Events in History
- 1147 King Afonso I of Portugal occupiers Lisbon
- 1147 Seljuk Turks defeat German crusaders under Conrad III at the Battle of Dorylaeum
- 1241 Goffredo Castiglioni elected as Pope Coelestinus IV (-Nov 10 1241)
- 1315 Adam Banastre, Henry de Lea and William Bradshaw, led an attack on Liverpool Castle
- 1415 Battle of Agincourt: Henry V's forces defeat larger French army and the longbow defeats the armoured knight
- 1415 John IV van Bourgondy becomes Duke of Brabant and Limburg
Dirk Hartog Discovers Australia
1616 Dutch East India Company ship "The Eendracht" discovers Dirk-Hartog Island, Australia
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Event of Interest
1760 George III becomes King of Great Britain
George III
Event of Interest
1780 John Hancock becomes the first Governor of Massachusetts
John Hancock
The Charge of the Light Brigade, a Brave and Foolish Tale
1854 The infamous "Charge of the Light Brigade" during the Battle of Balaclava in the Crimean War results in over 100 killed
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- 1854 Prince Menshikov of Crimea occupies British base at Balaclava
- 1859 Merchant vessel Royal Charter runs aground at Liverpool, 459 die
- 1861 First Battle of Springfield [Zagonyi's Charge], fought in Springfield, Missouri, Union victory (US Civil War)
- 1861 Telegraph message sent from St Louis to San Francisco
- 1861 Toronto Stock Exchange created
- 1864 Battle of Marais Des Cygnes River, Kansas (Mine Creek)
- 1870 Pimlico Race Course opens in Baltimore
- 1870 Postcards first used in USA
- 1891 1st International 6 day bike race (NY Madison Square Garden) ends
- 1893 Battle of Shangani, Matabeleland: Dr Jameson beats Ndebeles
- 1900 Great Britain annexes the former Boer South African Republic, renaming it the Transvaal Colony
- 1901 Joseph Chamberlain, British Colonial Affairs Secretary, makes an anti-German speech in Edinburgh; when word reaches Germany leads to widespread agitation against the British and breakdown of negotiations for Anglo-German alliance
Event of Interest
1902 Maxim Gorky's "The Lower Depths" premieres in Moscow
Maxim Gorky
- 1902 Santa Maria, Guatemala hit by Earthquake, killing an estimated 6,000 people
Event of Interest
1906 Georges Clémenceau succeeds Ferdinand Sarien as Prime Minister of France
Georges Clémenceau
- 1906 US inventor Lee de Forest patents "Audion", a 3-diode amplification valve which proved a pioneering development in radio & broadcasting
- 1907 Frederik of Oaths disbands mental home colony Walden
- 1911 London's last horse drawn omnibus made its way from London Bridge Station to Moorgate
- 1915 James L Curtis named US Minister for Liberia
- 1917 Pan-Russian Congress opens in Petrograd
- 1918 Canadian steamship "Princess Sophia" hits a reef off Alaska, 398 die
Historic Publication
1923 Senate committee publishes 1st report on Teapot Dome scandal
Thomas J. Walsh
- 1925 Rightist German ministers disavows Treaty of Locarno
Event of Interest
1929 Former Interior Secretary Albert B. Fall convicted of accepting $100,000 bribe in the Teapot scandal - 1st US Cabinet member to go to jail
Albert B. Fall
Event of Interest
1932 Benito Mussolini promises to remain dictator for 30 years
Benito Mussolini
- 1935 Hurricane-produced floods kill 2,000 in Jeremie & Jacmel Haiti
- 1937 Belgian government of Zealand falls due to black money
- 1938 Japanese troops occupies Hankou & Wuhan
- 1939 William Saroyan's "Time of Your Life" premieres in NYC
- 1940 Benjamin O Davis Sr. becomes 1st African American general in US Army
- 1941 16,000 Jews massacred in Odessa, Ukraine
- 1941 Germany attacks Moscow
Event of Interest
1941 Winston Churchill routes "Forces South" to SE Asia
Winston Churchill
Erwin Rommel
Event of Interest
1945 Japanese surrender Taiwan to General Chiang Kai-shek
Chiang Kai-shek
Event of Interest
1950 Jean Anouilh's "La Repetition, ou L'Amour Pani" premieres in Paris
Jean Anouilh
- 1951 Peace talks aimed at ending Korean War resumed in Panmunjom
- 1952 First Dutch edition of children's magazine "Donald Duck"
- 1952 French president inaugurates Donzère-Mondragonstuw Dam
- 1952 Nazar Mohammad scores Pakistan's 1st Test century 124* v India
- 1953 Coal mine in Seraing Belgium explodes, 26 die
- 1955 Austria resumed its sovereignty after departure of last Allied occupation forces, for 1st time since German occupation of 1938
