- 973 Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor (1014-24) and King of Germany (1002-24), born in Abbach, Bavaria, Holy Roman Empire (d. 1024)
- 1397 Sejong the Great, 4th King of Joseon (1418-50), born in Hanseong, Kingdom of Joseon (d. 1450)
- 1501 Marcellus II [Marcello Cervini], Italian humanist and Pope (1555, 22 days), born in Montefano, Marche, Papal States (d. 1555)
Innocent X (1574-1655)
236th Pope (1644-55), born in Rome
- 1581 Frans Francken the Younger, Flemish painter, born in Antwerp (d. 1642)
- 1606 Lorenzo Lippi [Perlone Zipoli], Italian poet and painter, born in Florence (d. 1664)
- 1638 Henry Capell, 1st Baron Capell, English politician and First Lord of the British Admiralty, born in Hadham Parva, Hertfordshire (d. 1696)
- 1668 Alain-René Lesage, French author (Turcaret ou le Financier), born in Sarzeau, France (d. 1747)
- 1713 Charles Batteux, French philosopher, born in Alland'Huy-et-Sausseuil, Ardennes (d. 1780)
Maximilien Robespierre (1758-1794)
French revolutionary (President of the National Convention, Member of Committee of Public Safety), born in Arras, France
- 1759 François Andrieux, French playwright, born in Strasbourg, France (d. 1833)
- 1769 Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany (1790-1801), born in Florence (d. 1824)
- 1786 Ludwig Borne [Loeb Baruch], German-Jewish writer, born in Frankfurt (d. 1837)
- 1800 Roman Sanguszko, Polish aristocrat and general, born in Volhynia (d. 1881)
- 1801 George Sears Greene, American Brevet Major General (Union Army), born in Apponaug, Rhode Island (d. 1899)
- 1802 Wilhelm Schirmer, German landscape artist, born in Berlin (d. 1866)
- 1806 Chapin A. Harris, American dentist who founded the America Society of Dental Surgeons, born in Pompey, New York (d. 1860)
- 1812 Martin Delany, African-American abolitionist and physician (1st African American major in US Army), born in Charles Town, Virginia (d. 1885)
- 1813 Joseph Tarr Copeland, American Brigadier General (Union Army), born in New Castle, Maine (d. 1893)
- 1825 Joseph Bailey, American civil engineer and Brevet Major General (Union Army), born in Morgan County, Ohio (d. 1867)
- 1829 Phoebe Ann Coffin Hanaford, 1st female ordained minister in New England, born in Siasconset, Massachusetts (d. 1921)
- 1843 Grove Karl Gilbert, American geologist (investigated Lake Bonneville, Utah), born in Rochester, New York (d. 1918)
- 1849 Wyatt Eaton, Canadian-American artist, born in Philipsburg, Quebec (d. 1896)
Robert Peary (1856-1920)
American arctic explorer who claimed to have 1st reached geographic North Pole (Apr 6 1909), born in Cresson, Pennsylvania
Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)
Austrian neurologist and father of psychology, born in Freiberg, Austrian Empire
- 1859 Luis María Drago, Argentine statesman and author of Drago Doctrine, born in Buenos Aires (d. 1921)
- 1859 Willem Kloos, Dutch poet (Act of Simple Justice), born in Amsterdam (d. 1938)
- 1861 Motilal Nehru, Indian lawyer and freedom fighter, born in Agra, British India (d. 1931)
- 1868 Władysław Reymont, Polish novelist (Chiopi, Nobel-1924), born in Kobiele Wielkie, Petrokov Governorate, Congress Poland (d. 1925)
- 1869 Joseph Cuvelier, Belgian historian and general archivist, born in Bilzen, Belgium (d. 1947)
Amadeo Giannini (1870-1949)
American banker and entrepreneur (founded Bank of America), born in San Jose, California
- 1870 John T. McCutcheon, American cartoonist (Pulitzer Prize-1931), born in South Raub, Tippecanoe County, Indiana (d. 1949)
- 1871 Christian Morgenstern, German poet (Ich und die Welt), born in Munich (d. 1914)
- 1871 Victor Grignard, French chemist (Nobel 1912 - development of the Grignard reaction), born in Cherbourg, France (d. 1935)
