- 1345 Ferdinand I, King of Portugal (1367-83), born in Coimbra, Portugal (d. 1383)
- 1424 Wladyslaw III Warnenczyk, King of Poland and Hungary, born in Kraków, Poland (d. 1444)
- 1538 Caesar Baronius, Italian cardinal and historian, born in Sora, Italy (d. 1607)
- 1541 Hendrik van Kinschot, Dutch lawyer
- 1599 Denzil Holles, 1st Baron Holles, English statesman and writer, born in Houghton, England (d. 1680)
- 1620 John Evelyn, English writer and diarist (Life of Mrs Godolphin), born in Wotten, England (d. 1706)
Jan Vermeer (1632-1675)
Dutch painter (Girl with a Pearl Earring, The Astronomer), born in Delft, Netherlands
- 1636 Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria (1651-79), born in Schleissheim Palace, Bavaria (d. 1679)
- 1638 Meindert Hobbema, Dutch landscape painter, baptized in Amsterdam (d. 1709)
- 1692 Comte de Caylus, French archaeologist, born in Paris (d. 1765)
- 1705 Pope Clement XIV [Giovanni Ganganelli], Pope (1769-74), born in Rimini, Italy (d. 1774)
- 1711 Laura Bassi, Italian physicist and scholar, born in Bologna, Italy (d. 1778)
- 1724 Christopher Anstey, English poet (The New Bath Guide), born in Brinkley, England (d. 1805)
- 1737 James Lovell, American educator and statesman, born in Boston, Massachusetts (d. 1789)
- 1740 William Paca, American judge and signer (Declaration of Independence), born in Abingdon, Maryland (d. 1799)
- 1750 Leonor de Almeida marquesa de Alorna, Portuguese poet, born in São Jorge de Arroios, Lisbon, Portugal (d. 1839)
- 1755 Jean Louis van Aelbroeck, Flemish agronomist, born in Zottergem, Belgium (d. 1846)
- 1761 Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck, Dutch politician (Grand Pensionary of Batavia), born in Deventer, Overijssel, United Provinces (d. 1825)
- 1785 George F Kersting, German painter, born in Güstrow, Germany (d. 1847)
John Keats (1795-1821)
English Romantic poet (Ode to a Grecian Urn), born in London
- 1815 Karl Weierstrass, German mathematician (theory of functions), born in Ostenfelde, Germany (d. 1897)
- 1825 Charles Lavigerie, French Catholic cardinal, born in Bayonne, France (d. 1892)
- 1826 Hugh Boyle Ewing, American diplomat, author, attorney, and Brevet Major General (Union Army), born in Lancaster, Ohio (d. 1905)
- 1827 Richard Morris Hunt, American architect and educator, born in Brattleboro, Vermont (d. 1895)
- 1831 Daniel Butterfield, American Major General (Union Army), assistant US Treasurer, born in Utica, New York (d. 1901)
- 1831 Paolo Mantegazza, Italian neurologist and anthropologist, born in Monza, Italy (d. 1910)
- 1835 Adelbert Ames, American soldier and politician, Bvt Major General (Union Army), born in Rockland, Maine (d. 1933)
- 1835 Adolf von Baeyer, German chemist (Nobel 1905), born in Berlin (d. 1917)
- 1835 Krišjānis Barons, Latvian writer who published Latvian folk songs, born in Jaunpils Parish, Latvia (d. 1923)
- 1838 Luís I, King of Portugal (1861-89), born in Necessidades Palace, Lisbon, Portugal (d. 1889)
- 1840 Franz Müller, German tailor and first train murderer (killing Thomas Briggs) (d. 1864)
- 1847 Galileo Ferraris, Italian physicist and electrical engineer, born in Livorno Ferraris, Italy (d. 1897)
- 1848 Boston Custer, brother of George Armstrong Custer, born in New Rumley, Ohio (d. 1876)
- 1851 Lovisa of Sweden, Queen of Denmark, born in Stockholm Palace, Stockholm, Sweden (d. 1926)
- 1852 Mary Eleanor Wilkins Freeman, American writer (Revolt of Mother), born in Randolph, Massachusetts (d. 1930)
- 1854 Adolf Erman, German Egyptologist (Grammar of Ancient Egypt), born in Berlin (d. 1937)
Juliette Gordon Low (1860-1927)
American activist and founder of the Girl Scouts of America, born in Savannah, Georgia
- 1875 Seerp Anema, Dutch poet and writer (Dutch Coasts) (d. 1961)
Sardar Patel (1875-1950)
Indian freedom fighter and statesman, born in Gujarat, India
Chiang Kai-shek (1887-1975)
Chinese political and military leader who served as the leader of the Republic of China (1928-1975), born in Xikou, Zhejiang, China
