Charles the Bold (1433-1477)
Duke of Burgundy (1467-77), born in Dijon, France
- 1480 Bridget of York, English princess and nun, born in Eltham Palace, London (d. 1517)
Martin Luther (1483-1546)
German theologian and key figure in the Protestant Reformation, born in Eisleben, Saxony, Holy Roman Empire
- 1565 Laurentius Paulinus Gothus, Swedish theologian and astronomer, born in Söderköping, Sweden (d. 1646)
- 1565 Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex and favorite of Elizabeth I, born in Herefordshire, England (d. 1601)
- 1577 Jacob Cats [Father Cats], Dutch grand pensionary and poet (Houwelyck), born in Brouwershaven, Netherlands (d. 1660)
- 1620 Anne "Ninon" de l'Enclos, French patron of the arts, courtesan and writer, born in Paris, France (d. 1705)
- 1668 Louis III, Prince of Condé and Duke de Bourbon, born in Paris (d. 1710)
George II (1683-1760)
King of Great Britain and Ireland (1727-60), Elector of Hanover, born in Herrenhausen Palace, Germany
- 1695 John Bevis, English physician and astronomer (discovered Crab Nebula), born in Old Sarum, Wiltshire (d. 1771)
- 1697 William Hogarth, English satiric painter and engraver (Rake's Progress), born in London (d. 1764)
- 1710 Adam Gottlob Moltke, Danish statesman, born in Walkendorf, Germany (d. 1792)
- 1730 Oliver Goldsmith, Irish novelist and dramatist (She Stoops to Conquer), born in Kilkenny West, Ireland (d. 1774)
- 1735 Granville Sharp, English abolitionist, born in Durham, England (d. 1813)
- 1793 Jared Kirtland, American physician, naturalist and reformed penitentiaries, born in Wallingford, Connecticut (d. 1877)
- 1801 Samuel Gridley Howe, United States physician, abolitionist, and advocate of education for the blind, born in Boston, Massachusetts (d. 1876)
- 1801 Vladimir Dal, Russian lexicographer (Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language), born in Lugansk, Russian Empire (d. 1872)
- 1810 George Jennings, English sanitary engineer (invented first public flush toilets), born in Eling, Hampshire (d. 1882)
- 1819 Cyrus West Field, American financier noted for success of 1st transatlantic cable, born in Stockbridge, Massachusetts (d. 1892)
- 1827 Alfred Howe Terry, American Major General (Union Army), born in Hartford, Connecticut (d. 1890)
- 1830 Albert Gallatin Jenkins, Brigadier General (Confederate Army), born in Cabell County, Virginia (d. 1864)
- 1833 Dobri Voynikov, Bulgarian teacher, playwright and journalist (The Phoney Civilization), born in Şumnu, Ottoman Empire (d. 1878)
- 1834 Jose Hernandez, Argentine poet (MartinFierro), born in Chacra de Pueyrredon, Argentina (d. 1886)
- 1834 Wager Swayne, American Colonel (Union Army), born in Columbus, Ohio (d. 1902)
- 1844 Henry Eyster Jacobs, American Lutheran theologian, born in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania (d. 1932)
John Thompson (1845-1894)
4th Prime Minister of Canada (Conservative: 1892-94), born in Halifax, Nova Scotia
- 1861 Robert T. A. Innes, Scottish astronomer (Proxima Centauri), born in Edinburgh, Scotland (d. 1933)
- 1868 Gichin Funakoshi, Japanese martial artist, Father of Japanese Shotokan Karatedo, born in Shuri, Okinawa, Japan (d. 1957)
- 1869 Gaetano Bresci, Italian-American anarchist (assassinated King Umberto I of Italy on July 29, 1900), born in Coiano, Prato, Tuscany (d. 1901)
- 1871 Winston Churchill, American author (Crisis, Crossing), born in St. Louis, Missouri (d. 1947)
- 1879 Nicholas Vachel Lindsay, American poet (Gen William Booth enters Heaven), born in Springfield, Illinois (d. 1931)
- 1879 Patrick Pearse, Irish poet, nationalist and political activist, born in Dublin, Ireland (d. 1916)
- 1880 Aart A. van Schelven, Dutch church historian (Willem of Orange) (d. 1954)
- 1880 Jacob Epstein, American-English sculptor (Adam, Jacob & the Angel), born in NYC, New York (d. 1959)
- 1882 Max Mell, Austria artillery officer and literary (Donauweibchen), born in Maribor, Slovenia (d. 1971)
- 1884 Jan van Nijlen, Flemish poet and author (Bird Phoenix), born in Antwerp, Belgium (d. 1965)
- 1887 Arnold Zweig, German antifascist and author (Erziehung vor Verdun), born in Glogau, Silesia, Germany (d. 1968)
- 1888 Andrej Tupolev, Russian aircraft builder, born in Pustomazovo, Russia (d. 1972)