- 1872 Willem de Sitter, Dutch scientist and cosmologist (developed theoretical models of the universe based on Albert Einstein’s general theory of relativity), born in Sneek, Netherlands (d. 1934)
- 1875 William D. Leahy, American admiral and chief of staff (1949), born in Hampton, Iowa (d. 1959)
- 1879 Bedřich Hrozný, Czech orientalist and linguist (development of Hittitology), born in Lysá nad Labem, Bohemia, Austria-Hungary (d. 1952)
- 1880 Edmund Ironside, 1st Baron Ironside, British fieldmarshal, born in Edinburgh, Scotland (d. 1959)
- 1882 Wilhelm, the last Crown Prince of the German Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia, born in Marmorpalais, Potsdam, German Empire (d. 1951)
- 1883 José Ortega y Gasset, Spanish philosopher and author (The Revolt of the Masses), born in Madrid, Spain (d. 1955)
- 1888 Emanuel Celler, American politician (Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York), born in Brooklyn, New York (d. 1981)
- 1889 Stanley Morison, British typographer, born in Wanstead, Essex (d. 1967)
- 1895 Fidél Pálffy, Hungarian National socialist (leading supporter of Nazism in Hungary), born in Szentgyörgy, Austria-Hungary (d. 1946)
- 1895 Júlio César de Mello e Souza, Brazilian writer (The Man Who Counted), born in Rio de Janeiro (d. 1974)
- 1897 Paul Alverdes, German writer (Pfeiferstube), born in Strasbourg, France (d. 1979)
- 1898 Daniel Frank Gerber, American manufacturer of baby food, born in Fremont, Michigan (d. 1974)
- 1902 Harry Golden, Jewish-American journalist and writer (Only in America), born in Mikulintsy, Ukraine (d. 1981)
- 1902 Max Ophüls, German director (The Earrings of Madame de...), born in Saarbrücken, German Empire (d. 1957)
- 1902 Walter Dawson, British Air Chief marshal (d. 1994)
- 1904 Harry Martinson, Swedish novelist and poet (Trade Wind-Nobel 1974), born in Jämshög, Sweden (d. 1978)
- 1904 Moshé Feldenkrais, Ukrainian-Israeli engineer and physicist (founder of the Feldenkrais method), born in Slavuta, Russian Empire (d. 1984)
- 1905 Bernard "Toots" Shor, New York restaurateur (Toots Shor's Restaurant), born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (d. 1977)
- 1906 André Weil, French mathematician (foundational work in number theory and algebraic geometry), born in Paris (d. 1998)
- 1906 Enrique Laguerre, Puerto Rican writer (La Llamarada), born in Moca, Puerto Rico (d. 2005)
- 1910 Antoon Breyne, Belgian journalist, born in Ypres, Belgium (d. 1986)
- 1912 B. Roest Crollius, Dutch painter and writer (Chronicle Sins of Youth), born in The Hague, Netherlands (d. 2000)
- 1912 Hugh Martell, British Vice Admiral, born in Penzance, Cornwall, England (d. 1998)
- 1913 Jack [John T] Aitken, British anatomist (d. 1992)
- 1913 Ronald Harris, British 1st Church Estates Commissioner, born in Cornwall Gardens, Kensington, London (d. 1995)
- 1915 John Arnold, British high court judge (d. 2004)
- 1915 May Henriquez-Alvarez, Curacao Dutch sculptor, born in Curacao (d. 1999)
- 1915 Theodore H. White, American journalist (Making of President, Pulitzer Prize 1962), born in Dorchester, Boston (d. 1986)
Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan (1918-2004)
1st President of the United Arab Emirates, born in Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, birth date disputed
- 1919 Frank Ereaut, Bailiff of Jersey (1975-85), born in London (d. 1998)
- 1921 Erich Fried, Austrian-British writer, born in Vienna (d. 1988)
- 1921 Robert Fell, British CEO (British Stock Exchange)
- 1922 Alan Ross, British poet and editor (London Magazine), born in Calcutta, India (d. 2001)
- 1922 Camille Laurin, Quebec psychiatrist and politician (Parti Québécois), born in Charlemagne, Quebec (d. 1999)
- 1922 Carlos Moorhead, American politician (Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from California), born in Long Beach, California (d. 2011)
