Girolamo Cardano
1501 Girolamo Cardano, Italian mathematician and astrologer (Ars Magna-1545), born in Pavia, Italy (d. 1576)
Girolamo Cardano
- 1513 Catherine of Saxe-Lauenburg, Queen of Gustav I of Sweden, born in Ratzeburg, Germany (d. 1535)
- 1534 Guru Ram Das, 4th Sikh Guru (1574-81), born in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan (d. 1581)
- 1564 William Adams, English navigator and 1st ever Western Samurai, born in Gillingham, Kent, England (d. 1620)
- 1583 Albrecht von Wallenstein, German general and nobleman, born in Heřmanice, Kingdom of Bohemia in the Holy Roman Empire (d. 1634)
- 1625 Johan de Witt, Dutch statesman and advisor of Holland, born in Dordrecht, Netherlands (d. 1672)
- 1705 Leopold Joseph Graf Daun, Austrian field marshal, born in Vienna, Austria (d. 1766)
- 1717 Horace Walpole, British horror writer (Castle of Otranto), born in London (d. 1797)
John Marshall
1755 John Marshall, 4th Chief Justice of the United States (1801-35), born in Germantown, Virginia (d. 1835)
John Marshall
- 1762 William Lisle Bowles, English poet (14 Sonnets), born in Kings Sutton, England (d. 1850)
- 1801 Mikhail Ostrogradsky, Russian physicist and mathematician, born in Poltava Governorate, Russian Empire (d. 1862)
- 1802 Adolphe d'Archiac, French paleontologist and geologist, born in Reims, France (d. 1868)
- 1817 Ramón de Campoamor y Campoosorio, Spanish poet (Doloras), born in Navia, Spain (d. 1901)
- 1821 Cyprian Norwid, Polish painter, poet and playwright (Wanda), born in Głuchy, Poland (d. 1883)
- 1824 Truman Seymour, American artist and Brevet Major General (Union Army), born in Burlington, Vermont (d. 1891)
- 1825 Frances Harper, African-American abolinist, suffragist and writer (Iola Leroy), born in Baltimore, Maryland (d. 1911)
- 1827 Henry Warner Slocum, American politician and Major General (Union Army), born in Pompey, New York (d. 1894)
- 1829 James St Clair Morton, American engineer, author, and Brigadier General (Union Army), born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (d. 1864)
- 1829 Charles S. West, American jurist and politician, born in Camden, South Carolina (d. 1885)
- 1833 Henry Alanson Barnum, American Brevet Major General (Union Army), born in Jamesville, New York (d. 1892)
- 1848 Pieter Louis Tak, literary (The Chronicle) (d. 1907)
- 1858 Eugene Foss, American politician (45th Governor of Massachusetts), born in St. Albans, Vermont (d. 1939)
- 1860 S. R. Crockett, Scottish novelist (The Stickit Minister), born in Duchrae, Balmaghie, Kirkcudbrightshire (d. 1914)
- 1870 Georges Claude, French engineer and inventor (neon light), born in Paris (d. 1960)
- 1878 Charles-Ferdinand Ramuz, Swiss writer (Le Petit Village), born in Lausanne, Switzerland (d. 1947)
- 1884 Hugo Schmeisser, German inventor and weapons designer, born in Jena, Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, German Empire (d. 1953)
- 1890 A. P. Herbert, English journalist and writer (Punch, Helen), born in Ashtead, Surrey, England (d. 1971)
- 1892 Adélard Godbout, Canadian politician (15th Premier of Québec), born in Saint-Éloi, Quebec, Canada (d. 1956)
- 1895 André F. Cournand, French physician and physiologist (Nobel 1956), born in Paris (d. 1988)
F. Scott Fitzgerald
1896 F. Scott Fitzgerald, American author (Great Gatsby, Zelda), born in St. Paul, Minnesota (d. 1940)
F. Scott Fitzgerald
- 1898 Charlotte van Pallandt, Dutch sculptress, born in Arnhem, Netherlands (d. 1997)
Howard Florey
1898 Howard Florey, Australian pathologist and pharmacologist who purified penicillin (Nobel 1945), born in Adelaide, South Australia (d. 1968)
Howard Florey
Ayatollah Khomeini
1902 Ayatollah Khomeini [Ruhollah Khomeini], Supreme leader of Iran (1979-89), religious figure and political leader of the 1979 Iranian Revolution, born in Khomeyn, Persia (d. 1989)
Ayatollah Khomeini
- 1904 Owen Saunders, English mathematician and mechanical engineer, born in Streatham, London (d. 1993)