- 1888 George Hubert Wilkins, Australian polar explorer (Flying the Arctic), born in Hallett, Australia (d. 1958)
- 1888 Napoleon Lapathiotis, Greek poet, born in Athens, Greece (d. 1944)
- 1892 Ruth Fuller Sasaki, American Zen teacher (1st Zen Institute of America), born in Chicago, Illinois (d. 1967)
- 1895 B. H. Liddell Hart, English military historian and publicist (The Rommel Papers), born in Paris (d. 1970)
- 1898 Alfred Sauvy, French statistician (Affluence & Population), born in Villeneuve-de-la-Raho, France (d. 1990)
- 1902 Abraham Wald, Hungarian mathematician (field of statistical sequential analysis), born in Cluj-Napoca, Austria-Hungary (d. 1950)
- 1902 Charles Drummond de Andrade, Brazilian poet (Claro Enigma), born in Itabira, Minas Gerais, Brazil (d. 1987)
- 1906 Jo Vis, resistance fighter (Yad Vashem-distinction)
- 1907 Helen Lessore, English artist, born in London (d. 1994)
- 1914 Joe Carcione, American consumer advocate (The Green Grocer) (d. 1988)
- 1914 John Hugenholtz, Dutch race track designer, born in Westerveld, Netherlands (d. 1995)
- 1916 Carl Johan Bernadotte, formerly Prince of Sweden, born in Stockholm Palace, Stockholm, Sweden (d. 2012)
- 1917 William H. McNeill, Canadian-born historian (Rise of the West), born in Vancouver, British Columbia (d. 2016)
- 1918 Ian Stevenson, Canadian-American parapsychologist and reincarnation expert, born in Montreal, Quebec (d. 2007)
- 1919 Magnus Wenninger, American mathematician and author of Polyhedron models, born in Park Falls, Wisconsin (d. 2017)
- 1920 Dedan Kimathi, Kenyan freedom fighter, born in Nyeri District, Central Province, Kenya (d. 1957)
- 1920 Helmut Newton, German fashion photographer, born in Berlin, Germany (d. 2004)
- 1923 Hicks B. Waldron, Chairman and CEO of Avon Products, Inc., born in Amsterdam, New York (d. 2017)
- 1925 John Pople, English chemist (Nobel Prize 1998), born in Burnham-on-Sea, Somerset, England (d. 2004)
- 1926 Jimmy Savile, English entertainer and suspected sexual predator, born in Leeds (d. 2011)
- 1930 Bill Pearl, American bodybuilder (5 x Mr. Universe), born in Prineville, Oregon (d. 2022)
Michael Collins (1930-2021)
American Major General USAF and astronaut (Gemini 10, Apollo 11), born in Rome, Italy [1] [2]
- 1936 Sergei Nikolayevich Gaidukov, Russian cosmonaut, born in Zhuravka, Voronezh, Russia (d. 2008)
- 1941 Dan Alderson, American scientist (Jet Propulsion Laboratory) and sci-fi fandom figure, (d. 1989)
- 1944 Otto Wiesheu, German politician, born in Zolling, Germany
- 1949 Dumisa Ntsebeza, South African attorney and anti-apartheid activist, born in Transkei, South Africa
- 1949 Michael Parker, American businessman and politician (Rep-D-Mississippi), born in Laurel, Mississippi
- 1949 Terrence W. Wilcutt, United States Marine Corps officer and a NASA astronaut, born in Russellville, Kentucky
- 1950 Antonio Taguba, US Army Major General, born in Manila, Philippines
- 1950 Jozef Stolorz, polish painter
- 1950 Zaha Hadid, Iraqi-British Pritzker Prize-winning architect (London Aquatic Centre), born in Baghdad, Iraq (d. 2016)
- 1956 Anders Lago, Swedish Social Democratic politician, born in Jönköping, Sweden
- 1956 Charles Moore, British editor-in-chief (Sunday Telegraph), born in Hastings, Sussex, England
- 1959 Neal Stephenson, American author, born in Fort Meade, Maryland
- 1960 Luis Fortuño, Puerto Rican delegate to Congress, born in San Juan, Puerto Rico
Reza Pahlavi (62 years old)
1960 Crown Prince of Iran, born in Tehran, Iran
- 1964 Colm Ó Cíosóig, Irish drummer (My Bloody Valentine; Hope Sandoval & the Warm Inventions), born in Dublin, Ireland
- 1966 Joseph Boyden, Canadian novelist (Three Day Road), born in Willowdale, North York, Ontario
- 1979 Saaphyri Windsor, American reality TV figure, born in Los Angeles, California
- 1981 Irina Denezhkina, Russian writer (Give Me [Songs for Lovers]), born in Yekaterinburg, Russia
- 1981 Selina (Jiaxuan) Ren, member of Taiwanese girl-group S.H.E, born in Shilin, Taipei, Taiwan
- 2005 Infanta Leonor of Spain, daughter of Felipe, King of Asturias and Letizia, Queen of Asturias, born in Madrid, Spain