukraine, Soviet Union (d. 2017)
- 1954 Mike Braun, American politician (Senator-R-Indiana 2019-), born in Jasper, Indiana
- 1957 Scott J Horowitz, PhD/Capt USAF/astronaut (STS 75, 82), born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- 1960 Grayson Perry, English cross-dressing artist (Turner Prize 2003), born in Chelmsford
- 1978 Michael Braun, Australian rules footballer
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