- 1905 Severo Ochoa, Spanish-American physician and biochemist (Nobel 1959), born in Luarca, Asturias, Spain (d. 1993)
- 1909 Gerard Ciołek, Polish architect, born in Wyżnica, Austria-Hungary (d. 1966)
- 1910 Cao Yu, Huaju writer (Peking Man), born in Tianjin, China (d. 1996)
- 1910 Leon MacLaren, British philosopher and founder of the LSE, born in Glasgow (d. 1994)
Konstantin Chernenko
1911 Konstantin Chernenko, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1984-85), born in Bolshaya Tes, Yeniseysk Governorate, Russian Empire (d. 1985)
Konstantin Chernenko
- 1912 Ian Serraillier, English children's books author (The Silver Sword), born in London (d. 1994)
- 1914 Sir John Kerr, Australian politician and the Governor General who dismissed the Whitlam Government, born in Sydney, New South Wales (d. 1991)
- 1915 Margarita Aliger, Russian poet (Zoja), born in Odessa, Ukraine (d. 1992) [OS]
- 1916 John Lapsley, British air marshal, born in India (d. 1995)
- 1917 William Putnam Bundy, American attorney and intelligence expert (9th Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs), born in Washington, D.C. (d. 2000)
- 1918 Richard Hoggart, British author (The Uses of Literacy: Aspects of Working Class Life) and warden (Goldsmith's College London), born in Leeds, England (d. 2014)
- 1921 Leonard Overton, British glider pilot (Arnhem 1944)
- 1922 David Lane, British Conservative politician and CEO (Commission for Racial Equality), born in London (d. 1998)
- 1923 Ladislav Fuks, Czech writer, born in Prague (d. 1994)
- 1923 Mervyn Brown, British diplomat and historian of Madagascar
- 1924 Jean-Pierre Warner, British high court judge
- 1925 Autar Singh Paintal, Indian medical scientist, born in Mogok, Myanmar (d. 2004)
- 1929 George McNicol, Principal and vice-chancellor (Aberdeen University), born in Glasgow (d. 2014)
- 1929 Edward M. Lawson, Canadian trade unionist and politician, born in Gerald, Saskatchewan, Canada (d. 2016)
- 1930 John Young, American astronaut and 9th person to walk on the Moon (Gemini 3 & 10, Apollo 10 & 16, STS 1 & 9), born in San Francisco, California (d. 2018)
- 1930 Józef Krupiński, Polish poet (Marsz żałobny), born in Skarbanowo, Poland (d. 1998)
- 1931 Brian Glanville, English journalist and football writer, born in Hendon, London
- 1931 Cardiss Collins, American politician (first African-American woman to represent the Midwest in Congress), born in St. Louis, Missouri (d. 2013)
- 1933 Catherine Hughes [Pestell] British principal (Somerville College Oxford), born in County Durham, England (d. 2014)
- 1934 Bernard Nevill, British textile designer
- 1934 Manfred Wörner, German general and Secretary-General of NATO (1988-94), born in Stuttgart, Germany (d. 1994)
- 1935 Lawrence Urquhart, Scottish businesman and CEO (Burmah Castrol)
- 1937 Alan Grose, British vice-admiral
- 1940 Yves Navarre, French writer (Le Jardin d'acclimatation), born in Condom, France (d. 1994)
- 1945 David Drake, American sci-fi author, veteran and lawyer (Cross the Stars, Rolling Hot), born in the United States
- 1945 Lou Dobbs, American journalist
- 1946 Carson Van Osten, rocker
- 1946 Richard Spring, British MP
- 1946 Robert Jackson, MP/minister of British Civil Service
- 1948 Bernadette Hingley, British priest
- 1951 Douglas Kmiec, American legal scholar
- 1952 Joseph P Kennedy II, (Rep-D-Massachusetts)
- 1954 Stephen Jones, art historian
- 1955 Riccardo Illy, Italian politician
- 1957 Brad Bird, American director (The Iron Giant, The Incredibles), born in Kalispell, Montana
- 1959 Theo Paphitis, Cypriot-born British businessman (Dragon's Den, Millwall Football Club), born in Limassol, Cyprus
- 1966 Michael J. Varhola, American author
- 1975 Kyle Turley, former National Football League offensive lineman
- 1978 Tarek Saab, American TV show contestant
- 1984 Szilvia Molnar, Swedish writer