Events in History
Event of Interest
Sep 14 Theodore Roosevelt is sworn in as the youngest man to serve as US President, after William McKinley finally dies after an anarchist shoots him in Buffalo
Theodore Roosevelt
- Sep 16 Alturas, California, is incorporated as the only city in Modoc County.
Event of Interest
Sep 16 French painter Paul Gauguin settles in Atuona in the Marquesas Islands
Paul Gauguin
- Sep 17 Battle of Blood River Port: Boer Gen Botha beats Major Gough's cavalry
- Sep 17 Battle at Elands River Port: Boer Gen Smuts destroys unit 17th Lancers
- Sep 26 Boer General Botha fails to capture Fort Itala in Natal
- Sep 26 Great Britain annexes the Ashanti Kingdom and places it under the governor of the Gold Coast (Ghana)
- Sep 28 Guerrilla's assault unarmed US soldiers in Balangiga Phil, 38 killed
- Oct 2 First Royal Navy submarine launched at Barrow-in-Furness
- Oct 12 Theodore Roosevelt renames the "Executive Mansion" as "The White House"
- Oct 14 Justin Huntly McCarthy's "If I were King" premieres in NYC
- Oct 16 Baron Hayashi of Japan begins negotiations in London to make an alliance with the British and strengthen Japan's position against Russians
Event of Interest
Oct 16 Booker T. Washington and his family are invited to dine at the White House with Teddy and Edith Roosevelt, prompting condemnation from the South
Booker T. Washington
Edith Roosevelt
- Oct 18 Belgium's Louise of den Plas begins activities towards women rights
- Oct 19 Santos-Dumont proves airship manoeuverable by circling Eiffel Tower
- Oct 24 First woman to go over Niagara Falls in a barrel (Anna Taylor)
- Oct 25 Joseph Chamberlain, British Colonial Affairs Secretary, makes an anti-German speech in Edinburgh; when word reaches Germany leads to widespread agitation against the British and breakdown of negotiations for Anglo-German alliance
- Oct 26 First recorded use of "getaway car" occurs after holding up a shop in Paris
- Oct 29 In Amherst, Massachusetts, nurse Jane Toppan is arrested for murdering the Davis family of Boston with an overdose of morphine.
- Oct 30 Battle at Bakenlaagte: Lieutenant-Colonel Benson's British unit vs Boers
- Nov 1 Sigma Phi Epsilon, the largest national male collegiate fraternity is established at Richmond College, in Richmond, VA.
Event of Interest
Nov 4 Clyde Fitch's "Way of the World" premieres in NYC
Clyde Fitch
- Nov 7 A French fleet seizes the customs house on the Turkish-ruled island of Mytilene after Turks refuse to settle France's indemnity claims for losses suffered by French subjects in 1896
- Nov 8 Bloody clashes take place in Athens following the translation of the Gospels into demotic Greek.
- Nov 13 Caister Lifeboat Disaster claims lives of nine lifeboat men off the coast of Norfolk, England
- Nov 16 3 autos race on Ocean Parkway, Brooklyn, fastest speed achieved by Henry Fournier who drives a mile in 51 4/5 seconds
- Nov 18 The USA and Great Britain sign the Second Hay-Pauncefote Treaty, or Interoceanic Ship Canal Treaty
- Nov 26 Italy and Britain sign an agreement fixing the frontier between their colonies of Eritrea and Sudan in East Africa
Theater Premiere
Nov 27 Gerhart Hauptmann's play "Der rote Hahn" premieres in Berlin
Gerhart Hauptmann
- Nov 27 U.S. Army War College is established in Washington, D.C.
