- 15 Aulus Vitellius, Roman Emperor for a few months in 69AD, born in Rome (d. 69)
- 936 'Adud al-Dawlah, Iranian ruler of the Buyid dynasty (949-83), born in Isfahan (d. 983)
- 1301 Ralph Stafford, 1st Earl of Stafford, English soldier (d. 1372)
Girolamo Cardano (1501-1576)
Italian mathematician and astrologer (Ars Magna-1545), born in Pavia, Italy
Albrecht von Wallenstein (1583-1634)
Bohemian-German general and statesman (Thirty Years' War), born in Heřmanice, Kingdom of Bohemia in the Holy Roman Empire
Johan de Witt (1625-1672)
Dutch statesman and Grand Pensionary of Holland (1653-72), born in Dordrecht, Netherlands
- 1705 Leopold Joseph Graf Daun, Austrian field marshal, born in Vienna, Austria (d. 1766)
- 1717 Horace Walpole, British horror writer (Castle of Otranto), born in London (d. 1797)
- 1725 Arthur Guinness, Irish brewer and founder of the Guinness brewery, born in Celbridge, County Kildare, Ireland (d. 1803)
John Marshall (1755-1835)
4th Chief Justice of the United States (1801-35), born in Germantown, Virginia
- 1762 William Lisle Bowles, English poet (14 Sonnets), born in Kings Sutton, England (d. 1850)
- 1801 Mikhail Ostrogradsky, Russian physicist and mathematician, born in Poltava Governorate, Russian Empire (d. 1862)
- 1802 Adolphe d'Archiac, French paleontologist and geologist, born in Reims, France (d. 1868)
- 1817 Ramón de Campoamor y Campoosorio, Spanish poet (Doloras), born in Navia, Spain (d. 1901)
- 1821 Cyprian Norwid, Polish painter, poet and playwright (Wanda), born in Głuchy, Poland (d. 1883)
- 1824 Truman Seymour, American artist and Brevet Major General (Union Army), born in Burlington, Vermont (d. 1891)
- 1825 Frances Harper, African-American abolinist, suffragist and writer (Iola Leroy), born in Baltimore, Maryland (d. 1911)
- 1827 Henry Warner Slocum, American politician and Major General (Union Army), born in Pompey, New York (d. 1894)
- 1829 Charles S. West, American jurist and politician, born in Camden, South Carolina (d. 1885)
- 1829 James St Clair Morton, American engineer, author, and Brigadier General (Union Army), born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (d. 1864)
- 1833 Henry Alanson Barnum, American Brevet Major General (Union Army), born in Jamesville, New York (d. 1892)
- 1848 Pieter Louis Tak, literary figure (The Chronicle) (d. 1907)
- 1858 Eugene Foss, American politician (45th Governor of Massachusetts), born in St. Albans, Vermont (d. 1939)
- 1860 S. R. Crockett, Scottish novelist (The Stickit Minister), born in Duchrae, Balmaghie, Kirkcudbrightshire (d. 1914)
- 1870 Georges Claude, French engineer and inventor (neon light), born in Paris (d. 1960)
- 1878 Charles-Ferdinand Ramuz, Swiss writer (Le Petit Village), born in Lausanne, Switzerland (d. 1947)
- 1884 Hugo Schmeisser, German inventor and weapons designer, born in Jena, Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, German Empire (d. 1953)
- 1886 Edward Bach, British bacteriologist, homeopathic doctor (Bach flower remedies), born in Moseley, Worcestershire, England (d. 1936)
- 1890 A. P. Herbert, English journalist and writer (Punch, Helen), born in Ashtead, Surrey, England (d. 1971)
- 1892 Adélard Godbout, Canadian politician (15th Premier of Québec), born in Saint-Éloi, Quebec, Canada (d. 1956)
- 1895 André F. Cournand, French physician and physiologist (Nobel 1956), born in Paris (d. 1988)
F. Scott Fitzgerald (1896-1940)
American author (Great Gatsby, Zelda), born in St. Paul, Minnesota
- 1898 Charlotte van Pallandt, Dutch sculptress, born in Arnhem, Netherlands (d. 1997)
Howard Florey (1898-1968)
Australian pathologist and pharmacologist who purified penicillin (Nobel 1945), born in Adelaide, South Australia
Ayatollah Khomeini (1902-1989)
Supreme leader of Iran (1979-89), religious figure and political leader of the 1979 Iranian Revolution, born in Khomeyn, Persia
- 1904 Owen Saunders, English mathematician and mechanical engineer, born in Streatham, London (d. 1993)
- 1905 Severo Ochoa, Spanish-American physician and biochemist (Nobel 1959), born in Luarca, Asturias, Spain (d. 1993)
- 1909 Gerard Ciołek, Polish architect, born in Wyżnica, Austria-Hungary (d. 1966)
- 1910 Cao Yu, Huaju writer (Peking Man), born in Tianjin, China (d. 1996)