- 1955 Tappan sells 1st microwave oven
- 1957 Russian minister of Defense Zjoekov deposed
Murder of Interest
1957 Cosa Nostra crime boss Albert Anastasia is murdered in a barber's chair in New York City, probably by fellow mobster Joe Gallo
Albert Anastasia
Joe Gallo
Nobel Prize
1962 American author John Steinbeck awarded Nobel Prize for Literature
John Steinbeck
Event of Interest
1962 US Ambassador to the UN Adlai Stevenson demands USSR UN rep Zorin answer regarding Cuban missile bases saying "I am prepared to wait for my answer until hell freezes over"
Adlai Stevenson II
- 1963 Anti-Kennedy "WANTED FOR TREASON" pamphlets scattered in Dallas
- 1964 USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR
- 1966 6 youths sentenced in "Johnson murderer!" in Amsterdam
- 1968 Chicago recognizes Jean Baptiste Pointe de Sable as its 1st settler
- 1971 Belgium & People's Republic of China establish diplomatic relations
- 1971 General Meeting of UN agrees to admit People's Republic of China
- 1971 United Nations votes to expel the Chinese Nationalist ruled Taiwan and admit the Communist People's Republic of China
- 1971 A man dies two days after being shot during an Irish Republican Army attack on the British Army in Belfast
- 1972 Nobel Prize in Economics awarded to Kenneth J Arrow & John R Hicks
- 1973 Chris Wills wins 1st National hang-gliding championship
- 1974 US Air Force fires 1st ICBM
- 1975 USSR's Venera 10 makes day-side Venus landing
- 1976 5th Enterprise, approach & lands test (ALT) flight
- 1976 Governor Wallace grants full pardon to Clarence Norris, last known survivor of 9 Scottsboro Boys who were convicted in 1931 rape
Birthdays in History
- 1102 William Clito, Count of Flanders (1127-28), born in Rouen, France (d. 1128)
- 1330 Louis II, Count of Flanders, born in Male Castle, Flanders, France (d. 1384)
- 1360 Louis, founder of house of Anjou
- 1510 Renée of France, French princess and Duchess of Ferrara, born in Château de Blois, Touraine, France (d. 1574)
- 1528 Seerp Galama, Dutch nobleman, soldier and politician, born in Koudum, Netherlands (d. 1581)
- 1612 James Graham, Marquis of Montrose "the Great Montrose", Scottish general and poet, born in Edinburgh, Scotland (d. 1650)
- 1683 Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Grafton, British politician, born in London (d. 1757)
- 1692 Elisabeth Farnese, Princess of Parma and Queen of Spain (1714-24), born in Palazzo della Pilotta, Parma (d. 1766)
- 1709 Jan Wagenaar, Dutch merchant and historian, born in Amsterdam (d. 1773)
- 1735 James Beattie, Scottish poet and philosopher (Essay on Truth), born in Laurencekirk, Kincardineshire, Scotland (d. 1803)
William Grenville
1759 William Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (Whig: 1806-07), born in Wotton Underwood, Buckinghamshire, England (d. 1834)
William Grenville
- 1759 Maria Feodorovna of Russia, second wife of Tsar Paul I of Russia, born in Stettin, Kingdom of Prussia (d. 1828)
- 1782 Levi Lincoln, Jr., American lawyer and 13th Governor of Massachusetts (1825-34), born in Worcester, Massachusetts (d. 1868)
- 1800 Thomas Babington Macaulay, English poet and historian (Ivry, Naaseby), born in Leicestershire, England (d. 1859)
- 1802 Joseph Montferrand, French-Canadian logger and strong man, born in St. Lawrence, Montreal (d. 1864)
- 1803 Maria van Ackere-Doolaeghe, Flemish poet (Daisies, Avondlamp), born in Diksmuide, Belgium (d. 1884)
- 1806 Max Stirner [Johann Kaspar Schmidt], German philosopher (Der Einzige), born in Bayreuth, Bavaria (d. 1856)
- 1811 Évariste Galois, French mathematician (Group theory), born in Bourg-la-Reine, France (d. 1832)
- 1814 Prince Louis, French Duke of Nemours, born in Palais Royal, Paris (d. 1896)
- 1818 Pavel Melnikov, Russian historian and author (In the Forests), born in Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Empire [NS=Nov 6]
- 1819 Zachariah C. Deas, Brigadier General (Confederate Army), born in Camden, South Carolina (d. 1882)
- 1843 Gleb Uspensky, Russian author (Power of the Soil), born in Tula, Russian Empire (d. 1902)
- 1856 Dragutin Gorjanovic-Kramberger, Croatian paleontologist (discovery and descriptions of the Neandertal remains from the Huŝnjakova rock shelter at Krapina in northwestern Croatia), born in Zagreb, Croatia (d. 1936)