- Nov 27 Prince Ito of Japan comes to St Petersburg hoping to get the Russians to grant Japan concessions in Korea, but later drops this goal and decides to make an alliance with Britain
- Nov 29 East 182nd Street in Bronx is paved & opened
Event of Interest
Dec 2 King C. Gillette begins selling safety razor blades
King C. Gillette
Explosive Background to the Nobel Prize
Dec 10 First Nobel Peace Prizes awarded to Red Cross founder Jean Henri Dunant and peace activist Frederic Passy
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Nobel Prize
Dec 10 First Nobel Prize in Physics awarded to Wilhelm Röntgen for his discovery of X-rays
Wilhelm Röntgen
Historic Communication
Dec 12 Guglielmo Marconi sends the first transatlantic radio signal, from Poldhu in Cornwall to Newfoundland, Canada
Guglielmo Marconi
- Dec 16 Boer general Kritzinger captured
- Dec 24 Private companies allowed to use the word "postcard" in the US. Previously they were labelled "Private Mailing Cards" and known as "souvenir cards".
- Dec 25 Battle at Tweefontein: British force camped on a hill is surprised by a Boer attack at 2am
- Dec 31 In the first election under their new constitution, Cuba elects a Congress and their first president, Tomas Estrada Palma
Birthdays in History
- Jun 23 Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar, Turkish poet, novelist, recognized as one of the most important representatives of modernism in Turkish literature (A Mind at Peace, The Time Regulation Institute), born in Istanbul, Ottoman Empire (d. 1962)
- Jun 26 Stuart Symington, U.S. senator from Missouri (1953–76), born in Amherst, Massachusetts (d. 1988)
Willie Sutton
Jun 30 Willie Sutton, American bank robber, born in Brooklyn, New York (d. 1980)
Willie Sutton
- Jul 1 Sylvia Mary Paget Chancellor, English philanthropist (Prisoners' Wives Service), born in London (d. 1996)
- Jul 5 Sergey Vladimirovich Obraztsov, Soviet puppet master, born in Moscow, Russia (d. 1992)
- Jul 8 Donald Benjamin Harden, archaeologist
- Jul 9 Barbara Cartland, English romance author (Camfield #69), born in Edgbaston, Birmingham, England (d. 2000)
- Jul 13 Tillie Ehrlich Lewin, leading industrialist (tomato queen)
- Jul 15 Pyke F C Koch, Dutch surrealistic painter (Dolores' Breakfast)
- Jul 17 Bruno Jasieński, Polish poet (d. 1938)
- Jul 20 Vehbi Koc, indistrialist/philanthropist
- Jul 25 Walter Breedveld, Dutch writer (Een ship vergaat), born in Den Bosch, Netherlands (d. 1977)
- Jul 31 Jean Debuffet, French painter and sculptor (Landscape with 2 Personages), born in Le Havre, France (d. 1985)
- Jul 31 Jean Dubuffet, French painter & sculptor, born in Le Havre, France (d. 1985)
- Aug 3 Stefan Wyszyński, Polish Cardinal, born in Zuzela, Congress Poland, Russian Empire (d. 1981)
- Aug 8 Ernest Lawrence, American nuclear scientist and inventor (Cyclotron - Nobel 1939), born in Canton, South Dakota (d. 1958)
- Aug 14 James Pitman, British educator and spelling reformer (Alphabets and Reading: The Initial Teaching Alphabet) (d. 1985)
- Aug 15 Arias Arnulfo, 3 time president of Panama (1940-41, 49-51, 68), born in Penonomé, Coclé, Panama (d. 1988)
- Aug 15 Hans Lorbeer, German writer and politician, born in Lutherstadt, Wittenberg, Germany (d. 1973)
- Aug 15 Pyotr Sergeyevich Novikov, Russian mathematician (group theory), born in Moscow, Russia (d. 1975)