- 1893 John P. Marquand, American writer (The Late George Apley), born in Wilmington, Delaware (d. 1960)
- 1895 John Knudsen Northrop, American aircraft designer (Northrop Air), born in Newark, New Jersey (d. 1981)
- 1902 Murk Daniel Ozinga, Dutch art historian (Monuments of Curacao), born in Pernis, Netherlands (d. 1968)
- 1906 Josef Kramer, German concentration camp Commandant dubbed "The Beast of Belsen", born in Munich, Germany (d. 1945)
- 1907 John Moore, English author (Portrait of Elmbury, Brensham Village and The Blue Field), born in Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire, England (d. 1967)
- 1908 Charles Merritt, Canadian Army officer and recipient of the Victoria Cross during World War II, born in Vancouver, British Columbia (d. 2000)
- 1909 Paweł Jasienica, Polish historian, born in Ulyanovsk, Russia (d. 1970)
- 1913 Alvaro Cunhal, Portuguese politician and writer, born in Coimbra, Portugal (d. 2005)
- 1918 Ernst Fischer, German chemist (Nobel 1973), born in Munich, Germany (d. 2007)
- 1918 Oda Blinder [Yolanda Corsen], Curaçao-Dutch poet (Doorstep), born in Willemstad, Curaçao (d. 1969)
Mikhail Kalashnikov (1919-2013)
Russian general and inventor of the AK-47, born in Kurya, Kuryinsky District, Altai Krai, Russia
- 1919 Moise Tshombe, President of Katanga, then premier of the Congo (Zaire), born in Musumba (d. 1969)
- 1920 Rafael del Pino, Spanish entrepreneur, born in Madrid, Spain (d. 2008)
- 1927 Jacob Pleydell-Bouvery, 8th earl of Radnor and art collector (d. 2008)
- 1928 William Staveley, British Royal Navy admiral (d. 1997)
- 1929 Ninón Sevilla, Cuban-Mexican actress (Aventurera, Víctimas del Pecado), born in Havana, Cuba (d. 2015)
- 1929 W. E. B. Griffin [William Edmund Butterworth], American best-selling author (Clandestine Operations, The Lieutenants), born in Newark, New Jersey (d. 2019)
- 1930 Clarence M. Pendleton Jr., African-American chairman of the United States Commission on Civil Rights (1981-88), born in Louisville, Kentucky (d. 1988)
- 1933 Ronald Evans, American naval officer and NASA astronaut, born in St. Francis, Kansas (d. 1990)
- 1935 Bernard Babior, American physician and biochemist, born in Los Angeles, California (d. 2004)
- 1935 Igor Dmitriyevich Novikov, Russian astrophysicist and cosmologist, born in Moscow, Russian SFSR
- 1941 John Geoghegan, U.S. Army infantry lieutenant and Silver Star recipient, born in Pelham, New York (d. 1965)
- 1942 Hans-Rudolf Merz, Swiss politician (President of Switzerland 2009) and Member of the Swiss Federal Council (2004-10), born in Herisau, Switzerland
Robert F. Engle (80 years old)
1942 American economist (Nobel 2003 - for methods of analyzing economic time series with time-varying volatility (ARCH)), born in Syracuse, New York
- 1943 Saxby Chambliss, American politician (U.S. Senator from Georgia 2003-15), born in Warrenton, North Carolina
- 1944 Silvestre Reyes, American politician (Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Texas 1997-2013), born in Canutillo, Texas
- 1946 David Stockman, American politician and Reagan's ex-budget director, born in Fort Hood, Texas
- 1946 Jack Ketchum [Dallas William Mayr], American horror fiction author (Off Season, Red, The Woman), born in Livingston, New Jersey (d. 2018)
- 1947 Bechir Gemayel, President-elect of Lebanon (8/23-9/14, 1982), born in Achrafieh, Beirut, Lebanon (d. 1982)
- 1948 Aaron Brown, American broadcast journalist (World News Now), born in Hopkins, Minnesota
- 1955 James Chapman, American novelist (Stet)
- 1956 Mohsen Badawi, Egyptian entrepreneur and political activist, born in Cairo, Egpyt
- 1959 Andrzej Iwan, Polish soccer forward (29 caps; Wisła Kraków, Górnik Zabrze, VfL Bochum ), born in Kraków, Poland (d. 2022)
- 1961 Rudolf Grimm, Austrian physics professor (Bose–Einstein condensation of molecules), born in Mannheim, West Germany
- 1971 Mario Abdo Benítez, Paraguayan politician, President of Paraguay (2018-), born in Asunción, Paraguay
- 1977 Josh Barnett, American mixed martial artist, born in Seattle, Washington
- 1981 Jason L. Dunham, American Corporal in the United States Marine Corps and Medal of Honor recipient, born in Scio, New York (d. 2004)
Authors
Civil Rights Activists
Inventors
Kings
Revolutionaries
Scientists