- 1859 Hélène Swarth, Dutch author (Lonely Flowers), born in Amsterdam (d. 1941)
- 1864 John Francis Dodge, American automobile pioneer (Co-Founder of Dodge Brothers Company), born in Niles, Michigan (d. 1920)
- 1867 Józef Dowbór-Muśnicki, Polish general, serving with the Imperial Russian and then Polish armies, born in Stary Garbów, Poland (d. 1937)
- 1877 Henry Norris Russell, American astronomer (Hertzsprung-Russell diagram), born in Oyster Bay, New York (d. 1957)
- 1878 Nico van Suchtelen, Dutch writer and publisher, born in Amsterdam (d. 1949)
Pablo Picasso
1881 Pablo Picasso, Spanish artist (3 Dancers, Guernica), born in Malaga, Andalusia, Spain (d. 1973)
Pablo Picasso
- 1884 Eduardo Barrios, Chilean novelist (The Love-Crazed Boy), born in Valparaíso, Chile (d. 1963)
- 1887 Emma "Grandma" Gatewood, American ultra-light hiking pioneer and 1st woman to hike the Appalachian Trail alone, born in Mercerville, Ohio (d. 1973)
- 1888 François Pauwels, Dutch writer and attorney, born in Amsterdam (d. 1966)
Richard E. Byrd
1888 Richard E. Byrd, American aviator and polar explorer (1st to reach both the North Pole and South Pole by air - disputed), born in Winchester, Virginia (d. 1957)
Richard E. Byrd
- 1888 Nils Dardel, Swedish post-impressionist painter, born in Bettna, Södermanland, Sweden (d. 1943)
- 1891 Father Coughlin, Canadian-American Roman Catholic priest and pro-Fascist radio broadcaster, born in Hamilton, Canada (d. 1979)
- 1895 Levi Eshkol [Sjkolnik], Israeli PM (MWP) (1963-69), born in Oratov, Kiev Governorate, Russian Empire (d. 1969)
- 1898 Sidney James van den Bergh, Dutch businessman and politician, born in Rotterdam, Netherlands (d. 1977)
- 1902 Henry Steele Commager, American historian (Atlas of Civil War), born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- 1903 Katharine Byron, U.S. Congresswoman, born in Detroit, Michigan (d. 1976)
- 1903 Harry Shoulberg, American expressionist painter, born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (d. 1995)
- 1908 Edmond Pidoux, Swiss writer (L'histoire de Jonas), born in Belgium (d. 2004)
- 1909 Philleo Nash, US Bureau of Indian Affairs (1961-67), born in Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin (1961-67)
- 1910 William Higinbotham, American physicist (member of team who developed first nuclear bomb), born in Bridgeport, Connecticut (d. 1994)
- 1912 Minnie Pearl [Sarah Ophelia Colley], American country comedienne (Grand Old Opry, Hee-Haw), born in Centerville, Tennessee (d. 1996)
Klaus Barbie
1913 Klaus Barbie, Gestapo chief (Butcher of Lyon), born in Godesberg, German Empire (d. 1991)
Klaus Barbie
Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
1919 Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, last Shah of Iran (Persia) (1941-79), born in Tehran, Persia (d. 1980)
Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
- 1921 Brian Malzard Foss, British psychologist, born in Whittlesey, Cambridgeshire (d. 1997)
- 1921 Michael I, King of Romania (1927-30, 1940-47), born in Peleș Castle, Sinaia, Romania (d. 2017)
- 1926 Ismail Gulgee, Pakistani painter, born in Peshawar, Pakistan (d. 2007)
- 1927 Jorge Batlle Ibáñez, Uruguayan politician, President of Uruguay (2000-2005), born in Montevideo (d. 2016)
- 1929 Peter Rohmkorf, German writer, born in Dortmund, Germany (d. 2008)
- 1929 Roger John Tayler, British astrophysicist (author of The Origin of the Chemical Elements), born in Birmingham, England (d. 1997)
- 1933 Larry J. Hopkins, American politician (Rep-R-KY, 1979-93), born in Detroit, Michigan
- 1935 Russell Luis Schweickart, astronaut (Apollo 9), born in Neptune Township, New Jersey
- 1936 Sir Martin Gilbert, British historian (Winston Churchill biography), born in London, England
- 1941 Anne Tyler, American writer (Accidental Tourist), born in Hennepin County, Minnesota
- 1943 Selly Fernandes, Curacao poetess (Winking with Selly)
- 1944 James Carville, American political stategist and commentator, born in Carville, Louisiana
- 1944 Haruhiko Kuroda, Governor of the Bank of Japan, born in Ōmuta, Fukuoka, Japan
- 1945 David Schramm, American astrophysicist (pioneer in establishing particle astrophysics as a vibrant research field), born in St. Louis, Missouri (d. 1997)
- 1948 Daniel Mark Epstein, American poet and biographer (Abraham Lincoln), born in Washington, D.C.