- 1910 Leon MacLaren, British philosopher and founder of the LSE, born in Glasgow (d. 1994)
Konstantin Chernenko (1911-1985)
General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1984-85), born in Bolshaya Tes, Yeniseysk Governorate, Russian Empire
- 1912 Ian Serraillier, English children's books author (The Silver Sword), born in London (d. 1994)
- 1914 Sir John Kerr, Australian politician and the Governor General who dismissed the Whitlam Government, born in Sydney, New South Wales (d. 1991)
- 1915 Margarita Aliger, Russian poet (Zoja), born in Odessa, Ukraine (d. 1992) [OS]
- 1916 John Lapsley, British air marshal, born in India (d. 1995)
- 1917 William Putnam Bundy, American attorney and intelligence expert (9th Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs), born in Washington, D.C. (d. 2000)
- 1918 Richard Hoggart, British author (The Uses of Literacy: Aspects of Working Class Life) and warden (Goldsmith's College London), born in Leeds, England (d. 2014)
- 1922 David Lane, British Conservative politician and CEO (Commission for Racial Equality), born in London (d. 1998)
- 1923 Ladislav Fuks, Czech writer, born in Prague (d. 1994)
- 1923 Mervyn Brown, British diplomat and historian of Madagascar
- 1924 Jean-Pierre Warner, British high court judge (d. 2005)
- 1925 Autar Singh Paintal, Indian medical scientist, born in Mogok, Myanmar (d. 2004)
- 1929 Edward M. Lawson, Canadian trade unionist and politician, born in Gerald, Saskatchewan, Canada (d. 2016)
- 1929 George McNicol, Scottish Principal and vice-chancellor (Aberdeen University), born in Glasgow, Scotland (d. 2014)
- 1930 John Young, American astronaut and 9th person to walk on the Moon (Gemini 3 & 10; Apollo 10 & 16; STS-1 & -9), born in San Francisco, California (d. 2018)
- 1930 Józef Krupiński, Polish poet (Marsz żałobny), born in Skarbanowo, Poland (d. 1998)
- 1931 Brian Glanville, English journalist and football writer, born in Hendon, London
- 1931 Cardiss Collins, American politician (first African-American woman to represent the Midwest in Congress), born in St. Louis, Missouri (d. 2013)
- 1933 Catherine Hughes [Pestell], British principal (Somerville College Oxford), born in County Durham, England (d. 2014)
- 1934 Bernard Nevill, British textile designer, born in London, England (d. 2019)
- 1934 Manfred Wörner, German general and Secretary-General of NATO (1988-94), born in Stuttgart, Germany (d. 1994)
- 1935 Lawrence Urquhart, Scottish businessman and CEO (Burmah Castrol)
- 1935 Paul Eells, American sportscaster ("Voice of the Razorbacks"), born in Iowa City, Iowa (d. 2006)
- 1937 Alan Grose, British vice-admiral
- 1940 Yves Navarre, French writer (Le Jardin d'acclimatation), born in Condom, France (d. 1994)
- 1945 David Drake, American sci-fi author, veteran and lawyer (Cross the Stars, Rolling Hot), born in the United States
- 1945 Lou Dobbs, American journalist (Lou Dobbs Tonight), born in Childress County, Texas
- 1947 Mark Paterson, New Zealand sailor (World C'ship gold Cherub 1978), born in Auckland, New Zealand (d. 2022)
- 1948 Bernadette Hingley, British priest, one of the 1st women to be ordained in England, born in Sowerby Bridge, England (d. 1995)
- 1951 Douglas Kmiec, American legal scholar and ambassador
- 1952 Joseph P. Kennedy II, American politician (Rep-D-Massachusetts 1987-99), born in Boston, Massachusetts
- 1954 Ashton Carter, American military civilian official (Secretary of Defense, 2015-17), and academic administrator, born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (d. 2022)
- 1954 Stephen Jones, English art historian, born in London, England (d. 1996)
- 1955 Riccardo Illy, Italian politician and businessman, Born in Trieste, Italy
- 1957 Brad Bird, American director (The Iron Giant, The Incredibles), born in Kalispell, Montana
- 1959 Theo Paphitis, Cypriot-born British businessman (Dragon's Den, Millwall Football Club), born in Limassol, Cyprus
- 1975 Kyle Turley, American National Football League offensive lineman, born in Provo, Utah
- 1975 Nick Hague, American NASA astronaut (Soyuz MS-10 & 12), born in Belleville, Kansas
- 1978 Tarek Saab, American TV show contestant (The Apprentice), born in New Bedford, Massachusetts
- 1984 Szilvia Molnar, Swedish writer
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