Salvatore Quasimodo
Aug 20 Salvatore Quasimodo, Italian poet, critic and translator (Nobel 1959), born in Modica, Italy (d. 1968)
Salvatore Quasimodo
- Aug 23 Cecil Rolph Hewitt, English journalist and policeman, born in London (d. 1994)
- Aug 23 John Sherman Cooper, American politician and U.S. Ambassador to East Germany, born in Somerset, Kentucky (d. 1991)
- Aug 26 Gen Maxwell D Taylor, former US Army chief of staff
- Aug 26 Jan de Quay, Dutch minister of war/premier (KVP, 1959-63)
- Aug 26 Chen Yi, Chinese communist military commander and politician (d. 1972)
- Aug 28 Cees Kelk, Dutch writer (Dance of Young Feet), born in Amsterdam (d. 1981)
- Aug 30 John Gunther, American author and host (John Gunther's High Road), born in Chicago, Illinois (d. 1970)
- Aug 30 Roy Wilkins, American civil rights activist and longtime executive director of NAACP, born in St. Louis, Missouri (d. 1981)
- Sep 2 Andreas Embirikos, Greek surrealist poet (d. 1975)
- Sep 4 Paul Osborn, American playwright (Mornings at 7), born in Evansville, Indiana (d. 1988)
William Lyons
Sep 4 William Lyons, British industrialist (Jaguar cars), born in Blackpool, Lancashire (d. 1985)
William Lyons
- Sep 6 John Erik Jonsson, American businessman and Mayor of Dallas, born in NYC, New York (d. 1995)
- Sep 8 Hendrik Verwoerd, South African Prime Minister (1958-66) who was assassinated in 1966, born in Amsterdam, Netherlands (d. 1966)
- Sep 15 Sir Donald Bailey, British engineer (d. 1985)
- Sep 17 Francis Chichester, English aviator and sailor (Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire), born in Barnstaple, Devon, England (d. 1972)
- Sep 22 Charles Huggins, American-Canadian physician and cancer researcher (1966 Nobel Prize), born in Halifax, Nova Scotia (d. 1997)
- Sep 22 Nadezhda Alliluyeva, Russian woman who was the 2nd wife of Joseph Stalin, born in Baku, Russian Empire (d. 1932)
- Sep 23 Adriaan Pitlo, Dutch lawyer, born in Antwerp (d. 1987)
- Sep 23 Jaroslav Seifert, Czech poet (Nobel 1984)
- Sep 28 Friedrichs, mathematician
Enrico Fermi
Sep 29 Enrico Fermi, Italian-American nuclear physicist, gone fission, fermium (Nobel 1938), born in Rome, Italy (d. 1954)
Enrico Fermi
- Sep 29 Lanza del Vasto, Italian philosopher and activist (d. 1981)
- Oct 2 Christopher Clarkson, British test pilot, born in Dunsfold, Surrey (d. 1994)
- Oct 2 Roy Campbell, South African poet (Flowering Rifle), born in Durban, South Africa (d. 1957)
- Oct 2 Charles Stark "Doc" Draper, American Scientist and Engineer who headed the team that invented the Apollo Guidance Computer and inertial navigation technology for aircraft, space vehicles, and submarines, born in Windsor, Missouri (d. 1987)
- Oct 4 [Robert] Carroll Nye, American actor (Gone with the Wind), born in Akron, Ohio (d. 1974)
- Oct 5 Willy Lages, German chief of Sicherheitsdienst in Amsterdam (WWII), born in Braunschweig, Germany (d. 1971)
- Oct 7 Souvanna Phouma, Prince and Prime Minister of Laos (1951–54, 1956–58, 1960 and 1962–75), born in Luang Phrabang, Laos (d. 1984)
- Oct 10 Alberto Giacometti, Swiss-French painter and sculptor, born in Borgonovo, Stampa, Graubünden, Switzerland (d. 1966)
- Oct 13 Benjamin Merkelbach, Dutch architect and city builder of Amsterdam, born in Amsterdam (d. 1961)