- 1956 Danny Gans, American entertainer, born in Los Angeles, California (d. 2009)
- 1960 Scott Anthony Haneline, murderer (FBI Most Wanted List), born in Indianapolis, Indiana
- 1960 June Brigman, American comic book artist, born in Atlantta, Georgia
- 1972 Esther Duflo, French American economist (2019 Nobel Prize for Economics), born in Paris
- 1975 Zadie Smith, British novelist (White Teeth, On Beauty, Swing Time), born in Brent, London, England
- 1986 Eddie Gaven, American footballer (Columbus Crew), born in Hamilton Township, New Jersey
- 2001 Princess Elisabeth, Duchess of Brabant, heir apparent to the Belgian throne, born in Erasmus Hospital, Anderlecht, Brussels
Weddings in History
Wedding of Interest
1764 Future 2nd American President John Adams (28) weds Abigail Smith (19) in Weymouth, Massachusetts (marriage lasts 54 years)
John Adams
Abigail Adams
Wedding of Interest
1777 Governor of Virginia Patrick Henry (41) weds second wife Dorothea Dandridge
Patrick Henry
Wedding of Interest
1859 US President Chester A. Arthur (30) weds Ellen Herndon (22) at Calvary Episcopal Church in NYC, New York
Chester A. Arthur
Wedding of Interest
1915 Leader of China's 1911 revolution Sun Yat-sen (48) weds second wife Soong Ching-ling
Sun Yat-sen
Wedding of Interest
1945 Painter Jackson Pollock (33) weds painter Lee Krasner (27)
Jackson Pollock
Wedding of Interest
2009 Ivanka Trump (27) weds New York Observer owner Jared Kushner (28) at Trump National Golf Club in Bedminster, New Jersey
Ivanka Trump
Jared Kushner
Deaths in History
- 79 Gaius Plinius Secundus [Pliny the Elder], Roman admiral and writer, dies during eruption of Mount Vesuvius [approx date, month of eruption disputed] [1] [2]
- 304 Marcellinus, bishop of Rome, dies
- 625 Boniface V, Italian Pope (619-25), dies
- 1047 Magnus I Godhi, king of Norway/Denmark (1035-47), dies
- 1154 Stefanus van Blois, king of England (1135-54), dies
Geoffrey Chaucer
1400 Geoffrey Chaucer 'Father of English literature', English poet and author of "The Canterbury Tales", dies at 56 or 57
Geoffrey Chaucer
- 1415 Anton van Bourgondie, French son of Philip the Stout, dies at 31
- 1415 Eduard, duke of York, dies at 45
- 1415 Philip of Nevers, French earl, dies at the Battle of Agincourt
- 1415 Robert of Bar, French knight, dies at the Battle of Agincourt
- 1495 John II, the Perfect/Consummate, King of Portugal (1481-95), dies
- 1510 Il Giorgione [Giorgio del Castelfranco], Italian painter, dies at 32
- 1604 Claude de la Tremoille, French duke of Thouars/huguenot, dies
- 1647 Evangelista Torricelli, Italian physicist (inventor of barometer), dies at 39
- 1676 Justus G Schottel [Schottelius], German linguistic/poet, dies at 64
- 1806 Henry Knox, American general (Continental Army and later the United States Army), dies at 56
- 1826 Philippe Pinel, French physician (the father of modern psychiatry), dies at 81
- 1833 Abbas Mirza, Persian governor/heir to the throne, dies at 44
- 1845 Carel H Verhuell, Dutch/French vice-admiral, dies at 81
- 1855 Willem Frederik van Bylandt, Dutch military officer, dies at 84
- 1861 Friedrich C von Savigny, German lawyer, dies at 82
- 1892 Caroline Harrison, 1st lady of the U.S. (1889-1892), wife of Benjamin Harrison, dies at 60