- 1922 John Ernest, American constructionist artist, born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (d. 1994)
- 1923 Chih Ree Sun, Chinese-American physicist and poet, born in Anhui, Republic of China (d. 2007) [1]
- 1923 Guiseppe Martelli, Italian physicist, born in Pistoia, Italy (d. 1994)
- 1925 Patrick Meaney, British businessman and CEO (Rank Organization), born in Wandsworth, London (d. 1992)
- 1926 Gilles Grégoire, Quebec politician (co-founder of the Parti Québécois), born in Quebec City, Quebec (d. 2006)
- 1926 John Hamilton-Jones, CEO (Richmond Enterprises) and British Major-General
- 1928 Robert Poujade, French politician (Mayor of Dijon 1971-2001), born in Moulins, France
- 1929 Hans Beck, German inventor of Playmobil toys, born in Greiz, Germany (d. 2009)
- 1929 John P. Allen, American engineer, inventor and CEO (Biosphere 2), born in Carnegie, Oklahoma
- 1929 John Taylor, British bishop (St Albans) and Lord High Almoner to Queen
- 1929 Rosemary Camp, British archaeologist (Council for British Archaeology)
- 1931 Marvin Leath, American politician (Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Texas's 11th district), born in Henderson, Texas (d. 2000)
- 1934 Richard Shelby, American politician (Senator-D+R-Alabama 1987-, Rep-D-Alabama 1979-87), born in Birmingham, Alabama
- 1936 Bernard Lemaire, French Canadian businessman (Cascades), born in Drummondville, Quebec
- 1938 Jean Garon, Quebec economist and politician, born in Saint-Michel, Quebec (d. 2014)
- 1938 Larry Gogan, Irish radio personality (Raidió Teilifís Éireann), born in Dublin
- 1939 Anthony Blacker, Master-General of Ordnance
- 1939 Zhanna Yorkina, Russian cosmonaut, born in Soltsy, Russia (d. 2015)
- 1940 Henry Habibe, Arubian poet (Kerensentenchi), born in Aruba
- 1941 Fred J. Eckert, American politician (U.S. Ambassador to Fiji, Tuvalu, Kiribati & Tonga), born in Rochester, New York
- 1942 Rin Kaiho, Taiwanese professional Go player, born in Shanghai, China
Andreas Baader (1943-1977)
German left-wing militant and leader of the Red Army Faction, born in Munich, Germany
- 1943 James Turrell, American artist (Roden crater), born in Los Angeles, California
- 1946 Jim Ramstad, American politician (Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Minnesota), born in Jamestown, North Dakota
- 1947 Martha Nussbaum, American philosopher, born in New York City
- 1947 Sandra Fisher, American painter, born in New York City (d. 1994)
- 1949 David Leestma, American astronaut (STS 41-G, 28, 45), born in Muskegon, Michigan
- 1951 Samuel Doe, President of Liberia (d. 1990)
- 1952 Chiaki Naito-Mukai, Tatebayashi Japan, astronaut (STS 65, sk:95)
- 1953 Michelle Courchesne, Quebec politician
Tony Blair (69 years old)
1953 British Prime Minister (Labour: 1997-2007), born in Edinburgh, Scotland
- 1954 Dora Bakoyannis, Greek politician
- 1954 Sergei Nikolayevich Tresvyatsky, Russian cosmonaut
- 1955 Donald A Thomas, PhD/Astronaut (STS 65, 70, 83, 94), born in Cleveland, Ohio
- 1955 John Hutton, British politician and cabinet minister (L), born in London
- 1955 Tom Bergeron, American game show host
- 1959 Charles Hendry, British Conservative Party politician, born in Cuckfield, England
- 1959 Eric D. Fingerhut, American businessman and politician (Rep-D-Ohio 1993-95), born in Cleveland, Ohio
- 1960 Larry Steinbachek, British rock synthesizer (Bronski Beat) (d. 2017)
- 1961 Frans Timmermans, Dutch politician (First Vice President of the European Commission 2014-), born in Maastricht, Netherlands
- 1978 Alexander Fedorov, Russian bodybuilder
- 1979 Nikki Hayes, Irish radio personality
- 1981 Edyta Sliwinska, Polish professional dancer (Dancing With The Stars), born in Warsaw, Poland
- 2019 Archie Harrison Mountbatten-Windsor, British son of the Duke and Duchess of Sussex, born in London, England