- Oct 14 Willem A. Wagenaar, Dutch journalist and writer (Shanghai) (d. 1968)
- Oct 15 Bernard von Brentano, German writer (Big Cats), born in Offenbach, Germany (d. 1964)
- Oct 15 Hermann Abs, German banker to Adolf Hitler & Konrad Adenauer and director of Deutsche Bank (1938-45), born in Bonn, Germany (d. 1994)
- Oct 15 Robert Bromston Thesiger Daniell, English soldier, born in London (d. 1996)
- Oct 19 Arleigh A Burke, Colo, admiral (WW II, Solomon Islands, Navy Cross)
- Oct 21 Gerhard von Rad, German old testament scholar (Deuteronomium)
- Oct 28 Eileen Shanahan, Irish poet (The Three Children (Near Clonmel)), born in Dublin (d. 1979)
André Malraux
Nov 3 André Malraux [Berger], French novelist and art historian (La Condition Humaine), born in Paris, France (d. 1976)
André Malraux
- Nov 3 Leopold III [Filip von Saksen-Coburg], King of the Belgians (from 1934, abdicated 1951), born in Brussels, Belgium (d. 1983)
- Nov 4 Yi Bangja, Crown Prince Euimin of Korea (1926-70), born in Tokyo, Japan d. 1989)
- Nov 4 Spyridon Marinatos, Greek archaeologist (discovery of the site of an ancient port city on the island of Thera, in the southern Aegean Sea), born in Lixoúrion, Cephalonia, Greece (d. 1974)
- Nov 8 Gheorge Gheorghiu-Dej, Romanian communist politician (President of the State Council 1961-65), born in Bârlad, Romania (d. 1965)
- Nov 9 John Norrie McArthur, malariologist/microscopist
- Nov 11 F. Van Wyck Mason, American historian and author (Three Harbours), born in Boston, Massachusetts (d. 1978)
- Nov 17 Walter Hallstein, West German politician (CDU) (Hallstein doctrine)
George Gallup
Nov 18 George Gallup, American survey sampling pioneer and inventor of the Gallup poll, born in Jefferson, Iowa (d. 1984)
George Gallup
- Nov 24 Andre Victor Tchelistcheff, winemaker
- Nov 25 Arthur Liebehenschel, Commandant of Auschwitz concentration camp (d. 1948)
- Nov 26 Philip Idenburg, Dutch statistician, born in Hillegersberg, Rotterdam, Netherlands (d. 1995)
- Dec 5 Werner Heisenberg, German physicist who discovered the uncertainty principle (Nobel 1932), born in Würzburg, Germany (d. 1976)
- Dec 5 Milton H. Erickson, American psychiatrist and psychologist, born in Aurum, Nevada (d. 1980)
- Dec 7 Tony Pugsley, British rear-admiral (Walcheren attack (1944)) (d. 1990)
- Dec 9 Ödön von Horváth, Hungarian writer (A Child of Our Time), born in Sušak, Rijeka, Austria-Hungary (d. 1938)
- Dec 9 Jean Mermoz, French pilot, born in Aubenton, Aisne, France (d. 1936)
- Dec 10 F Fischer, German war criminal (Breda 4)
- Dec 14 Paul I, King of Greece (1947-64), born in Tatoi Palace, Athens, Kingdom of Greece (d. 1964)
Margaret Mead
Dec 16 Margaret Mead, American anthropologist (Coming of Age in Samoa, Thoughts & Female), born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (d. 1978)
Margaret Mead
- Dec 19 Oliver [Hazard Perry] La Farge, American anthropologist and novelist, born in NYC, New York (d. 1963)
- Dec 20 Louis Kahn, US architect [or Feb 20], born in Pärnu, Estonia
- Dec 20 Robert Van de Graaff, American engineer & physicist (Mobility of Gaseous Ions), born in Tuscaloosa, Alabama
- Dec 21 Juan A de Zunzunegui y Loredo, Spanish writer, born in Portugalete, Spain (d. 1982)
- Dec 25 Alice C, English duchess of Gloucester/aunt of Elizabeth II