- 1902 Frank Norris, American journalist and writer (McTeague), dies at 32
- 1920 Alexander, King of Greece (1917-20), dies after ape bite at 27
- 1921 Bat Masterson, American gunfighter in the Wild West, dies of a heart attack at 67
- 1922 Oskar Hertwig, German embryologist (discovered fertilization), dies at 73
- 1934 Frank Sprague, American inventor who installed the first U.S. electric trolley system, dies at 77
- 1936 Jaime de Magalhães Lima, Portuguese author and poet (Salmos do Prisoneiro), dies at 76
- 1938 Alfonsina Storni, Argentine poet (La inquietud del rosal), dies at 46
- 1939 Cornelis JK van Aalst, president Dutch Business Society, dies at 73
- 1941 Robert Delaunay, French artist, dies at 56
- 1943 H van Zanten, guerrilla leader on North Sumatra, executed
- 1944 Fake Krist, nazi collaborator, killed
- 1951 Amélie of Orléans, Queen of Portugal, wife of Carlos I, dies at 86
- 1956 Risto Ryti, Finnish minister/premier/president, dies at 67
- 1957 Henry Van de Velde, Flemish painter and architect (Art Nouveau), dies at 94
- 1957 Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany, Irish sci-fi writer (Time & Gods), dies at 79
Albert Anastasia
1957 Albert Anastasia [Umberto Anastasio], American gangster (murder Inc), murdered at 55
Albert Anastasia
- 1960 Henry George "Harry" Ferguson, Irish aviator, engineer and inventor (Modern tractor), dies at 75
- 1961 Peter Jensen, co-inventor (loud speaker), dies at 75
- 1967 Margaret Ayer Barnes, American playwright and writer (Years of Grace), dies at 81
- 1968 Jean Schlumberger, French writer (Passions), dies at 91
- 1972 Norman Norell [Levinson], US fashion designer, dies at 72
- 1973 G Paul H Schuitema, graphically designer/photographer, dies
- 1976 Raymond Queneau [M Presle], French writer (Last Days), dies at 73
- 1981 Ariel Durant, American author (Story of Civilization), dies at 83
- 1985 Elsa Moranet, writer, dies at 67
- 1989 Gerard Walschap, Flemish writer (Men of Goods), dies at 91
- 1989 Mary McCarthy, American novelist (Group), dies, at 77
- 1992 Adelino Da Palma Carlos, Prime Minister of Portugal (1974), dies
- 1993 Francisco Velis, El Salvador guerilla leader (FMLN), murdered
- 1993 Mary C Lawton, jurist (CIA's Agency Seal Medallion), dies at 58
- 1993 Philip P. Cohen, American medical researcher, dies at 85
- 1993 Vladimir Yevgenyevich Preobrazhensky, Russian cosmonaut, dies at 54
- 1994 Anthony David Machell Cox, medievalist, dies at 81
- 1995 Kenneth Dadzie, Ghanaian diplomat and 1st African Secretary-General of UNCTAD, dies at 65
- 1995 Robert Grieve, Scottish civil servant and planner, dies at 84
- 2000 Don Brooks, American session and touring harmonica player (Waylon Jennings; Ken Burns' "The Civil War"), dies of leukemia at 53
- 2002 Paul Wellstone, American politician (Sen-D-Minnesota 1991-2002), dies in a plane crash at 58
- 2008 Anne Pressly, American news anchor (b. 1982)
- 2010 Vesna Parun, Croatian poet (b. 1922)
- 2012 Jacques Barzun, French author (The House of Intellect), dies at 104
- 2013 Hal Needham, American stuntman, dies from cancer at 82
- 2015 Lisa Jardine, British historian and writer, dies of cancer at 71